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The Modal Model

The Modal Model of memory consists of three stages: Sensory Memory, Working Memory, and Long-Term Memory, each with distinct characteristics regarding capacity and duration. The Primacy and Recency effects illustrate how people recall items from a list, with better recall for the first and last items due to rehearsal and working memory retention, respectively. Key experiments show that unfilled delays maintain recency, while filled delays diminish it, emphasizing the differences in memory processes.

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Evie Smith
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2 views1 page

The Modal Model

The Modal Model of memory consists of three stages: Sensory Memory, Working Memory, and Long-Term Memory, each with distinct characteristics regarding capacity and duration. The Primacy and Recency effects illustrate how people recall items from a list, with better recall for the first and last items due to rehearsal and working memory retention, respectively. Key experiments show that unfilled delays maintain recency, while filled delays diminish it, emphasizing the differences in memory processes.

Uploaded by

Evie Smith
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

The Modal Model

Overall for memory; the process for retaining information is acquisition, storage, and retrieval

The Modal Model has 3 stages; Sensory Memory, Working Memory, Long-Term Memory

1.​ Sensory Memory


-​ Has large capacity but information in this stage can only last for a few seconds
-​ Has raw sensory information (e.g. hearing, seeing)
-​ If you pay attention the information moves to working memory

2.​ Working Memory


-​ Much more active, and it’s what your actively thinking about
-​ Has much less capacity because the information you have is what you’re thinking
about in the moment
-​ Used to solve things like math problems, reading, writing, etc.

3.​ Long Term Memory


-​ Has the largest capacity
-​ Able to store information that last up an hour to decades to come
-​ Takes effort but often be slow

Primacy vs. Recency


When recalling a list of words here’s what's interesting about them
The first few items listed - you remember
The middle items listed - you don’t remember as much
The last few items listed - you remember

Primary Effect
-​ Recalling the first few items on the list
-​ Rehearsal happens more often in the first few items so theres better chances for it to
be in long term memory

Recency Effect
-​ Last few items on the list
-​ Located in working memory,

Here's the key experiment


Participants waited 30 seconds before recalling the words.
-​ Unfilled delay (just waiting): recency mostly remained because they could keep
rehearsing.
-​ Filled delay (repeating "ta-ta-ta..." or another task): brecency disappeared, but
primacy stayed.

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