Tutorial Sheet : 1
Course Code : BMAT202L
Course Title : Probability and statistics
Module 1: Introduction to Statistics
Easy:
1. Compute the mean weekly wages of the 65 employees working in a factory from the frequency
table:
x 55.00 65.00 75.00 85.00 95.00 105.00 115.00
f 8 10 16 14 10 5 2
Solution: 79.77
2. The mean of 200 observations was 50. Later, it was discovered that two observations were
wrongly read as 92 and 8 instead of 192 and 88. Find the correct mean.
Solution: 50.9
3. Calculate the mean and median for the following data, of the diastolic blood pressure of 250 men.
The readings were made to the nearest millimetre and central value of each group is given:
Blood Pressure (mm): 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
Number of Men: 4 5 31 39 114 30 25 2
Solution: Mean:79.08, Median:79.52
4. Find the modal wage from the following:
Wages 50.00-50.99 60.00-69.99 70.00-79.99 80.00-89.99 90.00-99.99
Employees 8 10 16 14 10
Wages 100.00-109.99 110.00-119.99
Employees 5 2
Solution: Rs. 77.50
5. Find the mean deviation from the mean of the following distribution:
x: 7 8 9 10 11 12 14
f: 2 3 4 5 3 2 1
Solution: 1.375
6. Calculate the geometric and harmonic means of the distribution given below:
x: 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35
f: 9 18 25 30 20 10 8
Solution: G.M= 14.02, H.M= 10.70
7. One industrialist has two pipe factories at two different places. In one factory, 125 labours are
working with average wage of Rs. 250 but in another factory, 274 labours are working with
average wages of Rs. 200. Find the mean of the composite wage paid by the industrialist.
Solution: 215.625
8. Find the mean and mode for the following:
Year under: 10 20 30 40 50 60
No of persons 15 32 51 78 97 109
Solution: 29.95, 35.00
9. Calculate the mean, median and mode of the following frequency distribution. Also check
whether the empirical relation among them is satisfied.
x: 58.875 60.875 62.875 64.875 66.875 68.875 70.875 72.875
f: 2 28 125 270 303 197 65 10
Solution: Mean:66.375, Median:66.370, Mode:668.7
10. For the following data, calculate the mean, the first four moments about the mean. Hence find
the S.D and determine the coefficient of skewness and kurtosis.
Size of item : 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Frequency: 3 6 9 13 8 5 4
Solution: µ2 = 2.583, µ3 = 0.375, µ4 = 15.833, S.D = 1.607, γ1 = 0.903, β2 = 2.3725
Moderate:
1. Find the missing frequencies in the following frequency distribution, when it is known that
A.M= 11.09
Class Limits 9.3-9.7 9.8-10.2 10.3-10.7 10.8-11.2 11.3-11.7 11.8-12.2 12.3-12.7 12.8-13.2
Frequency 2 5 f3 f4 14 6 3 1
Solution: f 3 = 12, f 4 = 17
2. Following are the daily wages of workers in a textile. Find the median.
Wages in Rs No of workers Wages in Rs No of workers
Less than 100 5 Less than 600 45
Less than 200 12 Less than 700 52
Less than 300 20 Less than 800 60
Less than 400 32 Less than 900 68
Less than 500 40 Less than 1000 75
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Solution: 468.75
3. Find the median and median class of the data given below:
Class Boundaries 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65 65-75
Frequency 4 11 19 14 0 2
Solution: 40.26 and 35 − 45
4. The following are scores of two batsman A and B
Score of A 12 115 6 73 7 19 119 36 84 29
Score of B 47 12 16 42 4 51 37 48 13 0
Who is the better score getter and who is more consistent?
Solution: Better Scorer: A, More consistent: B
5. Find the S.D from the following frequency distribution:
Height in Inches No of students
Over 60 but not more than 62 35
Over 62 but not more than 64 27
Over 64 but not more than 66 20
Over 66 but not more than 68 13
Over 68 but not more than 70 5
Solution: 24 inches
6. Compute the S.D of income from the following:
Income (Rs) Below 200 200 − 399 400 − 599 600 − 799 800 − 999 1000 − 1199
No of earners 25 72 47 22 13 7
Solution: Rs. 251.40
7. With median as the base, calculate mean deviation and compare the variability of the two series
A and B.
Series A 3484 4572 4124 3682 5624 4388 3680 4308
Series B 487 508 620 382 408 266 186 218
Solution: Series B has greater variability
8. The first two moments of a distribution about the value 4 are −1.5 and 2.7. Find the moment
about zero. Also calculate the mean and S.D.
Solution: 2.5, 6.7 Mean: 2.5, S.D: 0.671
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9. Find the standard deviation of the following data 5, 10, 15, 20, 25. Add 3 to each item and find
the new standard deviation.
p
Solution: 5 2
10. In a moderately asymmetrical distribution, the values of mode and mean are 32.1 and 35.4
respectively. Find the median value.
Solution: Hint: Use empirical formula.
Hard:
1. The following table gives the monthly income of 45 employees in a factory. The total monthly
income of 5employees in the class “Rs.400 and above” is Rs.6000. Find the mean.
Income (Rs.) 220-249 250-279 280-309 310-339 340-369 370-399 400 & above
Frequency 6 8 12 5 5 4 5
Solution: Rs. 399.78
2. Put the following information into a frequency distribution and obtain the arithmetic mean (as-
suming the range of salary is Rs. 0 − 500:) For a group of wage earners, 20%, 40%, 70%, and 80%
of the wage earners receive less than Rs. 50, 120, 300 and 350 respectively; and 5% are receiving
Rs.400 and over.
Solution: 196.25
3. You are given the following incomplete frequency distribution. It is known that the total fre-
quency is 1,000 and that the median is 413.11. Estimate by calculation the missing frequencies
Values 300-325 325-350 350-375 375-400 400-425 425-450 450-475 475-500
Frequency 5 17 80 ? 326 ? 88 9
Solution: Rs. 227, 248
4. The sum of deviations from a certain number of observations measured from 14 is 275 and the
sum of observations of the same value from 19 is−225. Find mean and number of observations.
Solution: n = 100, x̄ = 16.75
5. A firm is in the business of software development. On many occasions it outsources solutions.
Last year, it made the following payments for outsourcing:
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Payments made (in Rs.) No. of persons
0–1000 3
0–2000 8
0–3000 17
0–4000 40
0–5000 61
0–6000 80
0–7000 93
0–8000 100
Calculate median payment per person.
Solution: 4476.19
6. In a small town, a survey was conducted in respect of profit made by retail shops. The following
results were obtained:
Profit / Loss −4 - −3 −3 - −2 −2 - −1 −1 -0 0-1 1-2 2-3 3- 4 4-5 5-6
No of Shops 4 10 22 28 38 56 40 24 18 10
Calculate
(i) the average profit made by a retail shop,
(ii) total profit made by all the shops,
(iii) the coefficient of variation of earnings.
Solution: Rs. 1.348, 337 (Rs ’000),153
7. The following are the frequency distribution of marks secured by a class of 80 students before
and after special coaching. If the median marks secured by the class before and after coaching
are 60.5 and 61.30 respectively, find the values of a and b.
Distribution of marks before coaching
Class 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
Frequency a b 10 15 22 11 8
Distribution of marks after coaching
Class 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
a b
Frequency 13 18 23 12 8
2 2
Solution: a = 8, b = 6
8. Calculate the coefficient of skewness based on quartiles from the following:
More than 0 5474 More than 60 2718
More than 10 5426 More than 70 1406
More than 20 5259 More than 80 764
More than 30 5023 More than 90 370
More than 40 4475 More than 100 160
More than 50 3712 More than 110 39
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Solution: Q 1 = 44.84,Q 2 = 59.81,Q 3 = 70.58 Skewness:−0.16
9. In two factories A and B located in the same industrial area, the average weekly wages (in
rupees) and the standard deviations are as follows:
Factory Average S.D. No. of workers
A 34.5 5 476
B 28.5 4.5 524
(a) Which factory A or B pays out a larger amount as weekly wages?
(b) Which factory A or B has greater variability in individual wages?
Solution: Hint: a) Compare total wages paid by factory A and B b) Find coefficient of
variation to compare the variability
10. Verify the relationship between A.M, G.M and H.M for the following data:
X 0 − 10 10 − 20 20 − 30 30 − 40 40 − 50 50 − 60
f 5 10 25 30 20 10
Solution: Hint: a) Compare total wages paid by factory A and B b) Find coefficient of
variation to compare the variability
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