1. Read the following text and choose the best answer to fill in the blanks.
Coal, oil, and natural gas supply modern civilization (1) __________ most of its
power. However, not only are supplies of these fuels limited, but they are a major
source of pollution. If the energy demands of the future are to be met without
seriously harming the environment, existing (2) __________ energy sources must be
improved or further explored and developed. These include nuclear, water, solar,
wind, and geothermal power, as well as energy from new, (3) __________ types of
fuels. Each of these alternatives, (4) __________, has advantages and disadvantages.
Nuclear power plants efficiently produce large amounts of electricity without
polluting the atmosphere; however, they are costly to build and maintain, and they
pose the daunting problem of (5) __________ to do with nuclear wastes.
Hydroelectric power is inexpensive and environmentally safe, but impractical for
communities located far from moving water. Harnessing energy from tides and waves
has similar drawbacks. Solar power holds great promise for the future but methods of
collecting and – concentrating sunlight are as yet inefficient as are methods of
harnessing wind power.
1. A. on B. for C. with D. of
2. A. available B. alternative C. man-made D. natural
3. A. non-polluting B. pollution C. polluted D. polluting
4. A. so B. instead of C. additionally D. however
5. A. why B. when C. what D. who
6. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered
blanks from 1 to 5.
Global warming refers to the rise in average surface temperatures on Earth. An
overwhelming scientific consensus maintains that climate change is due primarily to
the human use of fossil fuels, which (1) __________ carbon dioxide and other
greenhouse gases into the air. The gases trap heat within the atmosphere, which can
have a range of effects on ecosystems, (2) __________ rising sea levels, severe
weather events, and droughts that render landscapes more susceptible to wildfires.
While consensus among nearly all scientists, scientific organizations, and
governments is (3)__________ climate change is happening and is caused by human
activity, a small minority of voices questions the validity of such assertions and
prefers to cast doubt on the preponderance of evidence. Climate change deniers often
claim that recent changes (4) __________ to human activity can be seen as part of the
natural variations in Earth’s climate and temperature, and that it is difficult or
impossible to establish a direct connection between climate change and any single
weather event, such as a hurricane. While the latter is generally true, decades of data
and analysis support the reality of climate change and the human
factor in this process. In any case, economists agree that acting to reduce fossil fuel
emissions would be far less expensive than (5) __________ with the consequences of
not doing so.
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Question 1: A returns B. repeats C. releases D. retakes
Question 2: A. including B. making C. consisting D. containing
Question 3: A. which B. what C. this D. that
Question 4: A. attributed B. contributed C. believed D. talked
Question 5: A. facing B. solving C. treating D. Dealing
7. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered
blanks from 1 to 5.
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is an organization of ten
Southeast Asian countries: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar,
(1) ____ Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. It promotes political,
economic, cultural and social cooperation (2) ____ its members. Although ASEAN
works for peace and stability in Southeast Asia, it is not a defence organization.
The members of ASEAN cooperate in such fields (3) ____ population control,
prevention of drug abuse, (4) ____ research and combating terrorism. Teachers,
students and artists of the member nations exchange visits. In addition, the
organization develops plans to promote tourism in ASEAN countries and to
encourage programs of Southeast Asian studies. It works to (5) ____ trade barriers
among the members.
Question 1: A. the B. a C. an D. Ø
Question 2: A. between B. through C. among D. from
Question 3: A. like B. as C. alike D. that
Question 4: A. scientific B. science C. scientist D. scientifically
Question 5: A. increase B. prevent C. develop D. reduce
8. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the
correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Practitioners of sustainable agriculture seek to integrate three main objectives into
their work: a healthy environment, economic profitability, and social and economic
equity. Every person involved in the food system - growers, food processors,
distributors, retailers, consumers, and waste managers - can (29) ______ a role in
ensuring a sustainable agricultural system.
There are many practices commonly used by people working in sustainable
agriculture and sustainable food systems. Growers may use methods to promote soil
health, minimise water use, and lower (30) ______ levels on the farm. Consumers and
retailers concerned with sustainability can look for “values-based” foods (31) ______
are grown using methods promoting farm worker wellbeing, are environmentally
friendly, or strengthen the local economy. And researchers in sustainable agriculture
often cross disciplinary lines with their work: combining biology, economics,
engineering, chemistry, community development, and (32) ______ others. (33)
______, sustainable agriculture is more than a collection of practices. It is also a
process of negotiation: a push and pull between the sometimes competing interests of
an individual farmer or of people in a community as they work to solve complex
problems about how we grow our food and fibre.
Source: [Link]
Question 29: A. have B. take C. play D. make
Question 30: A. pollution B. polluted C. polluting D. pollute
Question 31: A. when B. that C. whose D. where
Question 32: A. lot of B. much C. many D. number
Question 33: A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Furthermore D. However