WORKSHEET:
Lesson 2: Translational and Rotational Motion
At the end of the lesson, learners shall be able to:
Students can:
1. Use the relationships:
o s = rθ
o v = rω
o a = rα
2. Solve simple problems involving these relationships.
DISCUSSION:
To compute linear motion and angular motion, you need to know the
basic quantities and formulas that connect them.
1. Linear Motion
Linear motion describes movement along a straight path.
Symb
Quantity Formula Unit
ol
Distance d d = vt m
Velocity v v = d/t m/s
Acceleratio
a a = v-u/t m/s²
n
Where:
(d) = distance
(v) = final velocity
(u) = initial velocity
(t) = time
(a) = acceleration
Example 1
A student walks 20 m in 5 s. What is the velocity?
v = d/t
v = 20m/5s
v = 4 m/s
Answer: Linear velocity = 4 m/s
2. Angular Motion
Angular motion describes rotation around an axis.
Symb
Quantity Formula Unit
ol
Angular θ
= s/r rad
displacement θ
Angular velocity ω ω = θ/t rad/s
Angular
α α = ωf- ωi/t rad/s²
acceleration
Where:
(s) = arc length
(r) = radius
θ = angular displacement
ω = angular velocity
Example 2
A wheel rotates through 6 radians in 2 seconds.
ω = θ/t
ω = 6rad/2s
ω = 3rad/s
Answer: Angular velocity = 3 rad/s
Relationship Between Linear and Angular Motion
For rotating objects, linear and angular quantities are related by:
Linear Velocity and Angular Velocity
v=rω
where:
(v) = linear velocity (m/s)
(r) = radius (m)
ω = angular velocity (rad/s)
Example 3
A bicycle wheel has a radius of 0.35 m and rotates at 8 rad/s.
v=rω
v = (0.35m)(8rad/s)
v = 2.8 m/s
Answer: Linear velocity = 2.8 m/s
Visual Relationship
Linear
Angular Equivalent
Quantity
Angular displacement
Distance (d)
(θ)
Velocity (v) Angular velocity (ω)
Acceleration Angular acceleration
(a) (α)
A useful formula for teaching the relationship is:
v=rω
This formula is central to understanding how rotational motion produces
linear motion.
Example in Human Movement and Ergonomics:
During walking, the hip and knee joints rotate (angular motion).
This rotation causes the foot to move forward (linear motion).
In cycling, the pedals rotate angularly while the bicycle moves linearly.
ACTIVITY 1:
1. A car travels 100 m in 20 s. Find its velocity.
2. A wheel rotates 15 rad in 5 s. Find its angular velocity.
3. A merry-go-round has a radius of 2 m and rotates at 4 rad/s. Find its
linear velocity?
ACTIVITY 2: Visual Analysis of Linear and Angular Motion
PART A. Study each image and complete the table.
Linear Motion Angular Motion
Image
Observed Observed
Bicycle moving Wheel and pedals
Cyclist
forward rotating
Basketball
Player
Walking Person
Merry-Go-
Round
PART B. For each image, answer:
1. Which body part or object rotates?
2. Which body part or object moves in a straight-line direction?
3. How does the angular motion produce linear motion?
4. What would happen if the angular motion stopped?
Part C: Compute from the Visual
Scenario 1: Cyclist
The bicycle wheel has:
Radius = 0.35 m
Angular velocity = 8 rad/s
Find the linear velocity.
Scenario 2: Basketball Shot
The player's forearm rotates through 2 radians in 0.5 second.
Find the angular velocity.
Guide Questions for Discussion
1. Why do many human movements involve both linear and angular
motion?
2. How do rotating joints help produce movement?
3. Which sport relies heavily on angular motion?
4. How can understanding motion improve ergonomics and athletic
performance?