AIM Institute of Minds
Sector 115, Noida
UNIT TEST — SCIENCE : ANSWER KEY
Class X | CBSE | Maximum Marks: 40
SECTION A — Multiple Choice Questions (10 × 1 = 10 marks)
Q. No. Correct Answer
1 (b) Decomposition reaction
2 (b) Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
3 (c) Greater than 7
4 (c) Hydrogen
5 (c) Equal to the angle of reflection
6 (b) Virtual, erect and diminished
7 (c) Alveoli
8 (b) Nephron
9 (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
10 (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
SECTION B — Short Answer Questions – I (5 × 2 = 10 marks)
Q11. Balanced equation and reaction type: [2]
3Fe(s) + 4H₂O(g) → Fe₃O₄(s) + 4H₂(g)
Type: Displacement reaction (iron displaces hydrogen from steam).
Q12. Strong acid vs weak acid: [2]
A strong acid ionises completely in water to give a high concentration of H⁺ ions, e.g. hydrochloric acid (HCl).
A weak acid ionises only partially in water to give a low concentration of H⁺ ions, e.g. acetic acid (CH₃COOH).
Q13. Laws of refraction of light: [2]
(i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.
(ii) The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant for a given
pair of media (Snell's Law): sin i / sin r = constant (refractive index).
Q14. Faster breathing rate in aquatic organisms: [2]
Water contains much less dissolved oxygen than air, so aquatic organisms (e.g. fish) must pass a larger volume
of water over their gills per minute to obtain sufficient oxygen — hence a faster breathing/ventilation rate
compared with terrestrial organisms.
Q15. Pulmonary artery vs pulmonary vein: [2]
The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated (CO₂-rich) blood from the heart to the lungs, while the pulmonary
vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart.
SECTION C — Short Answer Questions – II (4 × 3 = 12 marks)
Q16. Types of chemical reactions: [3]
(i) Combination reaction — two or more substances combine to form a single product. Example: 2Mg + O₂ →
2MgO
(ii) Decomposition reaction — a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. Example:
CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂
(iii) Displacement reaction — a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound.
Example: Fe + CuSO₄ → FeSO₄ + Cu
Q17. Mirror numerical (u = −30 cm, f = −15 cm, h = 4 cm): [3]
Using 1/v + 1/u = 1/f: 1/v = 1/f − 1/u = (−1/15) − (−1/30) = −1/30 ⟹ v = −30 cm
Magnification m = −v/u = −(−30)/(−30) = −1
Since m = −1, image height = −4 cm. The image is formed 30 cm in front of the mirror, and is real, inverted, and
the same size as the object (formed at the centre of curvature).
Q18. Double circulation: [3]
In double circulation, blood passes through the heart twice in one complete cycle — once through pulmonary
circulation (heart → lungs → heart) and once through systemic circulation (heart → body → heart).
It is necessary because it keeps oxygenated and deoxygenated blood completely separate, allowing blood to be
pumped to the body at high pressure. This ensures an efficient supply of oxygen needed to maintain the constant
body temperature and high energy demands of warm-blooded animals like humans.
Q19. Steps of urine formation: [3]
(i) Glomerular filtration — blood is filtered under pressure in the glomerulus, and the filtrate (containing glucose,
amino acids, salts, urea, water) collects in the Bowman's capsule.
(ii) Selective reabsorption — as the filtrate passes along the tubule, useful substances such as glucose, amino
acids, salts and most of the water are reabsorbed back into the surrounding blood capillaries.
(iii) Tubular secretion — additional wastes and excess ions are secreted into the tubule from the blood; the
remaining concentrated fluid (urine) passes into the collecting duct, ureter and then the bladder.
SECTION D — Case-Based Questions (2 × 4 = 8 marks)
Q20. Case Study: Rusting of Iron [4]
i. The chemical formula of rust is Fe₂O₃·xH₂O (hydrated iron(III) oxide). [1]
ii. Rusting did not occur in test tube A because although air/oxygen was present, moisture was absent (absorbed
by the anhydrous calcium chloride) — and rusting requires both air and water together. [1]
iii. Rusting did not occur in test tube B because although water was present, the layer of oil prevented air/oxygen
from reaching the nail — and rusting requires both air and water together. [1]
iv. Any one method: Galvanisation (coating iron with a layer of zinc), painting, oiling/greasing, or alloying (e.g.
making stainless steel). [1]
Q21. Case Study: The Journey of Oxygen in the Human Body [4]
i. Haemoglobin. [1]
ii. Alveoli. [1]
iii. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood arriving from the lungs (via the pulmonary vein). [1]
iv. It is called double circulation because in one complete cycle, blood passes through the heart twice — once
during pulmonary circulation (heart to lungs and back) and once during systemic circulation (heart to the rest of
the body and back). [1]
— END OF ANSWER KEY —