12 MATRICES
03 Chapter 01
Matrices
MATRICES
MATRICES
Previous Year Questions
1. If for a square matrix A, A2 − 3 A + I = O and [CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)]
−1
A = xA + yI , then the value of x + y is : 0 1
7. If A = , then A
2023
is equal to
(a) 2 (b) 2 0 0
(c) 3 (d) −3 0 1 0 2023
(a) (b)
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] 0 0 0 0
2. If A = 2 , where A is a 2 × 2 matrix, then 4A−1 0 0 2023 0
(c) (d)
equals: 0 0 0 2023
(a) 4 (b) 2 [CBSE 65-2-1 (2023)]
1 2 0
(c) 8 (d)
32 8. If = P + Q , where P is a symmetric and Q is
5 4
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)]
a skew symmetric matrix, then Q is equal to
3. Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix such that adj A = 64 . Then
5 −5
A is equal to : 2 2 0 2
(a) (b)
(b) – 8 only 5
5 4 0
(a) 8 only
(c) 64 (d) 8 or – 8 2 2
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] 5 −5
3 4 0 2 2 2
4. If A = and 2A + B is a null matrix, then B is (c) (d)
5 2 −5 0 5 4
equal to : 2 2
6 8 −6 −8 [CBSE 65-2-1 (2023)]
(a) (b)
10 4 −10 −4 1 2 1
9. If 2 3 1 is non-singular matrix and a A , then the
5 8 −5 −8
(c) (d) 3 a 1
10 3 −10 −3
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] set A is
0 1 (a) (b) 0
If A = and ( 3I + 4 A )( 3I − 4 A ) = x I , then the
2
5.
−1 0 (c) 4 (d) − 4
value(s) x is/are : [CBSE 65-2-1 (2023)]
(a) 7 (b) 0 −3 −2 −4 1 2 0
(c) 5 (d) 25 10. (a) If A = 2 1 2 , B = −2 −1 −2 , then find
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] 2 1 3 0 −1 1
1 2 −2 3 −1 1 AB and use it to solve the following system of
6. (a) If A = −1 3 0 and B = −15 6 −5 ,
−1
equations :
0 −2 1 5 −2 2 x − 2y = 3
2x − y − z = 2
find ( AB ) .
−1
−2 y + z = 3
OR
(b) Solve the following system of equations by matrix OR
method : cos − sin 0
x + 2 y + 3z = 6 (b) If f ( ) = sin cos 0 , prove that
2x − y + z = 2 0 0 1
3x + 2 y − 2 z = 3 f ( ) f ( − ) = f ( − )
MATRICES
[CBSE 65-2-1 (2023)] a b a −b
17. The product is equal to
1 4 x −b a b a
11. If A = z 2 y is a symmetric matrix, then the
a 2 + b2 0 ( a + b ) 2 0
−3 −1 3 (a) (b)
a + b2 ( a + b ) 0
2 2
0
value of x + y + z is:
(a) 10 (b) 6 a 2 + b2 0 a 0
(c) 2 (d)
a + b 0 b
2
(c) 8 (d) 0 0
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)] [CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
3 0 0 18. If A is a square matrix and A = A , then ( I + A) − 3 A
2 2
12. If A. ( adj A) = 0 3 0 , then the value of A + adj A
is equal to :
0 0 3
(a) I (b) A
is equal to : (c) 2A (d) 3I
(a) 12 (b) 9 [CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
(c) 3 (d) 27 19. If a matrix A = 1 2 3 , then the matrix AA ' (where A '
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)]
13. A and B are skew-symmetric matrices of same order. is the transpose of A ) is :
AB is symmetric, if : 1 0 0
(a) AB = O (b) AB = − BA (a) 14 (b) 0 2 0
(c) AB = BA (d) BA = O 0 0 3
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)]
1 2 3
(c) 2 3 1
14. For what value of x 0, , is A + A ' = 3I , where (d) [14]
2 3 1 2
cos x sin x
A= ? [CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
− sin x cos x 1 −1 2
(a)
(b)
20. Find the inverse of the matrix A = 0 2 −3 . Using
3 6 3 −2 4
(c) 0 (d) the inverse, A−1 , solve the system of linear equations
2
x − y + 2 z = 1;2 y − 3z = 1;3x − 2 y + 4 z = 3 .
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)]
[CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
1 0 2
21. If for a square matrix A , A − A + I = O , then A−1
A = 0 2 1 ,
2
15. (a) If then show that
equals
2 0 3
(a) A (b) A + I
A3 − 6 A2 + 7 A + 2I = O . (c) I − A (d) A − I
OR [CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
3 2 −1 1 0 x 0
(b) If A = , then find A and use it to solve 22. If A = , B = 1 1 and A = B then x equals
2
5 − 7 2 1
the following system of equations : (a) 1 (b) −1
3x + 5 y = 11, 2 x − 7 y = −3 . (c) 1 (d) 2
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)] [CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
1 2 4 1 2 3
16. If x + y = , then
2 5 9 23. If A = 3 −2 1 , then show that
(a) x = 1, y = 2 (b) x = 2, y = 1 4 2 1
(c) x = 1, y = −1 (d) x = 3, y = 2 A3 − 23 A − 40I = O .
[CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)] [CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
15 MATRICES
Solutions
0 10 5 6 35 1
1 1
1. (b) 2 X = 7 −11 5 2 = 35 = 1
35 35
2. (c) 8 7 4 −5 3 35 1
3. (d) 8 or – 8 x = 1, y = 1, z = 1
−6 −8 0 0
4. (b) (c)
−10 −4
7.
0 0
5. (c) ± 5
−5
1 2 −2 3 −1 1 0 2
(a) A = −1 3 0 , B −1 = −15 6 −5
8. (b)
6. 5 0
0 −2 1 5 −2 2 2
( AB )
−1
= B −1 A−1 9. (d) − 4
A = 1( 3) − 2 ( −1) − 2 ( 2 ) = 3 + 2 − 4 = 1 0 1 0 0
10. (a) AB = 0 1 0
3 2 6
0 0 1
adj ( A) = 1 1 2
2 2 5 B −1 = A
The given system of equations can be written as:
3 2 6
x 3
A = 1 1 2
1
−1
1 BT X = C , X = y , C = 2
2 2 5
z 3
3 −1 1 3 2 6
X = ( BT ) C = ( B −1 ) C = AT C
−1 T
B A = −15 6 −5 1 1 2
−1 −1
5 −2 2 2 2 5 −3 2 2 3
10 7 21 X = −2 1 1 2
= −49 −34 −103 −4 2 3 3
17 12 36 x 1
OR y = −1 x = 1, y = −1, z = 1
(b) Given system is z 1
1 2 3 x 6 OR
2 −1 1 y = 2 (b) LHS
3 2 −2 z 3 cos − sin 0 cos sin 0
A. X = B X = A−1 B = f ( ) f ( − ) = sin cos 0 − sin cos 0
A = 35 0
0 0 1 0 0 1
A11 = 0, A12 = 7, A13 = 7
cos cos + sin sin cos sin − sin cos 0
A21 = 10, A22 = −11, A23 = 4
= sin cos − cos sin sin sin + cos cos 0
A31 = 5, A32 = 5, A33 = −5
0 0 1
0 10 5
cos ( − ) − sin ( − ) 0
A = 7 −11 5
1
−1
35 = sin ( − ) cos ( − ) 0
7 4 −5
0 0 1
= f ( − ) = RHS
11. (d) 0
MATRICES
12. (a) 12 A = 1( 8 − 6 ) + 1( 0 + 9 ) + 2 ( 0 − 6 ) = −1 0
13. (c) AB = BA
A is invertible.
14. (b)
6 2 0 −1
adj A = −9 −2 3
5 0 8
−6 −1 2
15. (a) getting, A = 2 4 5
2
8 0 13 −2 0 1
adj A = 9 2 −3
−1 1
A =
21 0 34 A
6 1 −2
getting, A3 = 12 8 23
34 0 55 The given system of equation can be written as AX = B
, when
A3 − 6 A2 + 7 A + 2 I =
1 −1 2 x 1
21 0 34 30 0 48 7 0 14 2 0 0
A = 0 2 −3 , X = y , B = 1
12 8 23 − 12 24 30 + 0 14 7 + 0 2 0
3 −2 4 z 3
34 0 55 48 0 78 14 0 21 0 0 2
X = A−1 B
0 0 0
x −2 0 1 1 1
= 0 0 0 = O
y = 9 2 −3 = 1 = 2
0 0 0
z 6 1 −2 3 1
OR
x = 1, y = 2, z = 1
−7 −2
(b) adj A = 21. (c) I − A
−5 3
22. (c) 1
A = −31
19 4 8
−1 −7 −2 23. Getting A = 1 12 8
2
A−1 =
31 −5 3 14 6 15
Given system of equations is
63 46 69
3 5 x 11 Getting A = 69 −6 23
3
2 −7 y = −3
92 46 63
x 11
which is A ' X = B , where X = , B = A3 − 23 A − 40I =
y −3
63 46 69 23 46 69 40 0 0
X = ( A ') B
−1 69 −6 23 − 69 −46 23 − 0 40 0
X = ( A−1 ) ' B 92 46 63 92 46 23 0 0 40
−1 −7 −5 11 2 0 0 0
= =
31 −2 3 −3 1 = 0 0 0 = O
x = 2, y = 1 0 0 0
16. (b) x = 2, y = 1
a 2 + b2 0
17. (a)
0 a + b2
2
18. (a) I
19. (d) [14]
1 −1 2
20. A = 0 2 −3
3 −2 4