Realtime

Data Acquisition And

Processing System

USER GUIDE

Version 1.61
 Copyright 1998-2004, PetroServices GmbH Magdeburg

CONTENTS
MUD LOGGING UNIT DTCIS SOFTWARE 5

OPERATING REQUIREMENTS 6

SOFTWARE INSTALLATION 7

Installation Requirements 7

Program Installation Package 8

DATA COLLECTION DEVICES DRIVERS 9

CODES SERVER PROGRAM 10

Messages and Errors 12

“REALTIME DATA PROCESSING” PROGRAM 13

“System” Screen and Main Controls 13

Data Display Screen Forms 16

Menu Group “Running” 18

Data Processing Start 18
Start of Data Processing From… 18
Termination of Data Processing 18
Turn Off Alarm Signal 19
Turn off Automatic Screens Set Changing 19
Settings of data table by depth 19

Menu Group “Data” 20

Depth Correction 20
Manual Input of Parameters 20
Mud Loss/Gain Corrections 20
Weighing Drilling Tool 21
Kelly Position Correction 21
Review of Lag Data Stack 21
Review of Lag Sample Stack 22
Annular Sections 23
Pipe Sections and Drill String Sections 23
Review D-Exponent and SigmaLog Stack. 23
Bit Run Change 24
Enter Message or Comment Text 25
Send Message To… 25

Menu Group “Well” 26

Well Data 26
Pumps Data 26
Lagged Parameters Equipment 27
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List of Lagged Parameters at Sample Out 28

Mud Data 28
Bit Data 29
Drill String Geometry 30
Well Geometry 31
Casing Geometry 32
Accessories 32
Planned and Actual Well Path 33

Menu Group “Calculations” 34

Calibration of Sensors 34
Sensor Calibration 34
Baseline Point of Calibration 36
Hook Position Calibration 37
Rig Operation 38
Down-hole Operations 38
Criteria for Determining Rig Operation 38
Criteria for Determining Down-hole Operations 38
Calculations Modules 39
ROP Calculations Intervals 40
Absolute Bit RPM 40
Calculation of Mud Flow In/Out 41
Buoyant Weight of Drill String 42
Pit Volume Totalizer 42
Mud Volume Compensation 43
Mud Loss/Gain Control 43
SPP Changing in Time 45
Directional Drilling Calculations 45
Lag Time Calculations 46
Sample Location Control 47
Hydrodynamics Calculations 48
AHFP Zone 50

Menu Group “Database” 52

Parameters Setup 52
List of Saving Parameters 53
Database Setup 54
Current Units Set 54
Edit Current Units 54

Menu Group “Screens” 56

Open Screen 56
Change Active Screen 56
Close Active Screen 56
Replace Active Screen 56

Menu Group “Manager” 57

System Running Setup 57
System Settings of Data Location 57
Edit Units List 57
Model for Determining Downhole Operations 58

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MESSAGES AND ERRORS 59

Mathematical Calculations Errors Codes 59

“WATCHMAN” PROGRAM 61

“CREATE NEW WELL OR SIDE TRACK” PROGRAM 62

Messages and Errors 63

BACKUP AND RESTORE OF THE DTCIS SETTINGS AFTER PC FAILURE OR

REINSTALL SOFTWARE 66
Procedure of Creation of DTCIS Settings Backup Copy 66
Procedure of DTCIS Settings Restoring from Backup Copy 66

APPENDIX А 67

Table of Settings Files 67

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 Copyright 1998-2004, PetroServices GmbH Magdeburg

MUD LOGGING UNIT DTCIS SOFTWARE

DTCIS (Drilling Technology Control Integrated System) is designed for data acquisition,
processing, saving and visualizing in Mud Logging Unit (MLU). Data obtained can be
transferred to remote workplaces on screens of a company manager, a tool pusher, a geologist or
a mud engineer on the rig site.

Mud Logging Unit DTCIS Software integrated with external and build-in devices performs:
• Drilling engineering, gas logging and mud logging control.
• Incoming data processing by standard methods.
• MLU Database realtime files storing.
• Warning on parameters exceeding preset limits and important events.
• Data presentation in standard and user-customized screen forms.
• Events log keeping.
• Access level differentiation concerning Program System Settings.

Rig Monitor Realtime Data Processing

Applications

Program furnishes digital data Data playback, view and

for "Rig Monitor" on drilling site realtime processing

Realtime Data
Processing Program
Data Collection Codes Server
Devices Drivers
Collected data processing,
Program saves on HD coded parameter calculation by
Programs operate with certain
data collected coming from optional methods, transfer of Database of
data collection devices
sensors results to connected programs
connected to sensors Mud Logging
and data saving
in Database of MLU Unit

Watchman Data Processing

Applications of Database

Program keeps protocol of data Data view and processing

acquisition system operations applications in MLU

Software package contains the next programs:

• Data Acquisition Drivers – Programs operating with special equipment and providing
collected data for "Codes Server".
• Codes Server – receives data from driver programs, distributes and saves it in Code base.
• Watchman – keeps events log and protocol of the entire data acquisition and processing
system.
• Realtime Data Processing – processes incoming codes, calculates optional parameters
according to preset methods, saves them in Database of Mud Logging Unit, transmits
realtime data to remote workplaces and displays it on screens.
• Integrated Programs – playback and data viewing in realtime and offline modes, data
processing by optional methods, output and printout of reports, data transfer to the
Client’s office.

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OPERATING REQUIREMENTS
Data Acquisition and Processing System DTCIS requires the following resources for operation
in realtime mode:
• RAM – accommodating all the applicable programs and having buffer reserve not less
than 25% allowing free data exchange.
• Video RAM – allowing speedy windows screening. Program takes some time for data
displaying.
• HDD – enabling data storage for three wells at least (not less than 10 Gb).

General requirements:
• Operating system – Windows 2000 Professional (Service Pack 4 and higher) or higher
versions.
• CPU – Intel Pentium IV – 1600MHz at least.
• RAM – not less than 512Мb.
• Video RAM– not less than 32 Мb.
• Monitor – advisable: 17”-19”.
• Desktop resolution – not less than1024 × 768 pix.
• Color depth – not less than 65 536 colors (16 bit).

PCs should have the following programs installed:

• Microsoft Office 2000 or higher with Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel Programs.
• Archivers RAR, ZIP.

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SOFTWARE INSTALLATION
MLU DTCIS Software directory has the next components:
PetroServices OnLine Root Directory of DTCIS OnLine Project
Database Database by each well
Online Database of actual well
Retro Codes Base
Settings Settings
Store Database of MLU
Well 1 Database of previous well
System General System settings, files and programs
Reference DTCIS References
CDT200 DEP-Format References
Screens Screen forms of data visualization
Document Programs Documentation
Devices Drivers and DTCIS External Devices Programs
DrillerBoard "Rig Monitor" Program
Realtime "Realtime Data Processing" Program
ViewData DTCIS ViewData Program

DTCIS System prohibits running more than one copy of Server Program on one computer. Still
Windows OS security system admits accessing and running several server copies by Users
having different parameters (name, password or level of access). The problem of combining
Windows and the given Program’s operating systems and access control is solved with the
installation steps described further on. This guarantees normal function of the entire Program
complex:

Installation Requirements
1. To unify all Mud Logging Units it’s recommended to comply with the following
requirements during installation:
1.1. On Program’s enquiry for password enter PS. Be sure to enter password correctly
because Windows NT strictly distinguishes between small and capital letters.
1.2. PCs’ names of the MLU local network:
• DTCIS (TCP/IP, address [Link]) – the main server: realtime data processing
PC of MLU with DTCIS full version installed.
• DPIC (TCP/IP, address [Link]) – PC for successive data processing and
interpreting in MLU. It processes, adjusts, previews and edits reports as well as prints
out the data from MLU Database.
• TOOLPUSHER (TCP/IP, address [Link]) – tool pusher workplace.

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• COMPANYMAN (TCP/IP address [Link]) – workplace of company

representative.
• WSGEOLOG (TCP/IP address [Link]) – geologist workplace.
• MUDENGINEER (TCP/IP address [Link]) – workplace of mud engineer.

2. On all PCs with DTCIS Program components installed enter in Windows under the name
“Administrator” and with the password assigned on p. 1.1. Herewith the main data
acquisition server DTCIS allows the all network PCs the same access level to resources and
Program run. Thus we comply with DCOM safety requirements and provide for adequate
interface between various applications setup on the drill site local network PCs.

3. All the network PCs configurated with the main server must have the same standard network
access parameters:
User name – Administrator.
User password – PS.
Member of – Administrators.

Program Installation Package

Press key in the left lower corner of Desktop to load the distributive from CD. Click
and select with “View” button the installation file from CDROM:\Dtcis [Link]
distributive. Next to this follows installation of Program by steps.

If there are DTCIS components already setup on PC

then Program will automatically locate them and also
the group name on Desktop. Installation packages
create operating programs list and place it over
key. This makes access to DTCIS applications much
easier.

Note: The software uses BDE (Borland Database Engine) for linking with parameter references directory, well
settings as well as for certain internal functions. During installation the following alias datasets are created:

DTCIS_Reference – references directory “PetroServices OnLine\Reference”

DTCIS_System – system running directory “PetroServices OnLine \System”
DTCIS_Screens – data screen forms directory“PetroServices OnLine \Screens”
DTCIS_Retro – actual well online database codes directory “PetroServices OnLine \Database\Online\Retro”
DTCIS_Setup – actual well online setup directory “PetroServices OnLine \Database\Online\Setup”
DTCIS_Store – actual well online database store directory “ PetroServices OnLine \Database\Online\Store”

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DATA COLLECTION DEVICES DRIVERS

These are the drivers supporting data acquisition devices of DTCIS or other devices sets
compatible with this Program.

1. Designation of function buttons and menu items:

1.1. – Connection to “Codes Server” Program. The button pressed during Program
running indicates connection interruption and simultaneous attempt of connection
restore.
1.2. – Connection to “Codes Server” Program is set and data is coming in. Time changes
of the incoming data are indicated in the left lower corner of the window.
1.3. – Connection with data collection device via serial communication port defined in the
settings.
1.4. – Interruption of connection with data collection device.
1.5. – Setting connection via serial communication port the data collection device is
connected to.
1.6. – Depth meter adjustment.
2. Set of starting keys in the command line:
2.1. /ID=000 – Input the device identification number by which “Codes Server” Program
registers and recognizes driver programs. To do this, use the key in the command line of
the driver program properties shortcut and in “Start manager” Program settings. 000
value is the device identifier in the data acquisition system (for details refer the driver
specifications).
2.2. /Title=Program Caption – For input of the device name into Program caption use this
key. It’s necessary since a single driver program can support more than one similar
devices, what during simultaneous work of several devices under the same names leads
to confusion.
2.3. /AutoStart – For automatic starting of Program for collection and transmission of data
use the key.
3. Location and designation style on the screen. Each driver has an individual icon on the
taskbar, which is opened or closed by double click on it with the left mouse button.
4. Drivers have no pop-up menus and, if such is available, the command “Close application” is
not executable (it is accessible only in the main menu). Neither there must be a key for
window closure in the right upper corner. It prevents any accidental deactivation of the driver
what leads to data loss from the given device.
5. Connection settings dialog is called by pressing button on the toolbar. It’s the standard
dialog for the data acquisition and processing system.
5.1. For connection with “Codes Server” select the PC name by pressing button or enter it
directly (if the driver is installed on the same PC as the data acquisition system this
window is empty).
5.2. For connection with a data collection device connected via the serial communication
port select the port number from the combo box or set connection parameters with
“Advanced” button if necessary.

In operating mode all the driver windows must be minimized to tray icons on the
taskbar so as to spare PC resources and screen area of excessive information. The
driver programs windows are minimized automatically when they are inactive for 5
minutes.

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CODES SERVER PROGRAM

Program is designed to receive codes from the driver programs, to save them in Codebase in a
determined time mode and to provide these codes for the code processing programs connected.
This is a driver program started automatically on Client’s enquiry for connection with a driver or
online data processing. A single “Codes Server” must be run in common for the entire data
acquisition system. At inability to fill the requirements of the connected “Codes Server” Program
sends a code of rejection reason.

Time of saving in Number of next record in Interval of record relative to

Codes Base Codes Base previous interval

Codebase is a looped binary file created for codes storage within the set time interval. Initial size
of the file ranges up to 1-week time by the time interval of 1 second. This is a in-system file with
the format inherent only to this Program. The file size is designed for storage of up to 100
collection channels parameters.

During starting of “Codes Server” the availability and size of

Codebase is checked. If it’s missing or its size doesn‘t correspond
to the current settings Program clears all the previous items and
creates new Codebase. If required Program inquires confirmation
for execution of actions, which may lead to data loss in
Codebase. Writing in Codebase is performed according to the
steps preset in settings. The step determines the minimal time
interval between records. Codebase size as total records is
calculated from the next formula:
loop _ size(sec)
N=
codes _ record _ int erval (sec)

For example, (see Fig.) writing in Codebase is executable if data from the write synchronizing
server came in within 1000±10 msec interval. In the settings file [Link] this data looks
like as:

[Codes]
Codebase Size, recs=604800 ; code records amount(in 1 week)
Write Interval, ms=1000 ; write interval(msec)
Write Accuracy, ms=0 ; write accuracy(msec)
Write Through=0 ; direct write on disk(0-no, 1=yes)

Properties Settings dialog is called with right mouse button click in Program window.

Codes Server Program has two modes of data-codes writing in Codebase:

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• On the event of new data coming in from any driver. Then the other data addressed to other
devices will be written from the latest saved data packets. For this it’s necessary to set in
“Properties” dialog synchronizing device to “no”.

In this case none of the device drivers should send any data faster than once in 200-
500 msec (it depends on the PC capacity and the video-adapter speed). Otherwise the
processing program won’t cope with such a bulk of data.

• On the data coming in from the synchronizing device. In this case writing in the Codebase is
performed only when the data has come from the synchronizing device. For this it’s
necessary to set synchronizing device other than to “no” in “Properties” dialog. In this case
a device has to be selected which is permanently connected and secures trouble free data
acquisition in required sufficient intervals. Otherwise should any malfunction occur all
the data coming from other devices will be irrevocably lost. When the synchronizing device
indicates the time point of data collection then the data coming from other devices will be
connected to this particular time.

“Codes Server” recognizes and registers driver by their unique identifier the driver sends off
after connection is set. While a driver being connected the following operations take place:

• If the driver with a certain identifier exists in “Codes Server” register then the inquired code
interval is checked. In case the inquired code interval is greater than registered one the server
attempts to extend it automatically.
• If the driver with the given identifier is not found in “Codes Server” register then the server
seeks contiguous area of the inquired code interval for this driver. In case there’s no space
required the server registers the driver in the maximum admissible code interval.

The Client is returned its code interval size or the error code. Writing in the settings file
[Link] of driver register stands as:

[ID32767] ; driver identificator

Name = Codes emulator ; driver name
From Channel = 1 ; from channel #
To Channel = 39 ; up to channel #

“Codes Server” changes the actual channel numbering in the driver for logical one from 1 to 100.
Herewith shifting of channel numbers occurs only while channel sequence order in the collection
device remains intact.
1 39 40 50 51 100
Collection device 1 Collection device 2 Free channels

FROM THIS POINT ON PROGRAM DOESN’T TERMINATE REALTIME MODE! Data

has been collected and stored on Codebase. Codes are used by the data codes processing
programs operating factually in online mode, the main of which is “Realtime Data Processing”
Program. Each of the connected programs has individual settings and is independent of each
other.

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Program’s window opens or closes with double click of the left mouse button on icon in the
taskbar.

“Codes Server” window is minimized to tray icon in the taskbar in proper program
function.

Messages and Errors

Unknown location of Codebase – the alias Codebase DTCIS_Retro location is not entered in the
data collection system settings, parameter PATH in settings is absent or referred to inexistent
directory. It’s probable when:
• “Codes Server” was loaded not from the distributive.
• Windows was started with access parameters belonging another user (name and
password) what made Program settings inaccessible.
• Directory PetroServices OnLine\Database\Online\Retro deleted.

Open Error Codebase– existing file of Codebase does not open if:
• There’s no required free space.
o The existing file of Codebase is occupied by another program operating in
individual mode.
Codebase Inconsistency – Codebase size mismatch with designed size is detected. It’s possible
only at file system inconsistency leading to data loss on disk. Close all Programs operating and
start checking disk.

Codebase Size Changed – Codebase size fixed in settings mismatches the size on disk. This may
occur when “Codes Server” settings are changed or settings file is lost.

Codebase Is Not Created – attempt to create new Codebase is denied. It’s possible when there’s
no free space on disk.

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“REALTIME DATA PROCESSING” PROGRAM

This is Main Program in the entire data acquisition and processing system. This Program in
particular creates and loads Database of MLU and serves connected programs and remote
workplaces with online data.

Program is designed for:

• Receiving of codes from “Codes Server”. The base parameter is “Time of data
collection” parameter by which position of data reading from Database is sought;
• Sensor codes converted into physical values from calibration data;
• Calculations of technological and other parameters made by the standard methods.
• Storage and saving of the obtained results in the Database of MLU.
• Realtime data visualization on the screens of MLU and remote workplaces as well as
online data.

This is a server program that is a single program must be run for the entire data acquisition and
processing system. But unlike the servers mentioned above this Program doesn’t start
automatically (the option is not available). Program operates factually in online mode (online
mode doesn’t terminate when “Codes Server” stored the data in Codebase) that is it keeps with
and operates in realtime mode.

Automatic Program start and simultaneous starting of data collection and processing is executed
with /AutoStart key in the command line or shortcut properties.

“System” Screen and Main Controls

“System” screen is program fixed screen displaying the operations of the data processing PC.

Main Menu of Program is designed to call the settings dialogs for data collecting control. The
main menu groups include:
Running – contains turn on/off items for Codebase processing.
Data – contains items for view and correction of calculations.
Well – contains items for a well, drill string and required equipment description.
Calculations – contains items providing for the received data processing
Database – contains items providing for parameter status control and saving in Database of
MLU.
Screens – contains items for addition, replacing and closing screen forms of data
visualization.
Manager – special item accessible only to the data acquisition system administrator.
Help – select of access level and information about Program.

More closely these groups and items are dealt with further on.

Technological Panel – shows the main current parameters: “Time of data collection”, “Total
depth”, “Bit depth”, “True vertical depth”, “Downhole operation” and “Rig operation”. This
panel cannot be covered by any other screen thus providing for continuous control over data
parameters.

Quick Access Panel (Toolbar) – is designed for speedy correction of the main technological
functions:
The drill string lift by 1 – button is used for lowering (drill string lifting) the parameter
value “Bit depth” by 1 meter (foot).
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The drill string pull down onto bottomhole – button is used for quick drill string pulling
down onto bottomhole required because of errors of the depth sensors or if there’re depth
indication failures due to faulty determination of operation.
The drill string drop by 1 – button is used for increasing (drill string dropping) parameter
value “Bit depth” by 1 meter (foot).

Manual setting of trip direction – button is used to manual set of trip direction.
Weighing drilling tool – button permits quick access to the dialog for weighing of the
drilling tool (after connection, for instance) or for correction of “Weight of drill string”
parameter.
Кelly position correction – button calls dialog for “Kelly position” on condition that this
parameter is actually the sensor readings. Correction results from automatic conversion
of the code offset received from the depth sensor to the calibration parameter “Kelly
position” – to the calibration parameter change in fact.
Complete cycle remaining – button calls
dialog for mudflow control indicating
the actual mud volume pumped through
drillstring and annular volumes. After
pumping comes sound signal and text,
which is recorded in data sets by time. It
is displayed both in MLU and remote
Client’s workstations.

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Reset of Mud Loss/Gain control – button is designed for zeroing parameters of mud
gain/loss sensors.
Reset of pump strokest totalizer – button is designed for zeroing readings of pump strokes
counters.
Reset of totalt bit RPM – button is designed for zeroing readings of bit revolution
counters.
Reset of Ton-Mile calculation – button is designed for zeroing readings of Ton-Mile
parameters.

Enter the text of message or comment – the text entered in this dialog is written in data
sets by time and displayed in graphs fields of screen forms both in MLU and remote
Client’s workstations. This text will be screened for data preview.
Send message to another computer of the network – the text containing PCs list entered in
this dialog will be transferred to them as separated window. This text cannot be saved in
Database!

Fixed Screens Activation Buttons. They activate the indicated screen that is bring it to the front
panel. All the fixed screens indicated in the button list are filled by data simultaneously and
regardless of whether you see it on the front panel or not.

Data Processing – demonstrates current data processing along with timing.

Green eye – normal status of data processing.
Yellow eye – data processing is on but there’s no connection to “Codes Server”.
Red eye – data processing is off.
Fulfillment time rates in short time intervals are shown according to the colors of digital time
values in the fulfillment time boxes. The other parameters determinate the following:
Codes interval – determines codes coming rate in seconds.
Time of calculation – time of calculation cycle in seconds.
Time for database – duration of data writing cycle into the Database of MLU in seconds.
Internal visualization – time of screen filling with data in seconds.
Total cycle time – demonstrates data processing time of the full cycle including all the factors
affecting Program run time.

The following 3 eyes indicate active data saving in the Database of MLU:
Green eye – normal data saving.
Yellow eye – Program is ready for data saving in the selected dataset, but operator in the
dialog “Database\Database Setup” declined saving.
Red eye – no connection to Database as data processing is put off.

Emergency Data Saving – it’s a special feature of Program, which in the given time interval set
in the dialog “Database\Database Setup” saves all the necessary parameters. It provides for the
data protection on event of Program freeze or PC power supply interruption. The eyes flashing
imply the signals as shown above.

The boxes “Memory” and ”Disk:\” indicate free space in RAM and on the disk at the present
moment. Red box line signifies 10% free space what implies necessity to relieve PC resources of
superfluous programs and data on the given disk.

External Data Visualization – demonstrates Program operations providing external programs

and remote workplaces with realtime data. – Red eye signals absence of client-programs
connected. At query for connection this feature is automatically activated. Parameters of the

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connected programs are cited in the table called by button (it is activated even if a single
Client connected is available). Dialog for external data visualization:
Application title – text sent by the application. Usually it’s the application title.
Computer – PC name Program operates on.
List – number of parameters in the list of data sent.
Changes – enquiry command of Program. Only changed parameters are to be sent.
Auto-data – enquiry command for automatic data send-off to Program (the connected
program waits for the data only and needs no query or confirmation).
Events – the Client events server connected allowing for two-end data exchange.
Creation period – the time the sender took up for the last data transfer. This value reflects
also a frequency the remote program is able to accept data with.
Error counter – number of connection and data transfer errors of the remote program.

List of Events and Errors – shows the latest events and errors of Program operation. Maximum
number of rows is set in the dialog ”Manager\System Run Setup”. If the “Automatic Show of
Last Message” is marked cursor automatically moves to a newly created row. The last message
is always shown in the status bar at the bottom of the screen.

Rig Operation Time – shows the total times for all rig operations, which was during well
drilling.

Downhole Operation Time – shows the total times for all down-hole operations at bit run and
well drilling.

Data Display Screen Forms

Program supports the loaded data display screen forms created on the base of Program series
ViewData designed for displaying of practically all the parameters sets in Program. Screen set is
adjusted in accord with a downhole or rig operation and changes automatically with it. Some of
the screen forms are presented below:

“Collection” – this screen displays the most

complete view of the data acquisition and
processing system – DTCIS. The general
technological parameters, mud parameters and gas
logging parameters are presented here in digital
form. The main technological sensors (hook load,
standpipe pressure, rotary speed per minute and
rotary torque) are also represented in graphs for 1
hour. Figure to the right shows kelly position.

“Pit monitor 1” – the screen contains the full

information on mud circulation. Pits volumes are
shown in 7 tanks in digital form and graphs (curve
color corresponds background color of the tanks
for 1 hour). All the parameters depicting in any
way mud circulation are presented in digital forms.
The initial data and calculations results made from
“mud gain/loss” method in the time and depth

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interval and total also are most completely represented here.

“Hydraulic 1” the screen shows the initial data

and hydrodynamics calculations for annular
circulation and also represent changing dynamics
of “Equivalent Circulating Density”.

“Zone of AHFP” – the screen demonstrates

calculations from “methods of AHFD zones
determination”. The parameters values are
presented in digital forms and in graphs
(background color of digital values corresponds
graphs color).

“Tripping 1” – the screen comprises the complete

parameters control set for tripping. Parameters are
presented in digital forms and in graphs.

“Casing 1” – the screen contains complete

parameters set of casing. Parameters are presented
in digital and graphs forms.

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Menu Group “Running”

The group combines menu items relating to Program functions of collection and processing of
incoming data.

It is strongly recommended that this menu items were used only on inputting all the
initial data as well as after calibration of all the sensors listed, in other case data will
be stored in Database and become generally accessible what will lead to confusion!

Data Processing Start

The item starts all the menu groups and services responsible for data collection, processing,
saving and displaying of the data on screens. When lagging behind realtime mode program starts
gaining it. The last saved “Time of data collection” parameter value is the starting point for
Program. The parameter is located in the left upper corner of “Technological panel”.

After starting it is strongly recommended to check for all necessary eyes in “System” screen
turned on: activated connection with “Codes Server”, saving in Database, size of free space in
memory and on disk. It’s also advisable to keep control for some time over the events list
whether any errors come up during parameter calculations.

Start of Data Processing From…

When using this item make sure that your steps are correct as the data skipped cannot
be recovered!

This item is executable likewise the preceding one after pressing ”Start” command. Still before
that you may skip some data set.
Start position of Real-time position
processing
interval

Data position
Sliding bar

Moving the track bar or changing date and time you set the starting position for data processing.
On pressing “Start” command the dialog selects the time chosen by you as the starting position
and will execute automatically the next menu item.

Termination of Data Processing

The item relies command to all the services to terminate data processing. At this point the
emergency data saving service is activated to record the latest parameter values. On completion

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of the termination cycle Program becomes controllable. Take time and wait till all the operations
are ended.

Turn Off Alarm Signal

This item enables controlling output of parameters exceeding limits. By default alarm signal is
turned on. It can be switched off for 1, 3, 5 10 minutes. After elapse of the setup period alarm
swathes on automatically.

Turn off Automatic Screens Set Changing

The program automatically, at change of rig operation, changes list of screens according to the
enumeration of the list at the previous using of this rig operation. At activation of this menu item
the program use the current list of screens as initial and does not change this up to a cancel of
option.

Settings of data table by depth

Dialog is designed for depth data table setup, which can be displayed in screen form. This is
performed inserting object-table in screen form and selecting image type “Data parameters by
depth”.

To Use Sample Control Depths for Adding

Data Rows – this flag indicates
synchronization of depth counting with
sampling start depth.

Output Step of Table Rows – depth data

processing interval and adding new lines in
table.

Rows Count of Table Heading – setting up

table caption height in textual lines.
Maximum Rows Count – maximum number
of lines in table.

Parameters Tables – creating list, order and

data values processing mode output in table.
Data values are processed with modes
presented below. They are displayed at the
moment of line creating (adding next value
to be processed when adding a record in
depth data file.
• Actual – instant parameter value.
• Minimum – minimal value in line creation interval.
• Maximum – maximal value in line creation interval.
• Average – sliding average value in line creation interval.
• Summation – total instant parameter values in line creation interval.

Menu item is activated if “Table by depth: Header” and “Table by depth: Row data” parameters
is in the list. To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

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Menu Group “Data”

This menu group comprises items designed for viewing and correction of parameters during data
processing.

Depth Correction
By means of this dialog the depth correction is carried out what may be executed if the
calculation is made with regard to the changed “Kelly position” parameter value. The parameter
status indicated in the dialog should be “ Calculated”.

In “Drilling and Tripping” boxes when changing parameter

value or going to another one the rest of parameters (related to
the corrected parameter) are calculated automatically. These
parameters are not involved in casing as they are replaced by the
other parameters of the given technological operation.

In ”Casing” box “Shoe depth” parameter is used in drilling

necessary for hydraulic calculations determining open hole (not
cased) length. When setting the casing the parameter “Shoe
depth” is equal to the parameter “Total depth” while “Casing
depth” (“Shoe depth”) equals the “Bit depth”.

Menu item is activated if “Total depth” parameter is in the list. When the parameter is absent in
the parameter list then its box is having dark background. To save changes press ”OК”. To
cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Manual Input of Parameters

This dialog serves to input parameter values having the status “ ”Manual” and value type –
digital (defined in DTCIS references).

Only the input window “Current Value” is to

be filled in. The changed value is instantly
saved in the dialog. To do that you need only to Input window
shift with buttons “↑” up or “↓” down to
another value box. With pressing button “OK”
the value in the box is also saved but herewith
the window closes.

The tick “Sort by Name” is changed for white

color or text with click of the left mouse button.
If the mark is set parameters are sorted by names in alphabetic order or alternatively by internal
unique codes in Database.

To save changes press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press

“Cancel”.

Mud Loss/Gain Corrections

The dialog is designed for parameter changes from the
method “Calculations\Calculation for mud gain/loss”.

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When changing the parameter value “Instantaneous totalizer for current rig operation” mud
control is deactivated for the period set by the method.

The menu item is activated if the parameter “Mud gain/loss in current rig operation” is in the
list. To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Weighing Drilling Tool

The button calls the dialog for setting the parameter “Weight of Drillstring” necessary for the
parameter value» Weight on Bit” calculations.

At first when data processing is off in the value box

against yellow background the current “Hook load”
sensor readings light up. From this point on the two
variants are possible:
1. If you acknowledge the sensor readings press “OK”.
2. If the sensor value seems erroneous then:
2.1. Click once with left mouse button in the value box
– the background color changes for weight.
2.2. Enter the value you want and press “OK”.

Menu item is activated when the parameters “Weight of drilstring”, “Hook load” and “Time of
data collection” stand in the list. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Kelly Position Correction

The button calls the dialog for kelly position correction. This dialog is used only with the
parameter “Kelly position” available as a function of “ Sensor”.

Initially when data processing is off the current sensor

readings value “Hook load” lights up in the value
box against yellow background. To correct the value
click once with left mouse button in the value box:
the background color changes for white. Enter the
value you want and press “OK”. Program will
recalculate offset of the zero code according to the
calibration data and save the new calibration on disk.

Menu item is activated when the parameters “Kelly

position” (sensor) and “Calibration data” stand in
the list. To save changes press ”OК”. To cancel the
changes press “Cancel”.

Review of Lag Data Stack

The dialog allows for viewing and correction if necessary the lag data stack dependant on the
parameter value “Lag time” calculated from the method “Calculations\Lag Time calculations”.
According to the lag points Program connects corresponding parameters to the lag time of depth
points in the lag data stack.

The control table consists of the 3 columns: on hole surface, after gas line and after
chromatograph.
• N – record number of depth point where lag parameters are to be written.

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• Depth – depth corresponding to the record number.

• Lag Time – time remaining till the control point (H:MM:SS).
Lag data on the surface Lag data after gas line Lag data
after chromatograph

It’s necessary for lag sample control that the next resulting parameters had the status “
Calculated” :
• Expected time of lag depth exit to surface
• Lag time of gas
• Expected time of lag depth exit from gas line
• Lag depth after gas line
• Expected time of lag depth exit from chromatograph
• Lag depth after chromatograph

The menu item is activated if the parameter ‘Total depth” is in the list. Dialog is closed with
clicking of the left mouse button on located in the right upper corner.

Lag time of depth point value is changed by double click of

the left mouse button on the value you want to change. The
dialog “Lag time of depth point” appears on the screen. Enter
new lag time of depth point value. Be sure to adhere to the
given value format!

To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Review of Lag Sample Stack

Dialog is designed for preview and correction if necessary of parameters marks shifting binding
by time of lag sample. Dialog control and requirements of it are analogous to the preceding menu
item. The initial parameters of sample control are described in dialog ”Calculations \ Sample
Location Control”.

Control table consists of 3 columns:

• N – depth point sequence number
• Depth – depth point of sample
• Time – time remaining till the hole surface point

In the left table sample marks are indicated binding parameter list in the dialog ”Sample
parameters bindings”.

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It’s necessary for lag sample control that the

next resulting parameters had the status “
Calculated” :
• Lag time of sample
• Lag strokes of sample
• Lag time of sample
• Expected time of sample exit
• Expected depth of sample

The menu item is activated if the parameter ‘Total depth” is in the list. Dialog is closed with
clicking of the left mouse button on located in the right upper corner.

Annular Sections
This window demonstrates dividing of the well annular volume into sections of equal diameter.
Dividing is realized from the data “Well\Drill
string geometry”, “Well\Well Geometry”,
”Total depth” and ”Bit depth”. This dialog
allows no corrections.

The menu item is accessible during data

processing on and if the parameter “Annular
sections” is in the list. Dialog is closed with
clicking of the left mouse button on located
in the right upper corner.

Pipe Sections and Drill String Sections

These two windows show dividing
of drill tool into sections of the same
diameter. Dividing is done from the
data of “Well\Drill String
Geometry” and ”Bit depth”. This
dialog allows no corrections.

The menu item is accessible during

data processing on and if the
parameters “Pipe sections” and ”Drill string sections” are in the list. Dialog is closed with
clicking of the left mouse button on located in the right upper corner.

Review D-Exponent and SigmaLog Stack.

For trend calculations by methods “Calculations\Zone of AHFP” Program stores bulks of
necessary values. The dialogs let preview and delete the data. Deleting of some data elements is
required for obviously incorrect values exclusion (originating from various technological events)
from analysis and calculations.

Dialog lines have colors shown in the Figure.

To delete wrong value lines mark them and press

”Delete rows” and exit from the dialog pressing
”OK”. The mark and delete keys are in the tool
bar to the left:

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– Delete lines.
– Cancel line deleting.
– Invert marked lines.

Table lines are marked in 3 ways:

• With mouse: press and hold “Shift” key on the keyboard to mark the lines. Press the
left mouse button and holding it move the cursor along the lines to be deleted. On
marking release both the key and the button. Thus you can mark unbroken line interval.
• With keyboard: pres and hold ”Shift” key and move the cursor with keys ”↓, ↑, Home,
End, Page Up, Page Down”. You can release ”Shift” key the move over to the other
place and continue marking. The preceding marking keeps intact. In this fashion you
can mark several line intervals at a time.

The menu item is activated if the parameter “Total depth” is in the list. To save changes in
Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Bit Run Change

The dialog is designed for manual changing of bit run or file numbers registered by time. It’s
required, for example, at the registration start of data of the well being drilled at the moment or
when the bit run is very prolonged in time to make data survey more convenient.

Take into account: number of data file cannot be lesser than number of bit run.
Normally a number of bit run corresponds a number of data file. This ensures
convenient data search.

Bit run number changing is permitted in increasing order only as the bit runs with the lesser
number may already exist in Database. Bit run change involves:
• Clearing of bit run parameters (total pump strokes, time points, etc.).
• Clearing of gas and sample control data.
• Saving of all the current parameter values.
• Creation of new data files to be stored in Database.

If the parameter status is “ Calculated” Program

automatically increases number of bit run and
number of data file by 1 and starts new bit run when
changing technological operation from “Tripping” to
“Bit Change”. Bit depth before that must exceed half of
the total depth. Boundary line between statuses is set in
“Calculations\Criteria of Determining Rig Operations”
menu.

Data file changing also is allowed in increasing order

only. Simultaneously Program checks for existing file
with the same number.

“OK” button is activated if there were any adjustments (and if correct ones) in the dialog. The
menu items are activated if “Bit Run No” parameter stands in the list. To save changes in
Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

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Enter Message or Comment Text

The text entered in this dialog will be written in data sets by
time and displayed in graphs field of screen forms both in
MLU and remote Client’s workstations. The same text is
displayed for data review,

Only one line text without special format symbols can be

entered.

Send Message To…

The text with indicated PCs list entered in this dialog will
be sent to them as separate window. The text is not saved in
Database.

Line shift and tabulation can be used for text input.

The entered PCs list is saved Program settings and is loaded

at repeated calling this dialog. Only one line text without
special format symbols can be entered.

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Menu Group “Well”

The group contains items for data input describing of the well and the employed equipment. In
one part it is the planned well data, the other part specifies the equipment available, the third part
is filled out during testing of the drilled well.

Well Data
The dialog contains information on the well necessary for reports printing and data
identification. It’s desirable to fill out all the set positions from the start or in the course of well
drilling at least.
Positions description:
• Well information:
o Rig – type of rig;
o Company – client company or rig owner;
o Field – field name;
o Location – region or nearest city;
o Country – country name;
o Service Company – contractor;
o Depth Datum – starting point of well
depth measuring: seabed, land or sea
surface. The universally accepted starting
drilling point is rotary table.
o Well Identifier – well identification in the list;
o Cluster – cluster name or number;
o Well name – well name or number;
o Longitude (West-East) – well longitude or displacement to west or east from the datum
mark;
o Latitude (South-North) – well latitude or displacement to south or east from the datum
mark;
o Ground Level – distance from rotary table to land or sea surface;
o Sea Depth – noted for offshore rigs.
• Planned bottomhole location data (from project well data):
o Planned Vertical Depth – planned vertical (true) depth of the well;
o Horizontal Displacement of Bottomhole– planned horizontal displacement of the hole
from the head;
o Geographical azimuth of Bottomhole– planned azimuth of the hole in relation to the
head;
o Radius of target of the Bottomhole– planned target radius allowable for the actual hole;
o Formation Thickness – height (tolerance) of corridor (bed) for hole horizontal pass.
• Mud Logging Unit – unit designation or unique mark collecting data.
• Rig Cost – drilling cost per hour necessary for total cost calculation.

The menu items are activated if “Well information” and “Planned well path” parameters stand
in the list. To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Pumps Data
The dialog is for inputting data of the pumps engaged in mud circulation. Program supports up to
4 pumps data. The data is implemented in calculating of mudflow in and out in the absence of
the required sensors. The accordingly mudflow values are used in:
• Calculations for turbodrill revolutions.
• Calculations for sample lag time parameters.

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• Calculations for hydrodynamics parameters.

• Complete cycle control.

Used for Mud Flow In – this flag indicates that certain pump is involved drilling mud
circulation.
Pump Type – determines pump function mode in accord to which calculation of its capacity is
performed.
Pump Geometry Parameters – these parameters are applied for pump chamber volume and its
capacity per stroke.

The menu items are activated if “Pumps data” parameter stands in the list. To save changes in
Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Lagged Parameters Equipment

The dialog is designed for parameters input of the employed gas logging equipment and for
compiling the lists of the lag depth connection parameters. Parameter values are set in lag depth
data by lag time calculated in “Calculations\ Lag Time Calculations” item with regard to
lagging values pointed out in the dialog.

In the box “Gas line” the gas sample lag time in a gas line is entered. This is required for more
precise connection of the parameters measured after gas line that is directly in the MLU.

In the box
“Chromatograph” the
chromatograph cycle and
backflash time
parameters are to input.
It’s necessary for more
precise connection of
gas components to the
lag depth. At high
drilling speeds
chromatograph can test
several gas control
points in one cycle. They
are having the same values in the result of the identical measurements values at these points.

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Program controls also air plugs in the gas line when circulation is put off. To do it the parameter
value “Backflash time” must be greater than 0. At the zero value air plug control is off.

Lag Parameters List is set depending on the parameters measured. Maximum parameters
number in each list is 40. You can select any parameter from Program list, which saved to the
database.
• To change the existing parameter just click the left mouse button on it and select any
parameter from the list.
• To add/insert new parameter or to delete the existing one click the right mouse button on
the line you want in its place. Pop-up menu appears on the screen with values to select.

The menu items are activated if “Lag time of gas”, “Delay in gas line”, “Chromatograph
cycle”, and “Backflash time” parameters stand in the list. To save changes in Program press
”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

List of Lagged Parameters at Sample Out

Dialog is designed for setting up list of parameters bound to samples depth lag. Parameter values
are written in depth data set with regard to lag time of sampling.

List of Lag Parameters are set depending on the

parameters measured. Maximum parameters
number in each list is 40. You can select any
parameter from Program list, which saved to the
database.
• To change the existing parameter just
click the left mouse button on it and select any parameter from the list.
• To add/insert new parameter or to delete the existing one click the right mouse button on
the line you want in its place. Pop-up menu appears on the screen with values to select.

The menu items are activated if “Lag Sample Time” parameter stand in the list. Parameter
changes are saved with ”OК” button. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Mud Data
The dialog is for mud data input. It’s strongly recommended to operate with the mud parameters
furnished by the mud engineer as
often as possible because mud
characteristics are involved in many
calculations, which precision is
substantially dependant on them.

The next parameter values are

required to do calculations:
• Mud weight (density) in;
• Plastic viscosity;
• Yield point.

The other parameters are not used

in Program and are of no essential
importance. Still they are made use
of in reports on the well so all the

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parameters should be input.

The menu items are activated if “Mud data” parameter stands in the list. To save changes in
Program press ”OК”. To cancel – press “Cancel”.

Bit Data
The dialog allows inputting current bit parameters. With “Bit Run No” parameter status in the
parameter status “ Calculated” when Program changes operation from “Bit change” to
“Tripping” that is when Program acknowledges tripping start the bit run number is automatically
increased by 1 and the dialog is called up. The bit parameters are used in many calculations so be
sure to comply with Program requirements.

• Run Reason – text line reflecting the current

trip aim.
• Tooth Type – select from the combo-box.
Depending on that there come corresponding
prompts on the bit wear parameters required for
such calculations as “Zone of AHFP\D-Exp
Method”.
• Factory No – bit manufacture mark, which is
necessary for future data estimation in Office.
• Bit Label – bit trademark.
• Bit Number – sequence number of bit
employed. It can differ from trip number. For
example some previous bit was assigned No 5.
It was changed but its resource was not worked
out and it can be used again. So this bit is
assigned the previous number implying the
second or third trip 5R or 5-2.
• Bit Diameter – outer bit diameter. This value is used for:
o Dividing of annular volume into sections of the same diameter.
o Determination of AHFP zones.
o Hydrodynamics parameters calculations.
o Mud gain/loss control.
• Bit Weight – bit weight parameter is used in drill string weight calculation.
• Bit Cost – bit cost makes part in rig cost calculation.
• Nozzles – it’s necessary for nozzles area calculation in hydrodynamics calculations.
• Nozzles Area – it’s input or calculated automatically starting from nozzles diameters by
“Square” button.
• Nozzle efficiency coefficient – when calculating nozzle area the coefficient of nozzles wear
is used, which depends on their state. This value equals 1 for ideal case, but in actual practice
this value varies from 0.95 to 0.80. The calculated or ideal nozzles area value is to be
corrected with regard to this coefficient.
• Bit Wear Parameters – it’s necessary to account for bit wear in AHFP determination
method. If this value is not specified then bit wear is not taken into account.

The menu items are activated if “Bit data” and ”Bit run No” parameters stand in the list. To
save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

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Drill String Geometry

The represents a number of functions required for drill string geometry parameters input where
every individual component longer than 10 cm is entered. Pipe No doesn’t vary in the table and
it is numbered automatically.

Drill string geometry input begins with the bit or the first component going after it.
Then the bottom components of the drill string and drill pipes are to be entered.
IT IS THE ENTIRE DRILL STRING SPECIFICATION AND NOT
SOME PART OF IT!!!
The total length of drill string must be not less than “Total depth” parameter value but
much better if greater than that. The program determines automatically the string’s
working part enlisted in the moment.

Entry of each drill string component lets reliably verify the number of pipes and stands in the
well, weight and volume of individual sections and of the entire drill string. Program determines
the number of pipes and stands in the following way: after connection Program checks the
number of pipes from the list run to the current drill string (bit) depth with regard to the kelly
position rounding off the total length with a precision of half pipe length. So on defining the
number of the last pipe Program includes in the data also the number of its stand from the list of
this dialog.

Bottom Column Assembly

differs from drillstring by
stand number, i.e. if stand
number is 0 then the given
Bottom Column Assembly is
other than drillstring’s.

In the right lower corner the

growing length of pipes is
calculated from the
beginning to the line the
cursor is on.

The changed value is

instantly saved in the dialog with shifting of the input box to the next component with keys
“↑”up “↓” down, “Alt→”, “Alt←”, “Home, End, PgUp, PgDn”. “OK” button pressed saves
the value in the input box but the dialog closes with it.

Mark, copy, insert and delete buttons are on the toolbar to the left:
– Cut the marked lines in buffer.
– Copy the marked lines in buffer.
– Insert the lines from buffer in cursor position.
– Delete the marked lines.
– Cancel line marking.
– Invert line marking.

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Table lines are marked in 3 ways:

• With mouse: press and hold “Shift” key on the keyboard to mark the lines. Press the left
mouse button and holding it move the cursor along the lines to be deleted. On marking
release both the key and the button. Thus you can mark unbroken line interval.
• With keyboard: pres and hold ”Shift” key and move the cursor with keys ”↓, ↑, Home,
End, Page Up, Page Down”. You can release ”Shift” key the move over to the other place
and continue marking. The preceding marking keeps intact. In this fashion you can mark
several line intervals at a time.

You can add lines by the whole intervals by means of marking and the said keys and then only
correct the pipes length. For example:
• Mark line interval.
• Copy the marked lines in buffer with button.
• Shift cursor in the table on the line the copied lines are to be inserted (better if cursor is
on the extreme left column).
• Insert lines in cursor position with button. The lines will match the buffer size. This
step can be repeated as much as required.

To register the same pipes interval use also

“Interval” button calling the dialog “To register
interval”, where:
• In the box ”To register pipe data” put in
the number interval of the pipes you want
to input as the same data.
• Mark the points you want to input.
• Enter pipes data for this interval.
• Press “OK” to input in the table.

Drill string geometry data are used in:

• Dividing drill string into sections of the
same diameter.
• Pipes sections and drill string sections
volume calculations.
• Determination of pipes and stands number in the well and on surface.

In its turn the said parameters are implemented in different calculations methods built in
Program: hydrodynamics, lag gas and sample control calculations, mud gain/loss control, string
depth correction from pipes data, etc.

The menu items are activated if “Drill string geometry” parameter stands in the list. To save
changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Well Geometry
In this dialog is used for inner well construction. Only the inner casing sections affecting annular
volume can be input. When drilling with bits of different diameters it’s desirable to enter open
hole sections. The missing bottomhole sections are considered as open hole with diameter the
same as the bit.

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This data is required for:

• Dividing of annular volume into sections of
the same diameter.
• Annular volume calculations.
• Hydrodynamics calculations.
• Mud gain/loss control.
• Lag time parameters.
• Lag gas and sample control.

In the right lower corner the increasing length of

sections is calculated from the beginning to the
line the cursor is on.

Controls and window called are identical with

the item “Well\Drill string geometry”. The menu items are activated if “Well geometry”
parameter stands in the list.

Casing Geometry
The data is entered before casing setting and it’s used during “Casing” operation for:
• Mud gain/loss control.
• Hydrodynamics calculations.

In the right lower corner the

increasing length of casing pipes is
calculated from the beginning to the
line the cursor is on.

Controls and window called are

identical with the item “Well\Drill
string geometry”. The menu items
are activated if “Casing geometry”
parameter stands in the list.

Accessories
In some situations it is necessary to take into account the
equipment employed in technological process such as
Kelly, tongs or cordage equipment. This data are required
for calculations of the drill string weight and pipes number
in the well.

The menu items are activated if “Hook load" and “Total

depth” parameters stand in the list. To save changes in
Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press
“Cancel”.

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Planned and Actual Well Path

The dialogs are designed for inputting of well curvature data (directional drilling). They differ
only in the data and storage place.

If the data is not entered Program makes “True vertical depth” and “Total depth”
parameters equal.

“Planned Well Path” is entered once during well construction. It’s not sensible to change it as
projects are seldom altered.

“Actual Well Path” – is input with hole deepening with various variants possible. The data can
be corrected, adjusted, added with new values. It’s made possible to introduce the planned well
path and to correct it in construction process. The option “actual/planned” and its visualization
make orientation during fast data survey easier.

Parameters used in calculations:

• Source data:
o Total depth
o Planned well survey data
o Sections of planned well path
o Sections of actual well path
• Resulting data (“ Calculated” status):
o Resulting well survey parameters,
o True vertical depth,
o Displacement of bottomhole from
wellhead.

Controls and window called are identical with the item “Well\Drillstring Geometry”. The menu
items are activated if “Planned well path” or “Actual well path” parameters stand in the list.

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Menu Group “Calculations”

The menu group contains items for setting and inputting of the source data for all the methods
built in the data processing program. This is the most complicated menu group demanding
drilling engineering proficiency and knowledge of calculations methods and related parameters.

Calibration of Sensors
Prior to data processing by definite methods it’s necessary to set up one-to-one correspondence
between the incoming data from data collection devices and the actual physical dimensions of
parameters measured. This menu group is the very first step proper in the data acquisition system
settings once the “Codes Server” has stored data in its Codes Base. The purpose of this dialog is
calibration of sensors of the external data collection devices.

In the main dialog for calibration there’s the list of sensors. This list comprises all the parameters
with the status “ Sensor”.
• Channel Number –
logical channel number of
the sensor set by the
“Codes Server”.
• Received CODE – the
value received from a
collection device driver
called a source code.
• Computed VALUE – the
parameter value on the
calibration data.
• Sort by Name –
parameters are sorted in
alphabetical order.
• Sort by Channel Number
– parameters are sorted by
increasing channel
number.

Click twice the left mouse button on the line of the sensor to be calibrated or mark it with cursor
and press “Calibrate” button.

Sensor Calibration
Amount of various sensors and devices is great but their characteristics may be not only linear
that’s why there’re several types of calibration are set in Program. Herewith supplementary data
are also used. They allow observing correspondence CODE ⇒ VALUE more precisely. Sensor
calibration:
• Baseline Points for Calibration – enter baseline points for calibration on which basis the
calculation of calibration index is to be done. This item is described in ”Baseline Point of
Calibration”.
• Source Code – combines the parameters of the incoming code source:
o Channel – select the number of the calibrated sensor channel. If the sensor
channel number is 0 then the sensor is considered as switched off (if the
parameter calculation is based on some formula its value will not be
calculated!).

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o Base code offset – it is required for the temperature shift correction of the code
received or of the code offset from zero area. Correct offset at temperature shift is

possible only if incoming code characteristics are linear otherwise a complete

calibration of sensor has to be done.
• “Calibration Data” contains parameters of the incoming code conversion into physical
value:
o Calibration Function – Program supports several functions of sensor calibration
according to their output characteristics. Namely:
 Direct Code – sensor code is assigned directly to the parameter value with
regard to base code offset.
 Linear (value=A*code+B) – linear calibration calculated on no less than
two baseline points for calibration.
 Piecewise Linear (value=A(i)*code+B(i)) – piecewise linear calibration
requiring one baseline point more than the total calibration lines assumed.
Before calibration Program inquires about calibration lines number.
Maximum number – 10. Program scans automatically all possible number
and lines combinations and selects the most optimum variant. If you set a
lesser number of lines then Program will scan only within the range set by
you.
 Logarithmic – this calibration type supports 3 logarithmic calibration
variants:
• value=A*ln(code)+B
• ln(value)=A*code+B
• ln(value)=A*ln(code)+B
o Compute – button for computing calibration curve factors. You can compute the
calibration factors if the actual ones seem doubtful. If there were any changes in
initial calibration data (baseline points, base code offset, calibration functions) the
button starts flashing. It signals to compute calibration curve factors anew.
o Table – this button allows survey of calibration factors as well as their input and
correcting if you don’t accept Program calculation!

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• Filtering – contains parameters of subsequent filtering of the physical value obtained. It

is necessary at considerable noise peaks of parameter. Program permits the next kinds of
filtering:
o RC-filtration – it is a mathematical analog of the RC-chain smoothing signal by
the exponent. This method smoothes instant value peaks and is designed for
parameters changing their value in prolonged time intervals. Interval duration is
set with “Time constant” moderating output value relative to the changed input
code. The recommended “Time constant” interval is 1…100. At the input value
change of more than 50% in relation to the output filtered value the automatic
filtration restart comes about. This method is applicable for fluid level, density
and flow sensors
o RC-filtration with Auto Restart – filtering type based on the former with the
additional parameter “Auto restart difference” meaning difference between the
current and preceding filtered values in their measurement units. If the difference
is greater than “Auto restart difference” parameter the automatic auto restart of
filtering comes about. In this fashion peak value of the parameter exceeding the
set value can be seen in graphs. At “Auto restart difference” parameter value
equal to 0 auto restart is cut off. This method is applicable to rotary torque and
standpipe pressure sensors.

In the upper graph the sensor readings are displayed in 2 curves:

• Yellow – the curve is built on the input code showing the actual instant change of sensor
readings;
• Red – the curve is built on the calibration result that is coming resulting value.

In the lower graph the calibration curves are displayed:

• Yellow – curve points are set on the baseline points in the order put in the list;
• Blue – curve is constructed on the baseline points in the order put in the list;
• Red – calibration curve of the sensor calibration result.

Press “OK” to save parameter calibration data. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Baseline Point of Calibration

You can enter baseline point of calibration via the
dialog called with double click of the left mouse
button or with the buttons:
– Enter point from the line cursor is on (marked
line): comes the dialog for baseline point input
along with data relative to the point.
– Enter the point: an empty line comes in place
of the line cursor is on (marked line) where the
dialog for baseline point is called. The
standing points are shifted down.
– Delete point: the line cursor is on (marked
line) is deleted. The standing points are shifted
up.
– Shift the point up or down.

BASELINE POINT FOR CALIBRATION DIALOG

To enter the point manually input the digital code in the box “Baseline point for calibration”
and the corresponding parameter physical value.

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Using the actual sensor readings as baseline point the sensor state is shown in graph in 2
variants:
• Yellow – actual value.
• Red – value after filtration.
Т – time constant of filtration with increase of which filtration extent grows.

Select code value you take as a source code in the check box “Sensor readings” and “Use code
after filtering” (if tick stands the source code will have filtered value otherwise – actual value).
Set the selection range for average resulting value to be calculated from. Press “Collect” button
and wait till value is displayed in the box “Baseline point for calibration/Code” on yellow
background. Enter the parameter physical value corresponding the given readings.

The menu items are activated if “Time of data collection” and “Calibration data” stand in the
parameter list. To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Hook Position Calibration

Hook position sensor calibration can be made with the method based on drawworks geometry.
To do so it’s required to have the following data:
• Height of mast – the maximum height
to which hook can be hoisted. This
value is entered approximately and is
regarded in calculations as the upper
limit of sensor calibration.
• Layer number at 0-Hook position
(from 1) – wire layer No on the drum
starting from 1, which remained after
hook lowering down to rotary table.
• Number of rounds in last rope layer
(H=0) – number of rounds in the upper
layer on the drawworks drum
remained after lowering hook down to
rotary table.
• Wire rounds in complete layer – this is the calculated value of the dialog based on the
input data.
• Drawworks drum width – inner width of drawworks drum or the width of layer inside
drum.
• Drawworks drum diameter – diameter of drawworks drum without wire.
• Wire rope diameter – wire rope diameter on drawworks drum.
• Revolutions sensor ratio (pulse/rev) – codes number for which the hook position sensor
readings are changed after 1 revolution of drawworks drum.
• Traveling block gear ratio – gear ratio of traveling block system. The entered initial data
can be saved and loaded.

For calibration calculation it’s necessary to press the key “Calculation of calibration
parameters”. The calibration is applied with pressing the key “OK”.

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Rig Operation
From this menu item an operator can select the current rig operation, which the processing
program switches over to in accord with calculations modules. There are no dialogs and rig
operations are changed only in “Technological panel” along with screen sets.

The menu items are activated if “Time of data collection” and “Rig operation code” stand in the
parameter list.

Down-hole Operations
In this menu item if necessary Operator selects the down-hole operation. The automatic
determination of operation switches off till some operation is selected distinctly. Manual change
of operation is required when the main sensor becomes disabled.

The menu items are activated if “Time of data collection” and “Rig operation code” stand in the
parameter list.

Criteria for Determining Rig Operation

The dialog establishes criteria for automatic determination of the following rig operations (only):
“Drilling’’, “Connection”, “Tripping”, and “Bit change”.

In “Boundaries” window are set the criteria for rig operations:

• Boundaries of “Bit depth” parameter – the bit depth value
which when lesser than “Hook load” sensor readings nears the
parameter noise level what misleads depth calculations. As a
rule it constitutes a range of no less than 5 stands length.
• Boundaries of “Off bottom” parameter is the value separating
the operations “Drilling” and “Tripping”. Generally it makes
the length of 2 stands.

The rig operations are automatically distinguished as follows:

• Drilling – the parameter value “Off bottom” is less than the
indicated boundary.
• Connection – the parameter value “Off bottom” is less than
the indicated boundary but the bit is pulled off bottom, the circulation is off and there’s no
rotation of the drill tool.
• Tripping – the parameter value “Off bottom” is greater than the indicated boundary and at
the same time “Bit depth” parameter value is also greater than the indicated boundary.
• Bit change– the parameter value “Off bottom” is less than the indicated boundary. The drill
tool is on surface and the next trip started.

The menu items are activated if “Time of data collection” and “Code of rig operation” stand in
the parameter list. To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press
“Cancel”.

Criteria for Determining Down-hole Operations

The dialog establishes criteria for automatic determination of the downhole operations. If the
operations would not distinguish – the reason has to do just with that item.

The next operations are determined automatically:

• “Drilling’’:
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o Drilling (reaming, drivage)

o Conditioning
o Flushing.
• “Connection”:
o Empty hook, (hook run doesn’t change the depth)
o Off bottom (bit is connected to the hook).
• “Tripping” and “Casing”:
o Empty hook (hook run doesn’t change the depth).
o Off bottom (bit is connected to the hook).

The automatic downhole operation

determination is carried out by mathematic
model set in “Manager\Model For
Determining Downhole Operations”. The
starting model (in the right Fig.) is set in the
installation package. The values represent
the criteria (boundaries) entered in this
dialog.

The criteria are entered individually for each

operation because:
• “Drilling” – the parameter “Hook load”
boundaries are somewhat greater than the kelly and 1stand weights plus noise level. Program
uniquely determines operation as “Empty hook” when the kelly and connected stand move
and the drill string is slipped.
• “Tripping” – in this mode the parameter “Hook load” boundaries are set in the range of 2 –
4 stands that is higher than level of the sensor noise coming from movement of the hook with
one stand disconnected.
• “Casing” – the parameter “Hook load” boundaries are set in the range 2 – 4 pipes that is
higher than level of the sensor noise coming from movement of the hook with one pipe
disconnected.

The rest of the criteria is set in such a way that they uniquely determine whether the given
parameter is on or off.

The menu items are activated if “Time of data collection” and “Model for determining downhole
operation” stand in the parameter list. To save changes in Program press ”Apply” or ”OК”. To
cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Calculations Modules
Dialog allows for switching over calculation sets:
• Depth Correction by Pipes List During Tripping – correction of “Bit depth” parameter
value during tripping. It’s carried out with regard to the length of pipes of the actual
drillstring geometry. If this item is not switched then depth is calculated from depth sensor
readings.
• Definition of Downhole Operation by “Slips Status” During Tripping – during tripping rig
operation is defined by “Slips Status” sensor readings. This method is recommended for
using together with the method “Tripping depth correction by drillstring geometry list”.
• Bit or Shoe Depth Calculation by “Slips Status” During Tripping – during tripping “Bit
depth” parameter value is calculated from combination of the following data:
o “Slips Status” sensor readings.

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o Drillstring Geometry List (stand’s length and number).

o Indicated direction of tripping on quick access panel .

When in position “on slips” Program takes off or adds to the depth value (depending on tripping
direction) length of stand or bottom drillstring assembly pipe from the compiled list of pipes.
Thus in this method depth sensor is not applied. It’s wholly based on drillstring geometry list.
• Directional Drilling Calculation of Wellbore
Bottom – calculation of parameters of 3D bottom
position on the basis of dogleg measurements.
This calculation result is also used in
hydrodynamics calculations methods and in
determination of drillstring weight from
drillstring geometry data.
• Gas Lag Parameters Control – this is gas lag
time calculation and binding parameters to lag
depth.
• Lag Sample Parameters and Location Control –
lag sample time calculation and sample show
control at wellhead.
• Hydraulic Calculations – mudflow parameters calculation, determination of fluid flow type
and velocity, pressure loss and EMD.
• AHFP Parameters Calculation (D-exp, SigmaLog) – AHFP zone beginning determination
method.
• Mud Loss/Gain Parameter Compensation During Mud Circulation – calculation and
compensation of “Mud loss/gain in the current rig operation” parameter.

The rest of the calculations are not included in this version. To save changes in Program press
”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

ROP Calculations Intervals

In this item rates of penetration (drilling) are calculated:
• Instant ROP calculation – is calculated in the given
time interval during actual driving. This parameter
accurately indicates smaller rock seams (0.2 … 0.5
meter thick) during steady hook running (automatic
controlled). Normal interval of calculation – 3 … 5
minutes.
• Drilling ROP1 Calculation – rate of penetration (reaming). Calculation step is as rule 1
meter because by other steps some discordance between tool pusher calculations may occur.
• Drilling ROP2 Calculation – this parameter is an inverse value of the rate of penetration. In
practice the parameter has 3 standard steps for calculation: 0.2, 0.4 and 1

The menu items are activated if “Total depth” stands in the parameter list. To save changes in
Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Absolute Bit RPM

The parameter “Bit RPM” named other way “Absolute RPM of bit”
is calculated depending of drilling method set in the box:
• Rotary – bit revolutions are equal to RPM;
• Turbine Drilling – parameter is calculated from “Mud flow in”

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parameter and the flow in turbodrill. Herewith the value of turbodrill flow required per 1 rev.
must be set in “Turbodrill” box;
• Rotary & Turbine Drilling – the parameter is calculated as the above parameters sum.

The parameter list for calculations:

• Initial data:
o RPM
o Mud flow in
o (еи) Volume
• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated” status):
o Absolute RPM of bit

The menu items are activated if “RPM of bit” (calculated) stands in the parameter list. To save
changes in Program press ”Apply” or ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Calculation of Mud Flow In/Out

The dialog is used in case when the parameters “Mud Flow In” and “Mud Flow Out” haven’t
the status “ Sensor”. Parameters are calculated by method selected in the box “Method of
calculation”:
• By Circulation Pressure – in this method mudflow in and out is assumed equal. Calculation
is made on readings of pump stroke and chamber volume sensors.
• By Standpipe Pressure – the method is based on Bernoulli equation of mudflow in piping.
For calculation it’s necessary to introduce coefficients which actually are cross section area
of pipes in the measurement point: for “Mud flow in (standpipe)” parameter it is the inner
cross section area of the upper pipe, for “Mud flow out (casing)” – cross section of the
annular volume at the wellhead.

The parameter list for calculations:

• Initial data:
o Pump strokes
o Pump output
o Standpipe pressure
o Mud weight in
o Casing pressure
o Mud weight out
o (еи) Square
• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated”
status):
o Mud flow in
o Mud flow out

The calculation results are filtered to reduce noise affecting the lag time calculated on the drill
string assembly data. The “Time constant” filter interval is 10…100 (recommended – 50).
Smoothing effect grows with increase of the value set. Filtering is cut off setting 0. When
circulation changing over filtration switches off automatically.

The menu items are activated if “Mud flow in” (calculated) and “Mud flow out” (calculated)
stand in the parameter list. To save the changes press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press
“Cancel”.

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Buoyant Weight of Drill String

The dialog data is used for calculation of “Buoyant Weight Of Drill String” required for
calculation of “Weight on bit “ parameter.

Parameter is calculated by one of the following methods:

• From Data Of Drill String Geometry – after connection Program calculates automatically
the drill string weight from the pipes weight of the drill string, bit and kelly weight and
corrects the derived weight by buoyancy factor coefficient in the given mud density.
• By Addition Of New Stand Weight After Each Connection – by this method the drill string
weight is automatically added a new section weight calculated after each connection. In the
box “ addition of new stand weight after each connection” (2) the weight of one running
meter of the pipe is set with regard to buoyancy factor. On this base all the connected
sections weight is calculated.
• By Weight Of Drill String (Weighing) – by this
method drill string weight is set only via the
dialog “ Weighing of the drilling tool”.

The parameter list for calculations:

• Initial data:
o Off bottom
o Hook load
o Kelly position (need not be)
o Bit depth
o Drillstring geometry
o Bit data
o Mud weight in
o (еи)Weight per unit length of pipe
o Actual well path (need not be)
• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated” status):
o Mud flow in
o Mud flow out

In the box “Off Bottom” the boundary is set for calculation of “Weight on bit” parameter. If the
parameter value “Off bottom” is greater than the set limit the calculation of “Weight on bit”
parameter is suspended and its value equals 0. The boundary is usually set in the range of several
meters because bit pull by 1 – 2 meters can signify no actual off bottom position due to drill
string extension/contraction and tension of traveling block rope. The recommended value 1
meter per each 1000 meters of depth.

The menu items are activated if “Weight of drilling tool”

(calculated), “Weight on bit” (calculated) and “Off bottom”
stand in the parameter list. To save changes in Program press
”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Pit Volume Totalizer

The dialog comprises the list of the mud tanks. Mark the tanks
involved in circulation. These values will be inserted in “Pit
volume totalizer of active pits” parameter or “Total volume”,
the other – in “Pit volume totalizer of inactive pits”
parameter.

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The parameter list for calculations:

• The initial data is presented in the dialog. When a parameter is not marked then it is
considered as cut off or absent without access to it.
• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated” status):
o “Pit volume totalizer of active pits”
o “Pit volume totalizer of inactive pits”

The menu items are activated if “Pit volume totalizer of active pits” (calculated) stands in the
parameter list. To save the changes press ”Apply” or ”OК” button. To cancel the changes press
“Cancel”.

Mud Volume Compensation

Dialog is designed for automatic determination of mud volume pumped from one pit to another.
This procedure allows automatic counting of pumped mud with regard to input mud volume
compensation step when calculating mud loss/gain values.

The procedure enables both determining and calculating mud

volume and compensating the parameter value ”Mud loss/gain
during current rig operation”. It is based on mud volume
sensors readings and pumps capacity.
• Interval of pits analysis – it is necessary for
determination mud volume changes.
• Pump flow rate – pump capacity employed for mud
pumping over.
• Pits list:
o Left column markers – is inaccessible for
changing and indicates pits involved in
circulation.
o Right column markers – it’s required to indicate here the pits to be controlled
during mud pumping.

Only pits with volume change over 80% in the set interval are estimated with regard to the pump
capacity.

This item is activated only when ”Total mud volume in active pits” (calculated) and ”Mud
loss/gain during current rig operation” parameters are displayed in the list.

To save the changes press ”Apply” or ”OК” button. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Mud Loss/Gain Control

Mud loss/gain parameters control is realized on the basis of 2 procedures:
• Change of Pit Volume Totalizer Value – mud loss/gain value control procedure based on
“Pit volume totalizer” i.e. pits involved in circulation. Reliable data is obtained with creating
closed mud circulation system controlled with mud volume sensors in all pits. Any mud
volume added by mud engineer must be reported to MLU operator for further correction of
“mud gain/loss” parameter.
• Difference of MFin and MFout Sensor Readings – this procedure is effective only if
mudflow sensors are available. The sensors must measure mudflow (as some volume per
time unit) but not simply mud current!

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The method of mud gain/loss control is based on “Pit volume totalizer of active pits” and “Mud
Flow In” parameter value. “Pit volume totalizer of active pits” parameter value is filtered before
calculating as the total noise of this parameter often constitutes several cubic meters. After
smoothing the parameter allows for more precise calculating. The time constant for filtration
dependent on the current technological operation is set in individual boxes (to stop filtering set
0).

Create plugged circulation with level sensors control in each tank to achieve reliable
results. Any volume added by mud engineer must be reported to MLU operator for
consequent correction of mud gain/loss parameters.

• Time Based Control – control by the set

time interval. It functions continually
independent of rig operations. Time
constant value for filtering depends on
the current rig operation.
• Control During Drilling – control
adjusted during drilling. This operation is
comparatively long process and volume
changes are relatively insignificant to be
put for the freshly drilled well section.
That’s why time constant for filtering can
be within 10…100 (recommended – 50).
• Control During Tripping –during
tripping mud volume is fast changing
therefore time constant for filtering
should be small: 1…20 so as to get
adequately fixed mud volume changes
(recommended – 10).

“Mud Gain/Loss Control During Current Rig Operation” parameter is calculated first. It is
controlled and changed by the value step of “Filtering/Sampling rate for pit volume totalizer”
parameter. The recommended sampling rate is within 10…30 seconds. Program constantly
controls “Pit volume totalizer” parameter changes along with the time constant for filtering of
the current rig operation, calculates and corrects the parameter value by the set sampling rate.

“Time Based Mud Gain/Loss Control” is calculated by the time step set in the box “Time
based/Reset cycle”. The interval to set is selected according to the resetting frequency acceptable
for client. The recommended interval here is more prolonged: 10…60 minutes.

“Mud Gain/Loss Control During Drilling/Tripping” is calculated by the step dependant on the
rig operation determined in the corresponding boxes:
• Control during drilling – when drilling the set
depth interval represents “Total depth”
parameter changes. The recommended value is 1
meter.
• Control during tripping – during tripping the
depth interval set is constituted of stands
number. The recommended number is 5 stands.

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The parameter ”Control Switch Off Interval When Changing Over Circulation” is introduced
in procedure for clearing mud loss/gain change value when changing over circulation. This
parameter equals mud stabilization period in pits.

The parameter list for calculations:

• Initial data:
o Time of data collection
o Pit volume totalizer of active pits
o Total depth
o Bit depth (or casing depth)
o Bit data
o Stands (or casing pipes) number
o (еи) Diameter
• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated” status):
o Mud gain/loss time based
o Mud gain/loss during drilling/tripping
o Mud gain/loss during current rig operation

The menu items are activated if “Pit volume totalizer of active pits” stands in the parameter list.
To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

SPP Changing in Time

The dialog is designed for setup of calculation of the
parameter “SPP Change”. This parameter is calculated
during circulation by a time step, which is set in the dialog.
The parameter is used for analysis of pumps washout or
mud loss in open hole.

Filtration time constant smoothes the readings of the sensor

“SPP” for excluding the extream points from analysis and a
more precise determination of pressure changes.

The menu items are activated if “SPP changing in time” stands in the parameter list. To save
changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Directional Drilling Calculations

Directional drilling parameters are calculated from several methods:
• Linear – this method is based on vertical deviation angles and azimuth (displacement) in the
interval end for determining of vertical and horizontal departures to East and to North of the
bottomhole. Advantage of this method consists in its simplicity but calculations done on it
lead to exaggerated horizontal displacement and
diminished vertical deviation. Errors are
proportional to angles and course length measured.
This method is considered obsolete.
• Average angle – in correspondence with its name
this method implies using of average deviation
angles I1 и I2 and direction angles A1 и A2, total
vertical depth and displacement increase to East
and to North. It is a simple method allowing for
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quite accurate calculations for well curvature.

• Radius of curvature – this method deals with zenith and azimuth angles of well direction.
It’s implemented for calculations of directional curve coming through points of measuring. It
is based on assumingly smooth curving of well and it’s less sensitive to sudden changes of
bottomhole axis especially during well bend in some interval.
• Minimal curvature method – the most precise method employing principle of total curve
minimization as applied to the given well increment interval. It is reflected in calculation for
flattened circular arc. To flatten well path between two points of measuring a ratio factor is
introduced. Ratio factor is determined by curvature degree of well section. At present it is the
mostly popular method.

For calculation the angle change intensity it is necessary to set “Rate of calculation of dogleg”
that is interval of control over the well path directional changes. As a rule this parameter is set
for the planned well path or stated in the contract.

The parameter list for calculations:

• Initial data:
o Total depth
o Planned data of directional drilling
o Planned well path
o Actual well path
• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated” status):
o Actual bottom hole location data
o True vertical depth
o Actual bottom hole location data

The menu items are activated if “Rig operation code” stands in the parameter list and with
“Directional drilling calculations” set in “Calculations/Calculations Modules Execution”. To
save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Lag Time Calculations

Lag time calculations are required for connection of the values to the lagged depth. That is gas
content in the mud of the freshly drilled well depth can be determined only with mud rise to
surface. So the parameter value in Database must be connected not to the actual depth but to the
lag sample depth. The list of similar parameters comprises all the gas logging parameters and
mudflow out parameters.

Lag time is Program calculated from several

methods:
• Using well and string geometry data – by this
method Program determines the annular volume
from the data “Well geometry” and “Drillstring
geometry” and with “Mud flow in” parameter
calculates lag time value. The calculated volume
is added also “Volume of hole wash” parameter
value as the volume calculation on the well
geometry data doesn’t include this factor.
• Addition of delay for depth interval – this is a
simple method employed in the absence of
complete the well and string geometry data or
mud flow data. In the box “Addition of delay for

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depth interval” two parameters are set: “Interval of calculation by depth” and “Delay of the
defined interval by time”. Further on Program automatically adds the set lag time to
“Current gas lagtime” with each depth interval.

The parameter list for calculations:

• Initial data:
o Pit volume totalizer of active pits
o Mud weight in
o Well geometry
o Drillstring geometry
o Annular sections
o Total depth
o Pump strokes 1,2,3
o Pump output 1,2,3
• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated” status):
o Gas lag time
o Lag strokes
o Average velocity of mud out

Lag sample stack control is cited in “Data\Review of lag sample stack” .

The menu items are activated if “Lag time of gas exit” (calculated), “Pit volume totalizer of
active pits” and “Total depth” stand in the parameter list. To save changes in Program press
”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Sample Location Control

Lag sample control parameters are calculated on the base of the data entered in this dialog.
Herein the step of sampling control is to set. Sample slip velocity is calculated from the data in
“Sample data” and “Mud data” boxes from which value lag sample time is deduced. The
sampling points are continually program controlled.

The parameter list for calculations:

• Initial data:
o Average sample density
o Average sample diameter
o Plastic viscosity
o Mud weight in
o Average velocity of mud out
o Total depth
• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated” status):
o Average slip velocity
o Average sample velocity
o Average lag sample out

Lag sample stack control is cited in “Data/Review of lag sample stack” .

The menu items are activated if “Average sample density”, “Average sample diameter”,
“Plastic viscosity” and “Total depth” stand in the parameter list. To save changes in Program
press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

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Hydrodynamics Calculations
The hydrodynamics calculations work for such rig operations as “Drilling”, “Tripping” and
“Casing”. They are made use of in:
• Balanced drilling – employed generally on the effective bottomhole circulation pressure
calculated according to the parameter value “Equivalent circulation density”. At constant
bottomhole circulation pressure somewhat higher than the formation pressure the maximum
rock cutting efficiency is achieved what results in acceleration of ROP and eventually in
more speedy and less costly drilling.
• Tripping for rig operation process control. When “Equivalent circulation density” parameter
becomes less than “Normal pressure gradient” parameter it indicates that formation fluid
starts breaking in the wellbore what will lead to mud gain. When “Equivalent circulation
density” parameter becomes greater than “Overburden pressure gradient” parameter then
mud would leak into formation what ends in mud loss. In both cases it causes an emergency
situation of formation fracture. The standard values of “Normal pressure gradient” – 1.01
… 1.05 g/cm3 and “Overburden pressure gradient” – 2.31 g/cm3.

Pressure losses in a mud system have the following relations concerning of the total pressure loss
value:
• Surface equipment pressure losses (as measured at the pump) are 1%...3%.
• Drill string pressure losses range from 20%...45% (measurd at the standpipe).
• Bit pressure losses range from 50%...75%.
• Annular pressure losses range from 2%...5%.

Program calculates parameters by the methods below:

• Bingham Plastic Model – method is described in «Manuel de Rheologie des Fluides de
Forage et Laitiers de Ciments» (Editions Technip, 1979).
• Modified Bingham Plastic Model (Preston Moore) – method is described in Preston
Moore’s «Drilling Practices Manual» (PennWell Books, 1974).
• Power Law Model (ARTEP) – method is described in «Manuel de Rheologie des Fluides
de Forage et Laitiers de Ciments» (Editions Technip, 1979).
• Modified Power Law Model (Preston Moore) – method is described in Preston Moore’s
«Drilling Practices Manual» (PennWell Books, 1974).
• Power Law API Model – methid is derived from various American Petroleum Institute
sources.
• Alternative Model – method is developed by Hughes Tool Co. for major oil company,
integrates the tool joint diameters into simplified hydraulics equations.
Considaretions when selecting the appropriate hydraulics model include:

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• The behavior of weighted muds (> 1.5 kg/l or 12.5 ppg) is closer to the Bingham or
Modified Bingham Model.
• The Power Law, Modified Power Law and Power Law API models are best suited to
low-solids or polymer muds.
• The additional of ‘thinners’ or fluidifiers, such as lignosulfonates, cause the rheological
behavior of the mud to tend toward the Power Law models.
• When optimizing hydraulics, Moore’s Modified Bingham and Modified Power Law
models allow higher limits on annular mud velocities than the standard versions, resulting
in better hole cleaning.
• The Alternative method attempt to adjust pressure losses for the influence of tool joint
diameter. The Alternative method is optimized for the viscosity characteristics of oil-
based and havily-weighted muds.

Pressure drop in MWD and Motor – It is necessary to enter value of pressure losses in
hydraulic turbine downhole motor and another MWD equipment

Use reduction of pressure drops – The marked flag is used to reduction of total pressure drops,
which measured by sensors "Standpipe pressure" and "Casing pressure", that is actual pressure
losses. This option adjusts an error of calculated pressure drops, which depend from different
cases of change of rheological behavior of a mud, an error of laboratory measurings and poor
frequency of entering of modified initial data.

Mud Data - data of rheological behavior of a mud can be entered 3 methods which are chosen by
the user, depend from the available set of initial data. Missing parameters will be calculated on
the basis of set of entered values.
• Method 1 - it based on data measuring of viscosimeter FANN at 600, 300, 200, 100
RPM. It is necessary to enter at least 2 values on the basis of which will be calculated
missing parameters .
• Method 2 - it based on the mud data measured by any viscosimeter.
• Method 3 - it based on known values of viscosity factors «n - Behavior Index» and «K -
Consistancy Index», and also combinations of basic valuees of the viscosimeter on the
basis of which they have been calculated. If basic values are unknown, then use «FANN
Q600 & Q300».

The parameter list for calculations:

• Initial data:
o (eu) Diameter
o (eu) Area
o Total depth
o True vertical depth
o Bit data (diameter, nozzles area)
o Mud flow in
o Mud weight in
o Mud weight out
o Plastic viscosity
o Yield point
o Standpipe pressure in
o Pipes sections
o Drill string sections
o Annular sections
o Casing depth

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o Drill string velocity

• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated” status):
o Mud velocity in jets of a bit
o Pressure loss in bit nozzles
o Hydraulic horsepower on bottom hole
o Hydraulic horsepower on bottom hole per square
o Hydraulic impact force on bottom hole
o Hydraulic impact force on bottom hole per square
o Hydraulic parameters in drillstring (by sections)
o Pressure loss in drillstring
o Hydraulic parameters of annular volume (by sections)
o Pressure loss in annular volume
o Hydraulic parameters of swabbing (by sections)
o Swab pressure
o Pulse pressure
o ECD (equivalent circulating density)
o Effective pressure in bottom hole
o Hydrostatic pressure in bottom hole
o Pressure loss totalizer
o Pressure loss in a ground equipment
o Developed power of pumps

Mud weight and its geological properties affect most the calculation. “Swab pressure” parameter
calculation is affected also by drill string velocity.

The menu items are activated if “Rig operation code”, “Mud weight in”, “Mud weight out”,
“Plastic viscosity”, “Yield point”, “Equivalent circulation density”, “Normal pressure
gradient”, “Overburden pressure gradient” stand in the parameter list and “Hydrodynamics
calculations” activated in “Calculations\Calculations Modules Execution”. To save changes in
Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

AHFP Zone
AHFP (abnormally high formation pressure) zone beginning is determined by 2 methods:
• D-Exponent – determination in soft formations (clay). The method is based on normalized
rate of penetration dependence on difference between hole and formation pressures. D-
exponent value is greatly influenced by bit wear. Theoretically wear-free bit has factual D-
exp values coinciding with normal density line. But in drilling practice, rate of penetration at
the end of each trip is significantly lower than initial rate as a result of bit wears.
• SigmaLog – is applied for hard formations. It is similar to D-exp method in its physical
basis. They differ in the normalization model applied and in the method of formation
pressure estimation. The foundation of this method
is mechanical rock resistance. This method is put
forward as porosity estimation method.

Initial data value of “Weight on bit”, “RPM” and

“Drilling ROP 1” calculations are the same used as
written in depth data file.

For trend lines calculation the time of bit bedding

should be set: (standard value 30 minutes), parameter
step (0.2 … 1 meter), maximum calculation interval

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(20…100 meters). “Maximum calculation interval” parameter limits interval of trend parameter
stacking.

The parameter list for calculations:

• Initial data:
o (eu) Diameter
o (eu) Thickness (crust, seam, etc.)
o Total depth
o Drilling time at bit run
o Drilling ROP 1
o Actual rotary speed (RPM)
o Weight on bit
o Bit data (diameter, nozzles area)
o Bit run start depth
o Normal pressure gradient
o Overburden pressure gradient
o ECD (equivalent circulating density)
• Resulting parameters (“ Calculated” status):
o D-Exponent (Index of pore stress in clays)
o D-Exponent corrected
o D-Exponent normalized (trend)
o D-Exponent: pore pressure gradient
o SigmaLog (Index of formation pressure in solid formations)
o SigmaLog corrected (Rock strength)
o SigmaLog normalized (Standard rock strength)
o SigmaLog: formation pressure gradient

The menu items are activated if “Rig operation code”, “Equivalent circulation density”,
“Normal pressure gradient”, “Overburden pressure gradient” stand in the parameter list and
“Zone of AHFP” activated in “Calculations\Calculations Modules Execution”. To save changes
in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

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Menu Group “Database”

This menu group contains items responsible for parameter saving in Database.

Incompetent correction of data especially mentioned in this paragraph may lead to

irrevocable loss of parameter values!

Parameters Setup
Dialog designed for setting of all the parameter of application.

Parameter status Activation of color warning about limits exceeding

• Parameter status – in this column only the parameter status is set that is the mode and source
of the parameter value obtained:
No – parameter is off, its value not determined and they are written in Database as
NULL. The parameters curve is not reflected in graphs, its digital value is marked as
“???”. At regular intervals some parameters can get also the nil parameter value for
various reasons (calculation is impossible). In this case parameter curve in graphs is
broken.

Manual – parameter is in manual setting mode and its value is set via the dialog
“Data\Manual Input Of Parameters” or specified dialogs such as “Well geometry”, etc.

Calculated – if such a parameter has calculation formulas it can acquire a value.

Otherwise only the latest set value is saved before status change for manual one.

Sensor – parameter acquires value from its online external data collection device by
calibration factors.
• Output boundaries – output boundaries for graphs, scales and histograms without fixed
scales.
• Alarm status – switching of color or sonic warning on limits exceeding displayed in values
and histograms.
• Alarm boundaries – are used for value and histogram visualization on limits exceeding
displayed in values and histograms.
• Output precision – setting of digit number after decimal point for outputting of parameter
digital value.

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The changed value is instantly saved in the dialog. To do this change an input box for another
one with the keys “↑” up, “↓” down, “Alt→”, “Alt←”, “Home, End, PgUp, and PgDn”.
“OK” key pressed also saves value in the box but the window closes at that.

“To sort by name” mark is made with click of the left mouse button on the white checker or the
text marked. If the mark is set the parameters are sorted in alphabetical order otherwise – by
internal unique code in Database.

The item is inaccessible with empty parameter list. To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To
cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

List of Saving Parameters

This dialog serves for saving the parameters in various data sets of Database. Button : “turn
parameter off” means that this parameter value isn’t saving in the indicated data set of Database.
DTCIS system has the next data sets:
• ALL data SHRT_000
– in these data sets all
incoming data steps are
saved. They are
required for detailed
analysis of emergences
on rigsite, which took
place during data
acquisition. As a rule
fast changing
parameters, sensor
readings and
parameters necessary for emergences analysis are saved in these files. After saving term
elapse specified by Company the files are cleared.
• TIME Based TIME_000 – data sets storing parameters from the dialog
“Database\Database Setup” with time intervals of saving. Parameters to be saved are
specified in contract together with parameter list for report documents.

In depth file STORE all other parameters can be saved.

• DEPTH Based – data sets storing parameters from the dialog “Database\Database
Setup” with intervals of saving connected to depth lag parameters.

The changed value is instantly saved in the dialog. To do this change an input box for another
one with the keys “↑” up, “↓” down, “Alt→”, “Alt←”, “Home, End, PgUp, and PgDn”.
“OK” key pressed also saves value in the box but the window closes at that.

“To Sort by Name” mark is made with click of the left mouse button on the white checker or the
text marked. If the tick is set the parameters are sorted in alphabetical order otherwise – by
internal unique code in Database.

“Select ALL” key is used for selecting all column parameters to be saved, on which cursor is on.
For the whole column the active cursor value is set.

The item is inaccessible with empty parameter list. To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To
cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

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Database Setup
Data saving in Database of MLU is setup in this dialog.

In “Data Saving Interval” boxes select how you wish

to save data: by time intervals in “Time interval for
data saving” or by depth intervals in “Depth interval
for data saving” and set “Time intervals for
emergency”.

In “Data Types for Saving” settle on what you save in

Database:
• Emergence Parameter Saving – saving instant
values of all parameters and intermediary
calculations in case of sudden power failure or PC
freezing.
• All Processed Data Packages (SHRTxxxx) – saving parameter list of every data processing
step indicated in the dialog ”Save Parameters List”. This data occupies much space on disk
(40 – 100 MB every 24 hours) but it affords detailed information in case of emergences on
rigsite.
• Data with Set Time Intervals (TIMExxxx) – saving indicated in the dialog ”Save
Parameters List” parameters list with set time interval indicated in the window ”Data Save
Interval”.

In “Additional parameters” window you can set mark in the checker of direct access to disk. It
means that the data are at once written on disk past any buffer. But this mode slows down
operation of the data processing system and disables data mediums with time. So alternative to
this is reliable power supply barring voltage fluctuations causing PC freeze. In this window
“Apply the set input precision for parameter values to be saved in Database” item also can be
set. Values will be rounded with precision indicated in the dialog ”Parameters Status”.

The menu items are activated if “Total depth” stands in the parameter list. To save changes in
Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

Current Units Set

This dialog is activated only when data processing is stopped what’s risky! This dialog performs
the most essential operation concerning both processing the entire data and each individual
parameter – this is setting and applying units of measurements.

Sets of units of measurement are created on the

Manager system level so an operator is supposed
only to select and to input one of the group of
units of measurement set. It’s not sensible to
change units of measurements when data is partly collected already as it leads to confusion of
source data values. Still when you preferred a particular set of units of measurement and pressed
“Apply” button check all the dialogs for uniformity of the values and units already set.

Edit Current Units

This dialog is activated only when data processing is stopped what’s risky! This simple dialog
performs one of the most essential operations concerning both entire data and each individual
parameter processing – this is editing applied units of measurements set.

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It’s not sensible to change units of measurements when data is partly collected already as it
leads to confusion of source data values. Still when you preferred a particular set of units of
measurement and pressed “Apply” button check all the dialogs for uniformity of the values and
units already set.

To cancel the changes press “Cancel”.

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Menu Group “Screens”

This menu group deals with applications screen set control. The installed screens set and number
of active (visible) screen are stored in the application settings loaded in succeeding restarts.
Program keeps in the setup file screens sets designed for main rig operations with every
changing of which the corresponding screens set saved last time is restored. The individual
screen settings are saved in [Link] file:
• Drilling, Connection – screens set is located in “Screen Drilling” section.
• Tripping, Bit change – in “Screen Tripping” section.
• Casing – in “Screen Casing” section.
• Other – in “Other Screen” section.

Source directory is located in X:\ PetroServices OnLine \Screens.

Open Screen
This item loads the screen forms selected. Selection is done via standard Windows dialog for
files open. The dialog allows for selecting of several screen forms at a time. The selected forms
are added to the end of screen list. All the screen forms except the first one are checked for
doubling and in case there is some already existing that one is not loaded.

Change Active Screen

The item changes one active (visible) screen form for another. Selection is done via standard
Windows dialog for files open. The loaded form replaces the existing one located in the active
sheet.

Close Active Screen

The item closes the active (visible) screen and deletes it from the application screen list. The
form file is not deleted herewith.

Replace Active Screen

This item selected implies data clearing in the active (visible) screen form and acquiring its first
start outlook after setting this screen form.

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Menu Group “Manager”

The menu group contains items set once and for all. Incompetent change of them can result in
failure of the complete data acquisition system. For this reason the menu group is primarily
inaccessible.

System Running Setup

Timeout of termination of processes – this is the timeout parameter for termination of Program
data processing when data collection is stopped. If one or other service freezes or is terminated
then after a lapse of the certain time interval it is not executable. This time interval shouldn’t be
short as it may affect closing of the emergency data saving service. It always saves before
closing the current status of parameters what takes up considerable time. Recommended time
lapse – 60 seconds.

Update Information In The Screens – the data is

loaded in screens in the mode of data updating
rate. But excessively frequent updating occupies
relatively much time and overloads CPU.
Recommended time interval – 500 msec.

Scale Height Of Execution Times Graphs in the

screen “System” – in normal operation every
datum processing takes up about 200 msec but execution time may be longer due to the
operating system being charged with other tasks. Recommended execution time range –
500…1000 msec.

Number Of Rows In Messages List – in the screen “System” this limit is set to restrict amount
of idle data on disk. All this data without exception is saved in Database. Here input are only the
indicated number of the latest messages from the moment Program was started. Recommended
value – 1000 rows.

Changes are saved with ”OК” button. To cancel the changes press “Cancel” button.

System Settings of Data Location

This dialog is designed for checking and correcting settings of collected data saved in register.

Changes are saved with ”OК” button. To cancel the changes press “Cancel” button.

Edit Units List

The dialog is designed for creation of unit
measurement sets. Unit of measurement is
introduced for the given units group identified
in DTCIS data acquisition system for every
parameter. So with every unit introduction for
“Depth, distance” group all the depth (bottom,
bit, etc.) parameters will be measured in the unit
introduced. Similar units sets may be multiple.
They all are saved in the directory
“PetroServices OnLine\Reference” under
the names of data sets when they were created.

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Dialog is closed with clicking of the left mouse button on located in the right upper corner.

Model for Determining Downhole Operations

The downhole operations are determined by the criteria set in the dialog “Manager\Model for
determining downhole operations”. The automatic operation determination is faultless. It is
made from the mathematic model built in Program. Only digital parameter values indicated in
the Figure for “Drilling” operation may differ.

The model is implemented as follows:

• Analysis of columns in sequence order from the left to the right.
• Analysis of each vertical column.
• When all the conditions comply the given operation is considered determined and
analysis terminates.

The conditions put excludes

any failure of operation
determination.

The model is reset with click

of the right mouse button on
the square to be changed. The
execution conditions are
selected in pop-up menu.

The menu items are activated

if “Model for determining
downhole operations” stands
in the parameter list. To save changes in Program press ”OК”. To cancel the changes press
“Cancel”.

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MESSAGES AND ERRORS

In errors description there might be a text enclosed with […]. It will signify that message
enclosed may be omitted.

E001: Load error: ALS: data base name, TBL: data set name. Exception:
The error message comes at faulty loading of data from the given data set. After point follows
the Windows explanation of the error.

E002: Save error: ALS: data base name, TBL: data set name. Exception:
The error message comes at faulty saving of data in the given data set. After point follows the
Windows explanation of the error.

E003: Save in file error: file name. Exception:

The error message comes at faulty saving of data in the given file. After point follows the
Windows explanation of the error.
Check for free space on disk.

E004: Open file error: file name. Exception:

The error message comes at faulty opening of the given data file. After point follows the
Windows explanation of the error.
Check for directory existing on disk. Possibly the file is occupied by another program.

Mathematical Calculations Errors Codes

Mathematical errors are coded with calculation modulus code they originate from. The code
Table is presented below:

Modulus
Calculation modulus code
code
-1 Emergency parameter saving service
0 Physical values calculation from calibration data
1 Technological calculations
2 Weight on bit calculation
3 Rig operation determining
4 Depth calculation
5 Technological operation time calculation
6 Drill string and kelly velocity calculation
7 Directional drilling calculation
8 Drill tool weight calculation
9 Pipes and stands number calculation
10 ROP1 calculation
11 ROP2 calculation
12 Pipes sections and drill string sections
13 Fluids coefficients gas control parameters calculation
14 Lag time calculation
15 Lag time depth parameters connections
16 Lag sample control
17 Hydrodynamics parameters calculations
18 Mud gain/loss calculation
19 Bit run calculation
20 Zone of AHFP
21 D-exp calculation
22 SigmaLog calculation
23 Tripping parameters calculation
24 Shoe depth parameters calculation

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25 Casing parameters calculation

26 Casing pipes number calculation
27 Mud loss/gain parameter compensation during mud transferring
28 Complete cycle remaining

Error descriptions include the next abbreviations:

• CMC – calculation modulus code
• PIC – parameter identification code

E100: Write error in [Link] of Calculation Modulus (CM). Exception:

The error message comes at writing intermediary parameter values of calculation modulus in
their Database Store. After point follows the Windows explanation of the fault.
Check that none of Programs access to this file located in “Realtime data processing”
directory. [Link]. file is service file of “Realtime data processing» Program, which is
inaccessible for other programs.

E101: Read error in [Link] of Calculation Modulus (CM). Exception:

The error message comes at loading intermediary parameter values of calculation modulus from
their Database Store. After point follows the Windows explanation of the fault.
Explanation is analogous to E00005.

Mathematic error in Program starts with “MODULE» caption and originates from source data
shortage, incorrect parameter values or inability to execute required mathematic treatment.
Calculation modules codes are presented in the Table above.

E102: MODULUS CMC. Explanation:

Error of calculation modulus. Error explanation reveals its origin.

E103: MODULUS CMC. Data for parameter ID=PIC calculation is not sufficient.
Explanation:
The source data for ID parameter calculation is not sufficient. Definite source parameter is not
set due to unclear situation of … Follow the description of method to eliminate the error.

E104: MODULUS CMC. Lacking parameter ID=PIC for modulus calculation. Explanation:
ID parameter data is not sufficient for modulus calculation continuation. Usually it is the basic
parameter lacking of which doesn’t allow to continue calculations.

E105: MODULUS CMC. Lacking parameter ID1=PIC1 for calculation of ID2 parameter.
Explanation:
ID1 parameter data is not sufficient for calculation of ID2 parameter. Check (see
“Database\Database setup”):
• ID1 parameter should be in the application parameter list .
• Parameter status ID1 may not be “ “No”.

E106: MODULUS CMC. Mathematic treatment cannot be executed. Explanation:

There’s a serious mathematical mistake in calculation of ID parameter arising from excessive
calculation precision or impossible mathematic treatment.

E107: MODULUS CMC. Error in calculation of ID=PIC parameter. Explanation:

Another error of calculation modulus. The error is explained in the comments.

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“WATCHMAN” PROGRAM
Program supports events log, warnings and error prevention in “Codes Server”, “Realtime Data
Processing” (etc.) Program operating. The data to save comprise following:
• Start, connection, disconnection, functioning and closing of programs.
• Function of ”OK” button changing parameter, data collection and processing settings in
any program dialogs.
• Error messages.
• Messages about connection, disconnection and
deletion of programs of remote workplaces,
etc.

Program starts and closes automatically. “Watchman” starts automatically and executes its task
even if this program is closed or deleted at the moment when some other program inputs next
writing.

Events log is conducted all the time the well is being drilled and it is saved together with the well
data. It’s necessary for:
• Search and explanation of any the data collection emergency and for clarifying incidents
related to Program complex operating.
• Program errors examining, and so on.

Program’s window is opened or closed with double click of the left mouse button on icon.

“Watchman” window is minimized to tray icon in the taskbar in proper program

function.

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“CREATE NEW WELL OR SIDE TRACK”

PROGRAM
Program is designed for new well or side track well window creation and restoring preceding
well data from archive. “Realtime Data Processing” Program should be closed before running
this Program.

Check availability of the data sets and activation of selection from them on the main screen as
shown in the Figure. The item marked indicates that this item will be saved. From the start
all the items are set to be saved still user can cancel saving of the data he doesn’t need.

During Program starting the source file name set in “Saving to >” box for further saving of well
data. Directory name is created as the Database source directory of MLU and of cluster and well
identifiers set in the dialog “Well\Well Data”. For changes in this dialog click twice the left
mouse button on any place in the dialog. Then it’s necessary to select required operation:
• Create New Well – this operation is selected by default. New well is created indicating
save data directory.
• Restore Well From Archive – this operation is performed after indicating source data
directory and save current data directory.
• Create New Sidetrack – this operation is performed after indicating source data directory
and entering depth of new sidetrack to be created.

To save well data other programs data files it’s necessary in “Save Additional Data” to indicate
the following:
• Load From – location of files to be saved.
• Files Mask – enter files mask of selection or *.* for selecting all files.
• Delete – indicate if it’s required to delete files copies after saving.
• Save As – in save directory indicate directory where the named files will be copied.

In the group “Database of MLU” data sets of the drilled wells data is output from the directory
“X:\PetroServices OnLine\Database\Online\Store”. All the directory contents except
Cancel Saving (the mark is away) will be saved in the given directory and deleted from the

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source directory. The directory of Database of new well MLU will be cleared. For settings
saving press “Run” button. Program executes the following steps:
1. Check for “Realtime data processing” Program load. If Program is loaded it is
automatically commanded to end execution.
2. Check for free access to data sets of MLU Database. It’s required to close all Programs
using data and settings of MLU Database:
3. Loading the end time of the saved former well data,
which at the beginning is also the starting time of a new
well.
4. Query for the starting time of a new well. From the time
point set starts data collecting for the new well.
5. Saving directory of settings and data for the new well.
6. The settings of the ended well are saved and deleted or
cleared. Settings group for the new well is prepared.
7. Time and depth data sets are saved and cleared. Settings
group for receiving new well data is prepared.
8. Data sets references are copied.
9. Data collection system settings are copied.
10. Starting point of the new well data processing is set.

Program ends execution and closes. To end execution before time click the left mouse button on
located in the right upper corner.

Messages and Errors

Directory creation error – Program failed to create directory on disk. The problem lies in the
disk or operating system. Check for free space and restart PC.
File copy error… – the source file is lacking or the existing file to be copied is engaged by
another program. Close all programs using MLU Database (from another PC also) and repeat.

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“START MANAGER” PROGRAM

Program is designed for easy and quick start of the data collection and processing system and its
applications. Installation package ascribes application for automatic loading at Windows starting.

Advanced user having starting keys for these applications inputs in the box the list applications,
their running order and additional parameters to start. Functions buttons on the quick access
panel duplicate menu items:
– Adds application to the list’s end. From
the beginning the additional settings of this
application are not available.
– Deletes application from the list.
– Starts Program run: starting all the
applications in the list.
– Calls dialog of additional parameters
settings for application starting.
– Moves the marked application one step higher in the list.
– Moves the marked application one step lower in the list.

Dialog of additional parameters settings for application starting is called with pressing of the
corresponding button on the panel or double click the left mouse button in the application list
line:
• Changing of the path of the started
application if its location has changed.
• Input command line for application start if
the application is controlled with keys for
the given function activation.
• Marker “Use key of automatic execution
after application start” adds before
application start the key /AutoStart to
command line.
• At starting it’s possible to add
synchronization object: the condition by
which Program cannot start the next
application till preceding application condition is not fulfilled. The next synchronization
methods are maid use of:
o Name of Synchronization Object – loader waits till Windows shows the box with the
given name. This method operates only when one application is loaded. If the
application is loaded several times under the same name synchronization activates for
the first box only.
o Name Of Object Class – loader waits till Windows shows the box with the object
class name. This parameter is unknown to user but can be communicated on request
by the developer. This method operates only when only one application is loaded. If
the application is loaded several times under the same name synchronization actuates
for the first box only.
o <EVENT> Object Free – “Event” object is one more synchronization method of
application operation in Windows. Synchronization object name, if the application
uses it, can be communicated on request by the developer. This synchronization is
lined up into the source code of application and it functions most correctly. At
starting the application creates “Event” object under this name and sets it in the status
“occupied”. After execution of required operations the application frees or deletes

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synchronization object. Doing this loader on receiving message of “Event” object

tree” continues starting the succeeding applications.

If “Start Manager” was initiated with /AutoStart key then after loading execution of Program is
automatically started and closed.

The Table below presents additional data of known applications, which can be started from this
program. Run keys for applications see in corresponding documentation or in files of “Start”
Windows menu with extension LNK.
• Codes collection program for external data collection devices [Link] starts
automatically (this program is automatically started on driver query)
Box class name TCodesServerForm
“Event” object name Event_CodesServer

• Realtime data collection and processing program [Link]

Box class name TIMSOnlineMainForm
“Event” object name Event_OnlineCollection

• Data display in Rig Monitor program [Link]

Box class name TDrillerBoardForm
“Event” object name –

• Realtime data collection and processing program [Link]

Box class name TOnlineViewForm
“Event” object name –

• Database playback view program [Link]

Box class name TPlaybackViewForm
“Event” object name –

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Backup and Restore of the DTCIS Settings

after PC Failure or Reinstall Software
During PC run the events may occur, which can result in emergency shutdown of PC due to
power cut and ensuing fail of the current DTCIS settings and setup. In such situations it’s
desirable to have available a copy of the preceding source data and DTCIS settings. This
problem is solved by means of organizational steps determined by the Mud Logging Unit
operator’s working schedule. The software provides only tools for dealing with this problem.

After installation on the software it’s necessary to set up in the start menu «Start \ PetroServices
Online \ Accessories» the next 2 references to the command files:
• Backup DTCIS-settings – designed for creation of the backup copy of the current DTCIS
settings. The copy is created in the directory «\Backup\Online Archive».
• Restore DTCIS-settings – designed for restoring DTCIS settings from the saved
preceding item of the backup copy of the directory «\Backup\Online Archive».

Attention: these tools do not save the STORE directory data!

Procedure of Creation of DTCIS Settings Backup Copy

In accord with the working schedule or prior to the software installation the operator of Mud
Logging Unit periodically is to perform the following steps for backuping the DTCIS settings:
1. To suspend data processing by the program «Running \ Start of data processing». This is
necessary for provision of data backuping integrity;
2. To start the backup program «Start \ PetroServices Online \ Accessories \ Backup
DTCIS-settings»;
3. To start data processing by the program «Realtime Data Processing» selecting the item
«Running \ Start of data processing».

The copy of DTCIS settings and setup required for restoring operability of the system will be
created in the directory «\Backup\Online Archive».

Procedure of DTCIS Settings Restoring from Backup Copy

In case of DTCIS settings fail due to emergency shutdown of PS or resetting the system the
operator of Mud Logging Unit is able to restore promptly the software operability on conditions
that backup copy of settings is available. To do this requires:
1. To stop the entire data acquisition system including «Codes Server»;
2. To run the program «Start \ PetroServices Online \ Accessories \ Restore DTCIS-
settings»;
3. To start DTCIS program in normal operations mode.

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Appendix А
Table of Settings Files
Application File Name Designation
Reference information on [Link] and .PX The table of the current units of
the parameters and units of measurement. It contains the stored
measurements current settings of the units of
.\Reference measurement parameters of data
visualization and saving.
[Link] The table of limitations of the list of the
and .PX applied units of measurement registered in
the units of measurement list of the DEP-
format references of the directory
.\Reference\CDT200.
References of Mud Logging Directory The references directory of the DEP-
Unit DB .\Reference\CDT200 format data. The files of this directory and
the data files *.DEP are rigidly bound.
System files directory [Link] The file contains the image of Company’s
.\System trade mark displayed in the right upper
corner of the programs’ screen.
Files pairs These files pairs belong to the programs
*.DB and *.PX having the identical name of the executive
modules EXE. This is the list of
parameters and their properties applied by
the corresponding program. The list
contains the following properties:
• parameters code;
• number of values (usually 1);
• output precision;
• status (off, manual, calculated,
sensor);
• minimum and maximum output
boundaries values;
• warning state;
• minimum and maximum warning
boundaries values
and other specific properties of the given
application.
«Realtime Data Cordage equipment The file contains the traveling block data
Processing» Program [Link] for calibration of the hook position sensor.
[Link] The file contains:
• setup of recording in DB;
• the list of visualized screen forms
including separate technological
operations modes screen forms;
• size and locations of the windows
and dialogs.

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[Link] The file contains:

• intermediary calculations values;
• arrays of lag parameters control;
• arrays of trends calculations data.
The file is non-obligatory for saving.
[Link] The file is designed only for special table
of depths, information on which is saved
in it.
«Codes Server» Program [Link] The file contains:
• ring codes base settings;
• drivers record data.
Drivers of data acquisition *.CFG All files with the indicated extensions
devices *.INI contain the settings of the engaged drivers
*.MDB of data acquisition devices.
The current well settings of [Link] Information on well
the directory SET_Compute The table of saving the calculations
.\Database\Online\Settings settings. The data is saved by the
parameters changes time.
A part of the files is saved SET_ManualInput The table of saving the changes values of
in the pair *.DB and *.PX. the parameters stored in the manual input
dialog. The data is saved by the
parameters changes time.
SET_PumpData The table of saving the pumps data. The
data is saved by the parameters changes
time. The amount of records tied to one
time point can be more than one
(depending on number of pumps).
SET_Lagging The table of the tie-in parameters lists of
gas lagging. The data is saved by the
parameters changes time. 3 records are
saved for each time point:
1. the tie-in parameters at wellhead;
2. the tie-in parameters after gas line;
3. the tie-in parameters after
chromatograph.
SET_Sampling The table of the tie-in parameters of
sample lag.
SET_MudData The table of saving the drilling mud data.
The data is saved by the parameters
changes time.
SET_BitData The bit data table. The data is saved by
the bit runs and because of that the table
data is corrected without saving changes
history if the bit parameters are being
corrected during bit running.
SET_HoleList The table of saving the well assembly
data. The data is saved by the bit runs and
because of that the table data is corrected
without saving changes history if the bit
parameters are being corrected during bit
running.

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SET_PipeList
The table of saving the drill string
assembly data. The data is saved by the
bit runs and because of that the table data
is corrected without saving changes
history if the bit parameters are being
corrected during bit running.
SET_JointList The table of saving of the pulled down
casing assembly. The data is saved by the
bit runs and because of that the table data
is corrected without saving changes
history if the bit parameters are being
corrected during bit running.
SET_DirProjectList The table of saving the planned well path
data. The data is saved in single copy
without storing the changes history and is
intended only for corrections and
additions.
SET_DirActualList The table of saving the actual well path
data. The data is saved in single copy
without storing the changes history and is
intended only for corrections and
additions.
SET_Clbr_0000 The parameter calibration data table is
intended for saving the calibration data of
one parameter with DTCIS code indicated
in the table name 0000. The data is saved
by parameter calibration change time.
SET_TechCriterion The table of saving the criteria of
determination of technological operations
on rigsite. The data is saved by parameters
changes time.
SET_TechModel The table of saving the determination
model of technological operations on
rigsite. The data is saved by parameters
changes time.
SET_TechMode The table of saving the determination
criteria of technological mode on rigsite.
The data is saved by parameters changes
time.
The current well data of the [Link] and The table of saving the time balance data.
directory .PX The records are made with 1-hour
.\Database\Online\Store interval.
[Link] System operations events and User work
[Link] log. The file EVN comprises the current
records. The file BAK contains the
preceding interval of records.
[Link] DB of the current well by depth. The
record step is to be set.
Time_000.DEP DB of the current well by time. The
record step is to be set.
Shrt_000.DEP DB of all processed packages.

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