I.

SCATTERPLOTS
Scatter plot

A scatterplot is a graph in which points are plotted on the 𝑥𝑦-plane. Scatterplots are commonly used
to display the correlation between two variables of interest in an experiment. Unlike the graph of a
function, these points are not connected by line.

Example 1:
Have you ever wondered if height is related to arm span? Whether tall people have longer arms
than short people?

To answer these questions, we can investigate the relationship between a person’s height and
his or her arm span by collecting data on both quantities from several people, as shown in the
table below.
Height Arm Span Height Arm Span Height Arm Span
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
162 156 162 161 185 173
160 157 170 162 176 173
162 159 166 165 173 177
155 160 170 170 176 177
160 161 167 170 178 178

We can then plot these data into a scatterplot to see whether there is a correlation between
them.

180
175
Arm Span (cm)

170
165
160
155
150
150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190
Height (cm)

One of the required skills for analyzing the scatterplots is the ability to identify the coordinates of a
given point. One the SAT, some questions will require us to interpret a situation, find a point matching
some conditions, determine the coordinates, and perform some calculation with those coordinates (e.g.,
percent increase or decrease).

1
Example 2:
40
35

Number of repetions on day 20

30
𝐷
25 𝐶

20
𝐴 𝐵
15
10
5
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Number of repetitions on day 1

The scatterplot above shows the number of repetitions of an exercise ten members of a gym could
complete the 1st and 20th days of an exercise program. Of the labeled points, for which is the ratio
of the number of repetitions completed on the 20th day to the number of repetitions completed on
the 1st day the greatest?
A. 𝐴
B. 𝐵
C. 𝐶
D. 𝐷

To solve this question, first we need to find the coordinate for each of the points:

𝐴(5,15) 𝐵(9,15) 𝐶(17,23) 𝐷(22,26)

Then we can calculate the ratio of the y-coordinate to the x-coordinate and find the greatest
value

15 15 23 26
𝐴: =3 𝐵: ≈ 1.67 𝐶: ≈ 1.35 𝐷: ≈ 1.18
5 9 17 22

The labeled point for which the ratio is the greatest is point 𝐴 → Option A is correct

2
 Example 3:

11
10
9
Rank in Soccer 8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Rank in Tenis

The scatterplot above shows the ranking of 10 students in two sports. How many students
received the same rank in both sports?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

To solve this question, first we need to find the coordinate for each of the points:

𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 1 (1,3) 𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 2 (2,2) 𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 3 (3,4) 𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 4 (4,1) 𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 5 (5,5)
𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 6 (6,7) 𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 7 (7,6) 𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 8 (8,9) 𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 9 (9,10) 𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 10 (10,8)

From the list of students, we can see that there are two students who have the same ranking
for both sports: Student 2 rank second in both sports, and student 5 rank fifth in both sports.

→ Option B is correct

Line of best fit

When there is a correlation between two variables in the scatterplot, we can use the line of best fit to
model this correlation. The method of accurately drawing the line is far beyond the scope of the SAT test,
so we could eyeball the line and graph it. The line may pass through some of the points, none of the
points, or all of the points.

3
 We must notice that the line of best fit only models the overall trend of the data. We can use it to
estimate other missing values in the scatter plot, but we may not use it to get the exact value.

Let’s examine the scatterplot shown in Example 1 above:

180
175
Arm Span (cm) 170
165
160
155
150
150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190
Height (cm)

We can see that there is a correlation between the two variables plotted here. The overall trend is
that the taller the person, most likely the longer his or her arm span is. This statement may not be true
for all of the data, since a person who is 170cm tall has a shorter arm span than a person who is 166cm
tall: 162cm compared to 165cm respectively.

We can draw the line of best fit for this scatterplot by drawing a line passing through the middle of
the cluster of points so that the number of points above and below the line is balanced

185
180
Arm Span (cm)

175
170
165
160
155
150
150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190
Height (cm)

By using this line of best fit, we can estimate other missing values in the table. For example: a person
who is 175cm tall may have an arm span of 173cm, or a person who is 180cm tall may have an arm span
of 176cm.

NOTE: when the questions ask us to use a value predicted by the line of best fit, use the values of the
line, not the value of points on the scatterplot closest to the line.

4
Example 4:

The first metacarpal bone is located in the wrist. The scatterplot below shows the relationship
between the length of the first metacarpal bone and height for 9 people. The line of best fit is also
shown.
185

180

175
Height (cm)

170

165

160

155
4 4.5 5
Length of first metacarpal bone (cm)

How many of the nine people have an actual height that differs by more than 3 centimeters from
the height predicted by the line of best fit?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 9

Let’s find the coordinates of the points on the scatterplot

Length of first Height predicted by the

Actual height Difference
metacarpal bone line of best fit
4 157 161.6 4.6
4.1 163 163.1 0.1
4.3 175 167 8
4.5 171 170.9 0.1
4.6 173 172.9 0.1
4.7 173 174.5 1.5
4.8 172 176.5 4.5
4.9 183 178.2 4.8
5 178 180 2

→ There are 4 people – with metacarpal bone of length 4.0, 4.3, 4.8, and 4.9cm who have
actual height that are 3cm different from the height predicted by the line of best fit
→ Option B is correct

5
Practice

1. 2.

Sam monitored gas prices at her local gas station

throughout 2014. The scatterplot above shows
The scatterplot to the left shows the number, 𝑁,
the price 𝑔, in dollars, for 1 gallon of gas on
of rock albums sold in millions in the United
various days of the year, where 𝑑 represents
States (US) from 2008 to 2014. A line of best fit
days since January 1, 2014. A function that
is shown on the graph. According to the model,
models the data is shown on the graph. Which
if this trend continues, which of the following
of the following best approximates the price for
best predicts the number of rock albums sold in
1 gallon of gas on September 12, 2014, the
the US in 2016 ?
255𝑡ℎ day of the year?
A. 8 million
A. $2.55
B. 68 million
B. $3.10
C. 83 million
C. $3.30
D. 130 million
D. $3.50

6
 3. 4.

The scatterplot above shows the final exam

scores in English and Math for seven students.
What is the English final exam score for the
student who received the greatest Math final
exam score?
The scatterplot above shows the number of
college students, 𝑛, in millions, who enrolled in A. 35
at leasts one online-course from 2002 to 2011, B. 40
where 𝑡 represents years since 2002. A best fit C. 80
line that approximates the data is also shown on D. 90
the scatterplot. Which of the following is closest
to the yearly increase in online college student
enrollment from 2002 to 2011 ?

A. 130,000
B. 580,000
C. 1,725,000
D. 58,000,000

7
 5.

In the scatterplot above, each point represents

the number of cases decided by the United
States Supreme Court during a particular year.
According to the line of best fit, which of the
following best approximates the year in which
the number of cases decided by the United
States Supreme Court was estimated to be 100
?

A. 1994
B. 1996
C. 2000
D. 2006

8
 II. STATISTICS
Mean

The mean of a list of numbers is found by dividing the sum of the numbers in the list by the amount
of numbers in the group

𝒔𝒖𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒕

𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒉𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒄 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏 =
𝒂𝒎𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒕

NOTE: The SAT test uses the terms “mean,” “average,” and “arithmetic mean” interchangeably.

Example 5:

What is the average test score for the class of five students if the scores they received are
92. 81, 45, 95, and 68 ?

First, let’s find the sum of the five scores

→ 92 + 81 + 45 + 95 + 68 = 381

Then we divide the sum by the number of students:

381
→ = 76.2
5

→ The average score is 76.2

Sometimes, the questions will give us the average and ask for the value of one of the numbers. We
can solve these questions by, first, multiplying the average and the number of members to get the sum
and, then, subtract the given values from the sum.

Example 6:

The average of seven numbers is 39. If six of the numbers are 18, 49, 25, 19, 38, and 39, what is
the seventh number?

First, let’s find the sum of the numbers

→ 39 ∗ 7 = 273

Then we subtract the given six values from 276

→ 273 − 18 − 49 − 25 − 19 − 38 − 39 = 85

→ The seventh number is 85

9
Median

The median of a list of numbers is the value directly in the middle of the list when the numbers are
arranged in either increasing or decreasing order.

If the list of numbers has an even number of members, the median is the average of the 2 terms in
the middle. If the list of numbers has an odd number of members, the median is the number exactly in
the middle.

Example 7:

What is the median value of the set of numbers {4, 12, 15, 3, 7, 10}

First, let’s arrange the value in increasing order

3, 4, 7, 10, 12, 15

There is an even number of members, six, so the median is the average of the two terms in the
middle
7 + 10
→ = 8.5
2

→ The median of the list is 8.5

Example 8:

What is the median value of the set of numbers {29, 8, 9, 1, 11, 7, 3}

First, let’s arrange the value in decreasing order

29, 11, 9, 8, 7, 3, 1

There is an odd number of members, seven, so the median is the value in the middle of the list
→8

→ The median of the list is 8

10
 Example 9:

What is the median value of the set of numbers {2, 4, 3, 3, 5, 1}

First, let’s arrange the value in increasing order

1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5

There is an even number of members, six, so the median is the average of the two terms in the
middle
3+3
→ =3
2

→ The median of the list is 3

Mode

The mode of a list of numbers is the numbers that repeat the most frequently in the list. We don’t
have to rearrange the numbers in the list to find the mode. We simply have to count the number of times
each value appears in the list and choose the ones that are most frequent.

Example 10:

What is the mode of the set of numbers {5, 6, 2, 2, 2, 7}

The values 5, 6, and 7 appear once each while 2 appears three times

→ The mode of the list is 2

Example 11:

What is the mode of the set of numbers {108, 43, 108, 45, 61, 47, 43, 46, 46, 50, 49}

The values 45, 61, 47, 50, and 49 appear once each while 108, 43, and 46 appear twice each

→ The modes of the list are 108, 43 and 46.

11
 Example 12:

What is the mode of the set of numbers {13, 20, 14, 27, 20, 13, 27, 14}

Each value repeats twice in the list

→ There is no mode

Range

The range of a list of numbers is the difference between the highest value in the list and the lowest
value in the list.

Example 13:

What is the range of the set of numbers {29, 8, 9, 1, 11, 7, 3}

The highest value of the list is 29 and the lowest value is 1

→ 29 − 1 = 28

→ The range is 28

Practice

Question 1 and 2 1.
What is the average price of the cell phones?
The table below shows the prices of the six
different cell phones that a store carries. A. $69.99
B. $79.99
Phone Price C. $89.99
SJ-119 $49.99 D. $99.99

SJ-220 $69.99
RV-375 $79.99 2.
RV-400 $99.99 What is the median price of the cell phones?

RKV-5000 $139.99 A. $69.99

B. $79.99
RKV-9000 $159.99
C. $89.99
D. $99.99

12
 3. 5.

Archive Number of distinct languages Day Ticket price

Archive A 111 Monday $56
Archive B 3 Tuesday $45
Archive C 136 Wednesday $45
Archive D 26 Thursday $73
Archive E 53 Friday $73
Archive F 258 Saturday $73
Archive G 17 Sunday $56

A linguistics library contains several archives of The price of a ticket to a concert varies
language samples. The table above shows the depending on the day of the week, as shown in
number of distinct languages referenced in each the table above. How much greater is the mean
archive. What is the range of numbers of distinct ticket price than the median ticket price in
languages referenced? dollars, to the nearest cent?

4. 6.

Letter count Number of words listed Quiz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 letters 12 Score 87 75 90 83 98 87 91
5 letters 49
6 letters 12 The table above shows the scores for Peter’s
first seven math quizzes. Which of the following
7 letters 9
are true about his scores?
8 letters 1
I. The mode is greater than the median.
On a message board, participant listed words II. The median is greater than the mean.
whose letters are all in alphabetical order, such III. The range is greater than 20
as “almost.” The table above lists the number of
words they listed with each letter count. What A. II only
was the median letter count of the words they B. III only
listed? C. II and III
D. I, II, and III

13
 III. PROBABILITY
Probability is how likely something will happen. The value of probability ranges from 0 to 1.

0≤𝑝≤1

If something has a probability of 0, it will never happen while if something has a probability of 1, it
will certainly happen.

On the SAT, questions regarding probability involve only the most basic calculation of probability.

𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒔

𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 =
𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒔

Example 14:

In a class, there are 10 boys and 15 girls. If a student is chosen at random, what is the probability
that the student is a boy?

The total number of students:

→ 10 + 15 = 25

The probability that the student is a boy:

10 2
→ =
25 5

Example 15:

Peter is at a car dealership. He is going to randomly select a vehicle to test drive. There are 11
trucks, 9 vans, and 5 compact cars. What is the probability that he picks the compact car?

The total number of vehicle:

→ 11 + 9 + 5 = 25

The probability that Peter picks a compact car:

5 1
→ = = 0.2
25 5

Probability questions on the SAT test usually involve tables of data, so finding the probability of an
event may be more complicated than what is shown in Example 14 and 15. Aside from knowing the basic
rule to calculate probability, we also have to know how to identify the proper numbers, the number of
possible outcomes and the total number of outcome, to use.

14
 NOTE: Sometimes the total number of outcomes is not the total sum in the table of data – the largest
value. We must assess the questions carefully in order to determine what to use for the total number of
outcomes.

Let’s look at the three different cases in example 15 shown below.

Example 15:
Beef Chicken
First Class 15 20
Coach 50 115

The table above summarizes the meat preferences of passengers on a particular flight. Calculate
the following probabilities.

i. If a passenger is chosen at random from this flight, what is the probability that the passenger
is in first class and prefers beef?

ii. If a first class passenger is chosen at random from this flight, what is the probability that the
passenger chosen prefers beef?

iii. If a passenger who prefers beef is chosen at random from this flight, what is the probability
that the passenger is in first class?

i. If a passenger is chosen at random from this flight, what is the probability that the passenger
is in first class and prefers beef?

The question says “if a passenger is chosen at random from this flight”
→ we are choosing from the whole flight
→ the total number of outcomes: 15 + 50 + 20 + 115 = 200

The question asks for the probability that the passenger is in first class and has a preference
for beef
→ the number of possible outcomes: 15

The probability that a passenger is in first class and prefers beef:

15 3
→ =
200 40

15
 ii. If a first class passenger is chosen at random from this flight, what is the probability that the
passenger chosen prefers beef?

The question says “if a first class passenger is chosen at random from this flight”
→ we are choosing from the first class section only
→ the total number of outcomes: 15 + 20 = 35

The question asks for the probability that the passenger prefers beef
→ among the 35 first class passengers, only 15 prefer beef
→ the number of possible outcomes: 15

The probability that a first class passengers prefers beef:

15 3
→ =
35 7

iii. If a passenger who prefers beef is chosen at random from this flight, what is the probability
that the passenger is in first class?

The question says “if a passenger who prefers beef is chosen at random from this flight”
→ we are choosing from those who prefer beef only
→ 15 + 50 = 65

The question asks for the probability that the passenger is in first class
→ among the 65 passengers who prefer beef, only 15 are in first class

The probability that a passenger who prefers beef is in first class:

15 3
→ =
65 13

16
Practice

1. 16
A.
47
Results of College Applications 31
Attended Attended B.
47
private school public school
Offered 16
37 144 C.
Admission 100
Not offered 31
51 168
Admission D.
100
The table above summarizes the results of 400
applications handled by a team of admissions
3.
officers at a particular college. If one of the
students who were offered admission is chosen
Drive to Walk to
at random, what is the probability that the Total
school school
students attended private school? Junior 3 25 28
144 Senior 15 7 22
A.
181 Total 18 32 50
37
B. The table above shows the distribution of age
181 and year in school for 50 students who
144 answered a survey in the school newspaper
C.
400 asking about the most frequent way students
37 get to school. If one of the survey respondents is
D. chosen at random, what is the probability that
400
the person chosen is either a junior who drives
2. to school or a senior who walks to school?

4
Reading preferences A.
50
Novels Non-fiction 10
Male 16 34 B.
50
Female 31 19 21
C.
The table above summarizes the results of a
50
survey of 100 adults about their preferences for 28
D.
leisure reading. If one of the adults who prefer 50
reading novels is chosen at random, what is the
probability that the person is male?

17
 IV. HOMEWORK
1. 3.

The length of the land boundary (in thousands

of kilometers) of each country in South America
is shown above. Each value is rounded to the
nearest thousand kilometers. According to the
dot plot, what are the range, median, mode, and
average of land boundary lengths, in thousands
of kilometers?

The scatterplot above shows the amount of

nitrogen fertilizer applied to 8 oat fields and
their yields. The line of best fit is also shown.
Which of the following is closest to the amount
2. of nitrogen applied, in pounds per acre, to the
oat field whose yield is best predicted by the line
Speed (mph) Frequency
of best fit?
117 1
119 3 A. 200
B. 350
120 1
C. 400
121 4 D. 450
123 1
125 2
126 1 4.
If the average of 6, 6, 12, 16, and x is equal to x,
127 6
what is the value of x?
A golfer measured the speed, in miles per hour
A. 6
(mph) of several drives with the same golf club.
B. 8
The frequency table above tells how often each C. 10
speed occurred. What is the median speed of D. 12
the drives?

18
 5. 6.

Restaurant Policies on Glasses of Water

Diners must Water given
ask automatically
More
36 64
expensive
Less
53 47
expensive
In the dot plot above, the length of the coastline
The table above summarizes the results of a of each country in South America is shown in
survey of 200 restaurants regarding their thousands of kilometers (1000-km), rounded to
policies for providing glasses of water to diners. the nearest thousand kilometers. According to
Restaurants were characterized as more the dot plot, what is the mean length of
expensive or less expensive based on the coastline, in thousands of kilometers?
average cost of a meal. All 200 restaurants
either provided water automatically to diners at
the start of a meal or provided water only when
diners asked for it. If a less expensive restaurant
was chosen at random, what is the probability
that the restaurant’s policy was to provide water
only when diners asked for it?
7.
36 Robert is training for a track and field
A.
89 competition. The finishing times, in minutes, for
53 his practice runs last month are listed below.
B.
89
What is the median of Robert’s finishing times
47
C. for last month, in minutes?
100
53 9.7 8.4 11.1 9.3 10.8 8.1 9.5
D.
100
A. 9.3
B. 9.4
C. 9.5
D. 9.6

19
 8. 10.

People on a First-Name Basis with Neighbors

None 1 or 2 3 or 5 More than 5 Total
City A 7 11 12 20 50
City B 5 17 12 16 50
Total 12 28 24 36 100

The data in the table above were produced by a

sociologist studying relations between neighbors
in two cities. Fifty people from each of two cities
were asked how many of their neighbors
(defined as people living on the same street)
they knew on a first-name basis. If a person is
The scatterplot above shows the height, in
chosen at random from those who were on a
inches, of 10 plants in a garden and the number
first-name basis with 3 or more neighbors, what
of flowers on each of the 10 plants. The line of
is the probability that the person is from City B?
best fit is also shown. For the plant with the
height of 20, the actual number of flowers on 16
the plant is about how many more than the A.
50
number predicted by the line of best fit?
28
B.
A. 1 50
B. 2 28
C. 3 C.
60
D. 4
60
D.
100
9.
Each of the 5 people had a blank card on which 11.
they wrote a positive integer. If the average of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
these integers is 15, what is the greatest Which statement is true about the average,
possible integer that could be on one of the median, and mode of the 11 numbers listed
cards? above?
A. The average, median, and mode are all
different.
B. The average and median are the same, but
the mode is different.
C. The average and mode are the same, but
the median is different
D. The average, median, and mode are all the
same

20
 12. graph, which model achieves the greatest
number of miles per gallon of gasoline?
Time in minutes Number of runners
18 1 A. A
19 2 B. B
20 3 C. C
21 6 D. D
22 𝑟
23 1
24 2 14.

The time in minutes, rounded to the nearest

minute, 𝑡, that runners took to finish a 3-mile
race is shown in the table to the above. If the
mean finish time was 21 minutes, what is the
value of 𝑟 in this table?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 6

13.
500
The scatterplot above shows the distribution of
D seats for the restaurants in 7 different mall food
400
B courts. The line of best fit is also shown.
Number of Miles

C According to the data, what is the total number

300
of seats at the food court represented by the
A data point that is farthest from the line of best
200
fit?

100 A. 200
B. 240
0 C. 320
0 6 12 18 24 D. 560
Tank Size (gallon)

The scatterplot above shows the gasoline tank

size for five models of cars – A, B, C, and D – and
the number of miles each model is expected to
travel on a full tank of gasoline. According to the

21
 15. 17.

Year Number of Students Enrolled Day Ticket Price

1992 𝑥 Monday $256
Tuesday $345
1993 1552
Wednesday $345
1994 1238
Thursday $473
1995 1459 Friday $473
1996 1351 Saturday $473
Sunday $256
The table above shows student enrollment at
Weston High School from 1992 through 1996. If The price of an airline ticket varies depending on
the median enrollment for the five years was the day of the week, as shown in the table
1351, and no two years had the same above. What is the difference between the
enrollment, what is the greatest possible value mean and the median ticket prices, round to the
for 𝑥? nearest dollars?

A. $29
B. $99
C. $128
D. The mean and the median are equal

16.
18.
Month Civil aircraft produced
A Per pupil
400 Year
expenditure
B ?
2008 $11,223
C 286
D 350 2009 $11,665
E 290 2010 $11,825
2011 $11,864
The table above partially reports the
2012 $11,735
numbers of civil aircraft produced in the
United States during the course The table above shows the annual average per
of 5 months. If there was a mean of 325 civil pupil educational expenditures in the United
aircraft produced during that time, how States from 2008 through 2012. What is the
many were produced in month B? range of the per pupil expenditures?

22
 19. cat under 1 year old or a dog 1 year old or
older?

2
A.
53
12
B.
53
27
C.
53
32
D.
53

The scatterplot above shows the relationship

between age, in years, and shoe size for 24
males between 10 and 20 years old. The line of
best fit is also shown. Based on the data, how
21.
many 19 year old males had a shoe size greater
than the one predicted by the line of best fit? 14
Number of organisms

12
10
A. 1 8
B. 2 6
C. 3 4
D. 4 2
0
0 1 2 3 4
Depth in meters
20.
Bally tracked the number of living organisms she
Pet Adoptions found at different depths in a pond near her
Cats Dogs Total home, as shown in the histogram to the left.
Under 1 year old 4 23 27 What is the range of depths at which Bally found
living organisms?
1 year old or older 18 8 26
Total 22 31 53 A. 1
B. 4
The table above shows the distribution of animal C. 5
type and age for all of the pets adopted at an D. 10
animal shelter during a particular month. If one
of the adopted animals is chosen at random,
what is the probability that the animal is either a

23
 22. A. Both the median and the mean will increase.
7 B. Both the median and the mean will
6
decrease.
5
C. The median will decrease by the mean will
4
3
increase.
2 D. The median will increase, but the mean will
1 decrease
0
50 60 70 80 90 100

In a certain game, the only scores were 50, 60,

70, 80, 90, and 100. The bar graph above shows
24.
the scores of 23 children who played this game.
Which of the following correctly shows the order
of the median, mode, and average of the 23 Sugar content
scores?
Contains Contains
Drink type
sugar no sugar
A. Average < Median < Mode
Carbonated
B. Average < Mode < Median
C. Mode < Average < Median Non-carbonated
D. Mode < Median < Average Total 84 72

23. The incomplete table above summarizes the

number of carbonated and non-carbonated
𝑘𝑔 drinks by sugar content for sales by a concession
Crop Yield (ℎ𝑎)
stand at a high-school football game. Twice as
A 46,400 many non-carbonated drinks containing sugar
B 75,000 were sold as carbonated drinks containing sugar,
C 75,930 and three times as many carbonated drinks
D 53,130 containing no sugar were sold as non-
carbonated drinks containing no sugar. If the
E 42,530
concession stand sold a total of 84 drinks
containing sugar and 72 containing no sugar,
A farmer recorded the total fresh yield, in
which of the following is closest to the
𝑘𝑔
kilograms per hectare (ℎ𝑎) of several varieties probability that a non-carbonated drink chosen
at random contained sugar?
of onion crops. The table above gives the results.
If the farmer tried a new variety, with A. 0.757
𝑘𝑔 B. 0.667
a 57,930 ℎ𝑎 yield, how would it affect the
C. 0.600
median and mean of the crop yields? D. 0.586

24