APPENDIX|
Common Instruments in Pathology
Competencies (Outcomes)
CORE(MUST KNOW) NON-CORE (DESIRABLE TO KNOW) INTEGRATION ADDITIONAL
To hone skills at identification of the major instruments used in diagnosticpathology
Tofacilitate the student to prepare for viva voce on instruments in a short time. laboratories and to know their applications.
In this section, a compilation of common instruments used 3. DLC COUNTER (MANUAL)
in diagnosticlaboratories in haematology, clinical pathology,
histopathology and cytopathology (in that sequence) has
been done. Each instrument has an image accompanied with
its major application. An alphabetic order has been followed.
HAEMATOLOGY (1-20)
1. ANTISERA FOR BLOODGROUPING
ERYCLONE ERYCLONE bNE Anti-AB
lonoclonal
erplae Test ROFINAL
ANT-A ANTI-B
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different
A manual counter having pressing keys for counting
cells in DLC.
4. EHRLICH'S EYEPIECE
Colour-coded antisera bottles for ABO-Rh blood grouping.
Blue=A,Yellow=B, Pink=AB, Colourless=anti-D (Rh) antisera.
2. BONE MARROW ASPIRATION(SALAH'S) NEEDLE
the microscope;
square window is fitted on
Aneyepiece having a
used for counting reticulocytes.
Used for bone marrow aspiration for study of haematopoiesis.
262 Section 8: Appendices
COMPARATOR
COLOUR
5. GRADUATED PIPETTE (1 ML) 10. SAHLI'S
Glass pipette with etched markings of 0.1 each; used for
dispensing liquids of required small volume.
6. LANCET
ISUDERIOR
haemoglobinvalue directhy
Glass colour comparator for reading with N/10 HCI
gradual dilution
from the Hb tube after
Metallic piece having a sharp-pointed end with fixed depth for PIPETTE
blood collection by finger prick method. 11. SAHLI'S HAEMOGLOBIN
7. NEUBAUER'S (IMPROVED) COUNTING CHAMBER
(HAEMACYTOMETER) ep4DEEIP
8
Tiete
Neubauer
Used for taking 20 uL blood for haemoglobin estimation by
Depth
Prolondeur Sahli's method.
0100 mm
12. SAHLI'S HAEMOGLOBIN TUBE
0.0025 mm?
Calibrated tube used for making acid haematin by mixing N/10
HCland blood in Sahli's method.
Acounting chamber with markings used for counting RBCs, 13. STOPWATCH
WBCs, absolute eosinophil count, platelets, sperms and cells
in CSF.
8. PASTEUR PIPETTE
554%
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50 21
10
45 02s
15
Glass pipette with capillary drawn at one end and a rubber teat
at the other end; used for filling Wintrobe's tube with blood. 40 ( 20
35 25
9. RBC PIPETTE 30
Used for determining the timing a
of the end point in tests o
Used for RBC and platelet counting by manual method. haemostasis.
Appendix I: Common Instruments in Pathology 263
14. THERMOMETER FOR WATERBATH OTOHDIM 3S 19. WINTROBE'S STANDaUTDU9AAOMUL es
Mercury thermometer for placing in waterbath for taking
temperature.
15. TREPHINE BIOPSY (JAMSHIDI'S) NEEDLE
ois sldsaogald for
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biw
OTOADIM .es 20. WINTROBE'S (HAEMATOCRIT) TUBE
Used for bone marrow core biopsy to study marrow
components
by paraffin-embedding technique.
Used for ixte
16. VACUTAINERS WITH VACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE Glass tube closed at one end; used for filling with anticoagulated
blood for testing for ESR and PCV (or haematocrit).
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21. DIPSTICKS FOR URINE
Multitix
Uristi
2741C
26550
Multistix
SG
Uristix for iStips
Reae
Colour-coded sealed tubes and vacupuncture needle, used CRINEsANPL
for blood collection directly into tubes free of spillage. Purple
tube = EDTA for CBC (haemogram), grey tube = Fluoride tube
for glucose, Blue tube = Sodium citrate for ESR, Yellow tube =
Plain with gel for clotted blood.
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Reagent-coated strips for rapid testing of ingredients in urine.
17. WBC PIPETTE
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Used for TLC and sperm counting by manual method.
18. WESTERGREN'S PIPETTE
Glass pipette open at both ends; used for filling with citrated
blood for reading ESR after one hour. Used for quantitative estimation of albumin in the urine.
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264 Section 8: Appendices
28. MICROTOMYBLADES. HIGH AND I LOW PROFILE
23. LUMBAR PUNCTURE NEEDLE
Used for aspiration of CSF by lumbar tap.
24. URINOMETER A
B
Disposable microtomy blades. A, high profile blade has wider
has narrower width.
width. B, Low profile blade
WEDGE TYPE
R 2 9 . MICROTOMY KNIFE, PLAIN
Used for estimation of specific gravity of urine.
1 006
,
-
1 024
.
25. VIM SILVERMAN'S NEEDLE
Fixed knife having wedge-shaped appearance when viewed
tissue.
from the side; used for cutting the wax block of
Used for tissue core biopsy from liver.
30. SLIDE CARRIER
HISTOPATHOLOGY(26-31)
26. BLOCKMOULDS (METAL), LEUCKHART'S (L)
A metal carrier for carrying fixed number of glass slides asa
batch by manual staining in glass troughs.
Used for making tissue blocks in wax.
31. TISSUE CAPSULES (STAINLESS STEEL)
27. BLOCK MOULDs (PLASTIC)
Plastic tissue cassettes
= for placing and carrying the tissues
through the processing cycle after grossing of the tissue. Used for placing and carrying the tissue through thetissue
processor after gross
&
examination.
Appendix I: Common Instruments in Pathology 26
CYTOPATHOLOGY (32-34)
32. AYRE'S SPATULA
34. FRANZEN HANDLE D,o24
Chandigorh-1
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AMAR
Used for cervical scrape (Pap) smear. ecio-2
33. COPLIN JAR
A, FRANZEN HANDLE
B, SYRINGE AND 22G NEEDLE
Used for fitting the syringe during FNA procedure for better
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