Engineering Physics
Tutorial Questions
Short Answer Questions
1) State the principle of superposition of waves.
2) Define interference.
3) Explain the concept of coherence.
4) Mention the conditions for sustained interference.
5) Explain the complementary nature of thin film.
6) What is the reason for colours in thin film?
7) Why the centre of Newton’s rings is always dark?
8) Mention the applications of Newton’s rings.
9) Mention the applications of interference.
10) Define stimulated absorption.
11) Define spontaneous emission.
12) Define stimulated emission.
13) Mention the differences between spontaneous and stimulated emissions.
14) What is population inversion?
15) Define life time and meta stable state.
16) Mention the characteristics of lasers.
17) Explain the principle of lasing action with diagram.
18) Mention the applications of lasers.
Long Answer Questions
1) Explain the phenomenon of interference of light due to a thin parallel film and derive the
conditions for maxima and minima. (OR)
What are the conditions to obtain the maximum and minimum intensities in the reflected light
due to thin film? (OR)
Derive cosine law. Write down the conditions for brightness and darkness in the reflected
system.
2) With the help of a neat diagram, describe the experimental arrangement to produce Newton’s
rings by reflected light.
3) Derive the conditions for diameters of Newton’s rings. (OR)
Prove that the diameter of dark ring is proportional to the square root of the natural number.
4) Determine the wavelength of given monochromatic source and the refractive index of a given
transparent liquid using Newton’s rings experiment.
5) What are Einstein’s coefficients? Derive the relation between the probabilities of spontaneous
emission and stimulated emission in terms of Einstein’s coefficients.
6) Discuss in detail three level pumping and four level pumping systems.
7) With the help of suitable diagrams, explain the construction and working of a Ruby laser.
8) With necessary theory and energy level diagram, explain the construction and working of a
He-Ne gas laser.
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Problems
1) A parallel beam of light from a wavelength of 6000 Å incident on a thin glass plate with
refractive index 1.5, the angle of refraction is 50°. Calculate the smallest thickness of the glass
plate so that it will appear dark by reflection.
2) In a Newton’s ring experiment the diameter of 15th dark ring and 5th dark ring are 0.59 cm and
0.33 cm respectively. If the radius of curvature of the convex lens is 100cm. Calculate the
wavelength used.
3) In Newton’s ring experiment, the diameter of 9th dark ring is 0.28 cm. Find the diameter of
16th dark ring when the wavelength of light is 6000 A0.
4) Calculate the wavelength of emission from a laser diode whose energy band gap Eg = 1.44 eV.
5) Calculate the energy band gap of a InGaAsP diode laser in eV when λ = 1.55 μm.
6) Find the ratio of population of the two states in a ruby laser that produces light of wavelength
6943Å at 27°C.
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