Development
Question 1. Human Development Report is published by
(a) UNDP
(b) World Bank
(c) IMF
(d) WHO
Answer: (a) UNDP
Question 2. What was the literacy rate in Kerala in 2011?
(a) 82
(b) 94
(c) 62
(d) 50
Answer: (b) 94
Question 3. Which of the following is the most important component for comparing
different countries?
(a) Population
(b) Income
(c) Per capita income
(d) Resources
Answer: (c) Per capita income
Question 4. In which state of India is the infant mortality rate lowest?
(a) Goa
(b) Bihar
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Kerala
Answer: (a) Goa
Question 5. Which of the following countries has higher HDI rank than India?
(a) Sri Lanka
(b) Nepal
(c) Bangladesh
(d) Pakistan
Answer: (a) Sri Lanka
Question 6. Pick out the cause (from below) that enhances environmental degradation:
(a) Planting of trees.
(b) Prevention of factory wastes getting mixed up with river water.
(c) Ban on use of plastic bags.
(d) Allowing increase in the level of exhaust fumes emitted by cars, buses, trucks, etc.
Answer: (d) Allowing increase in the level of exhaust fumes emitted by cars, buses, trucks,
etc.
Question 7. HDI stands for ‘Human Development Index’ that focuses on Fill in the
blanks with one of the following options:
(a) life expectancy
(b) gross enrolment ratio for three levels of schooling
(c) national income
(d) All the above
Answer: (d) All the above
Question 8. Pick out the correct meaning listed below to define ‘average income’.
(a) Average income of the country means the total income of the country.
(b) The average income in a country is the income of only employed people.
(c) The average income is the same as per capita income.
(d) The average income includes the value of property held.
Answer: (c) The average income is the same as per capita income.
Question 9. What will be the top priority in the developmental goal of a landless
labourer?
(a) Expansion of rural banking
(b) More days of work and better wages
(c) Metal roads for transportation
(d) Establishment of a high school
Answer: (b) More days of work and better wages
Question 10. What proportion of the country is over using their groundwater reserves?
(a) One-Fourth
(b) One-Tenth
(c) One-Third
(d) half
Answer: (c) One-Third
Question 11. Development goals of different sections of our society can be achieved by:
(a) Force
(b) Democratic political process
(c) Violent agitation
(d) Terrorism
Answer: (b) Democratic political process
Question 12. Which one of the following statements defines ‘Literacy Rate’?
(a) Total literate population divided by total population
(b) Total literate population divided by literate population
(c) Proportion of illiterate population in the 18 and above age group.
(d) It measures the proportion of literate proportion in the 7 years and above age group.
Answer: (c) Proportion of illiterate population in the 18 and above age group.
Question 13.
Which one of the following is not a feature of developing country?
(a) Agriculture as the major occupation
(b) High technological development
(c) Mass poverty
(d) Mass illiteracy
Answer
Answer: (b) High technological development
Question 14. The developmental goal for a girl from a rich family is:
(a) to get more days of work
(b) to get as much freedom as her brother gets
(c) to get electricity
(d) to get better wages
Answer: (b) to get as much freedom as her brother gets
Question 15. Which one of the following is a developmental goal for industrialists?
(a) To get more days of work
(b) To get better wages
(c) To get more electricity
(d) All the above
Answer: (c) To get more electricity
Question 16. Which one of the following criteria is the basis to measure the development
of a country according to UNDP?
(a) Per capita income
(b) Educational levels of the people
(c) Health status of the people
(d) All the above
Answer: (d) All the above
Question 17. Which one of the following states has the highest Human Development
Index (HDI)?
(a) Kerala
(b) Punjab
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) West Bengal
Answer: (a) Kerala
Question 18. Which is the most important attribute for comparing the development of
countries ?
(a) Resources
(b) Population
(c) Average income
(d) None of these
Answer: (d) None of these
Question 19. Which of the following countries has higher HDI rank than India?
(a) Sri Lanka
(b) Nepal
(c) Bangladesh
(d) Pakistan
Answer: (a) Sri Lanka
Question 20. Kerala has low Infant Mortaliy Rate because:
(a) it has good climatic condition
(b) it has adequate infrastructure
(c) it has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities
(d) it has poor net attendence ratio
Answer: (c) it has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities
Question 21. Human Development Index compares countries based on which of the
following levels of the people?
(a) Educational level
(b) Health status
(c) Per capita Income
(d) All the above
Answer: (d) All the above
Question 22. Cause of high infant mortality rate is :
(a) inadequate facilities of health
(b) lack of infrastructural facilities
(c) lack of awareness
(d) both (a) and (b)
Answer: (d) both (a) and (b)
Question 23. Which of the following neighbouring countries has better performance in
terms of human development rank than India ?
(a) Bhutan
(b) Sri Lanka
(c) Nepal
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b) Sri Lanka
Question 24. Proportion of literate population in the 7 years and above age group is
termed as
(a) Education index
(b) Mortality ratio
(c) Literacy rate
(d) Gross enrolment ratio
Answer: (c) Literacy rate
Question 25. Per capita income is:
(a) income per person
(b) income per family
(c) income per earning person
(d) income per month
Answer: (a) income per person
Question 26. The countries with per capita income of US $955 (2017) or less are termed
as
(a) Low income countries
(b) Developing countries
(c) Developed countries
(d) Rich countries
Answer: (a) Low income countries
Source-based Questions:
Question 1.
Read the following passage on ‘Groundwater in India’ given on Textbook Page 14 and
then answer the questions that follow:
Groundwater in India: “Recent evidence suggests that the groundwater is under serious threat
of overuse in many parts of the country. About 300 districts have reported a water level
decline of over 4 metres during the past 20 years. Nearly one- third of the country is
overusing their groundwater reserves. In another 25 years,60 per cent of the country would be
doing the same if the present way of using this resource continues. Groundwater overuse is
particularly found in the agriculturally prosperous regions of Punjab and Western U.P., hard
rock plateau areas of central and south India, some coastal areas and the rapidly growing
urban settlements.
(a) Why ground water is overused?
(b) Can there be development without overuse?
(i) Why is groundwater overused?
(ii) Can there be development without overuse?
Answer:
(i) Groundwater is used for the purpose of agriculture.
(ii) Yes. There can be development without the overuse of groundwater. Since this natural
resource is easily available, we don’t value it much and use it recklessly for our selfish
purposes. We must stop overusing it so that it may be there for our future generations.
Question 2.
Read the following passage on ‘Exhaustion of Natural Resources’ given on Textbook
Page 15 and then answer the questions that follow:
Exhaustion of Natural Resources: Look at the following data for crude oil.
Table 1.7 Crude Oil Reserves
Source : BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2014
The table gives an estimate of reserves of crude oil (column 1). More important, it also tells
us for how many years the stock of crude oil will last if people continue to extract it at the
present rate. The reserves would last only 53 years more. This is for the world as a whole.
However, different countries face different situations. Countries like India depend on
importing oil from abroad because they do not have enough stocks of their own. If prices of
oil increase this becomes a burden for everyone. There are countries like USA which have
low reserves and hence want to secure oil through military or economic power. The question
of sustainability of development raises many fundamentally new issues about the nature and
process of development.
Questions:
(i) Is crude oil essential for the development process in a country? Discuss.
(ii) India has to import crude oil. What problems do you anticipate for the country
looking at the above situation?
Answer:
(i) Yes, crude oil plays an important role in the development process in a country. It can
generate heat, drive machinery and fuel vehicle and airplanes. Its components are used to
manufacture almost all chemical products, such as plastics, detergents, paints and even
medicines.
(ii) The future is bleak because the reserves of oil would last only 53 years more. It is high
time to think collectively. It will be in favour of all.