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Semiconductor

The document provides an overview of rectifiers, which are electronic devices that convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It details two types of rectifiers: half-wave and full-wave, explaining their construction, working principles, and circuit diagrams. Additionally, it briefly discusses various diodes, including Zener, photo, solar cells, and LEDs, along with their operational principles.

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anvisoundalgekar
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2 views36 pages

Semiconductor

The document provides an overview of rectifiers, which are electronic devices that convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It details two types of rectifiers: half-wave and full-wave, explaining their construction, working principles, and circuit diagrams. Additionally, it briefly discusses various diodes, including Zener, photo, solar cells, and LEDs, along with their operational principles.

Uploaded by

anvisoundalgekar
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SEMICONDUCTOR

Av Sir
RECTIFIER
Definition
A rectifier is an electronic device that converts
alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC).
Rectification
The process by which a rectifier converts alternating
current (AC) into direct current (DC) is known as
rectification .
Types of Rectifier
Half-Wave Rectifier
Full-Wave Rectifier
HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER

Definition
A rectifier is an electronic device that converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC).

Circuit Diagram
Construction-:
1. Half wave rectifier consists of a transformer, A.C. input source, one
diode and load.
2. Primary coil of transformer is connected to A.C. supply and secondary
coil of transformer is connected in series with diode and load resistor.
Working :-
1. For positive half cycle, point A is at higher and point B is at lower
potential’ That means the diode is in forward biased mode and it can
conduct current through it.
2. For negative half cycle, point A is lower and potential at point B is
higher. That means the diode is in reverse biased mode and hence it
cannot conduct current through it.
3. the current can flow through the load only in the positive half cycle.
Wave form-:
Full-WAVE RECTIFIER

Definition
A rectifier is an electronic device that converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC).

Circuit Diagram
Construction-:
1. It consists of an A.C. input source, transformer, two diodes
and load.
2. Primary coil of transformer is connected to A.C. input supply
and secondary coil is connected to diodes D₁, D₂ and load.
Working :-
1. During the positive half cycle, diode D₁ is in forward bias and
diode D₂ is in reverse bias. Hence, current will flow through
D₁ and not through D₂, and it follows the path A → P → Q →
R → C.
2. During the negative half cycle, diode D₂ is in forward bias
mode and diode D₁ is in reverse bias mode. Hence, current
flows through D₂ and not through D₁, and it follows the path B
→ P → Q → R → S.
3. The current can flow through the load in both cycles.
Wave form-:
Ripple Factor
Filter Circuit
I-V Characteristics
Zener Diode

(Voltage Regulator / Voltage Stablizer)


> It Is a intentionally manufactured diode
to work in Break down region

>Operates in reverse bias mode


Photo Diode

(Photo detector/Photo sensor)

Principle-:It Converts the light energy in to electrical energy


Operates in -: Reverse bias mode
Symbol-: I-V Characteristics of photo diode
I-V Characteristics
Solar Cell

(Photo Voltaic cell)

Principle-:It Converts the Solar energy in to electrical energy


Operates in
Operates in -:
-: Unbiased
Unbias mode
mode
Symbol-: x
Structure of solar cell….
l
I-V Characteristics
LED

(Light emitting diode)

Principle-:It Converts the electrical energy in to light energy

Operates in -: forward biased mode

Symbol-:
☓-NOR Gate
nor

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