[Link] 1.
LOOPING STATEMENTS
AIM:
To write a python program to implement looping statements.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Declare a variable ‘n’ and assign a value to it.
Step 2: Declare a variable ‘sum’ and initialize it to 0.
Step 3: Declare a variable ‘i’ and initialize it to 1.
Step 4: Using ‘while’ loop, when i<=n, then sum=sum+i. Go to step 5. Else go
to step 6.
Step 5: Increase i=i+1
Step 6: Display the sum.
Step 7: Stop
CODE:
# Program to illustrate a loop with the condition at the top
# Try different numbers
n = 10
# Uncomment to get user input
#n = int(input("Enter n: "))
# initialize sum and counter
sum = 0
i=1
while i <= n:
sum = sum + i
i = i+1 # update counter
# print the sum
print("The sum is",sum)
OUTPUT:
LOOPING STATEMENTS
The sum is 5
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link] 2. CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
AIM:
To write a python program to implement conditional statements.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Declare a variable “age” and get input for it from the user.
Step 2: Declare a variable “citizenship” and ask if they are, or not.
Step 3: Using “if” condition, if age>=18 and citizenship=“yes”, got to step 5,
else go to step 4.
Step 4: Display “Not eligible to vote”
Step 5: Display “Eligible to vote”.
Step 6: Stop.
CODE:
# Check if a person is eligible to vote
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
citizenship = input("Are you a citizen? (yes/no): ").lower()
if age >= 18 and citizenship == "yes":
print("You are eligible to vote.")
else:
print("You are not eligible to vote.")
OUTPUT:
CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
Enter your age: 22
Are you a citizen? (yes/no): yes
You are eligible to vote.
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link] 3. LIST FUNCTIONS
AIM:
To write a python program to demonstrate list functions.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Define a function “add_number”, with variables “a” and “b”. Assign
values to them.
Step 3: Declare a variable “sum” and assign the sum value of “a” and “b”.
Step 4: Change the values of “a” and “b”.
Step 5: Display the sums for different values of “a” and “b”
Step 6: Stop
CODE:
def add_numbers( a = 7, b = 8):
sum = a + b
print('Sum:', sum)
# function call with two arguments
add_numbers(2, 3)
# function call with one argument
add_numbers(a = 2)
# function call with no arguments
add_numbers()
OUTPUT:
LIST FUNCTIONS
Sum: 5
Sum: 10
Sum: 15
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link] 4. TUPLE FUNCTIONS
AIM:
To write a python program to demonstrate tuple functions.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Declare a variable “fruits” and assign values to it.
Step 3: Declare variables “first_fruit” and “second_fruit” and assign values
from “fruits”.
Step 4: Display the values of “first_fruit” and “second_fruit”.
Step 5: Stop.
CODE:
# Creating a tuple
fruits = ('apple', 'banana', 'orange', 'grape')
# Accessing elements using indexing
first_fruit = fruits[0]
second_fruit = fruits[1]
print("First fruit:", first_fruit)
print("Second fruit:", second_fruit)
OUTPUT:
TUPLE FUNCTIONS
First fruit: apple
Second fruit: banana
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link] 5. DICTIONARY FUNCTIONS
AIM:
To write a python program to demonstrate Dictionary Functions.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Create a dictionary
Step 3: Do the following operations: displaying elements, calculating total,
finding maximum value.
Step 4: Display the results of step 3.
Step 5: Stop.
CODE:
# Creating a dictionary
fruit_prices = {'apple': 1.0, 'banana': 0.75, 'orange': 1.25}
# Displaying dictionary elements
for fruit, price in fruit_prices.items():
print(f"{[Link]()}: ${price:.2f}")
# User's shopping list
shopping_list = {'apple': 3, 'banana': 2, 'orange': 1}
# Calculating total cost
total_cost = sum(item_prices[item] * quantity for item, quantity in
shopping_list.items())
print("Total cost: ${:.2f}".format(total_cost))
#Finding Maximum Value in a Dictionary
sales = {'January': 1200, 'February': 1500, 'March': 1100, 'April': 1800}
# Finding the month with the maximum sales
max_month = max(sales, key=[Link])
max_sales = sales[max_month]
print("Maximum sales in {}: ${}".format(max_month, max_sales))
OUTPUT:
DICTIONARY FUNCTIONS
Apple: $1.00
Banana: $0.75
Orange: $1.25
Total cost: $6.25
Maximum sales in April: $1800
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link] 6. MEAN AND VARIANCE
AIM:
To write a python program to find the mean and variance from a list of numbers.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: import the numpy library as np.
Step 3: Define a print statement indicating that we're going to calculate the
mean and variance of numbers.
Step 4: Create an array using numpy's arange() function, generating numbers
from 0 to 9.
Step 5: Print the original array.
Step 6: Calculate the mean of the array using [Link]() function and store the
result in variable r1.
Step 7: Print the mean.
Step 8: Calculate the standard deviation of the array using [Link]() function and
store the result in variable r2.
Step 9: Print the standard deviation.
Step 10: Calculate the variance of the array using [Link]() function and store the
result in variable r3.
Step 11: Print the variance.
Step 12: End the program
CODE:
import numpy as np
# Original array
print("Mean and Variance of Numbers")
array = [Link](10)
print(array)
r1 = [Link](array)
print("\nMean: ", r1)
r2 = [Link](array)
print("\nstd: ", r2)
r3 = [Link](array)
print("\nvariance: ", r3)
OUTPUT:
MEAN AND VARIANCE OF NUMBERS 2
[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
Mean: 4.5
std: 2.8722813232690143
variance: 8.25
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link] 7. CHECKING PRIME NUMBER
AIM:
To write a python program to check if a number is prime or not.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Define a function named 'check_prime' that takes a single argument
'num':
a. If 'num' is less than or equal to 1, return False (since numbers less than or
equal to 1 are not prime).
b. Iterate over 'i' in the range from 2 to the square root of 'num' (inclusive):
i. If 'num' is divisible evenly by 'i', return False (since 'num' is not prime).
c. If no divisors are found in the loop, return True (indicating 'num' is prime).
Step 3: Prompt the user to enter a number and store the input in the variable
'number'.
Step 4: Check if the entered number is prime using the 'check_prime' function:
a. If the function returns True, print that the number is a prime number.
b. If the function returns False, print that the number is not a prime number.
Step 5: End the program.
CODE:
def check_prime(num):
if num <= 1:
return False
for i in range(2, int(num**0.5) + 1):
if num % i == 0:
return False
return True
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if check_prime(number):
print(number, "is a prime number.")
else:
print(number, "is not a prime number.")
OUTPUT:
CHECKING PRIME NUMBER
Enter a number: 5
5 is a prime number.
CHECKING PRIME NUMBER
Enter a number: 10
10 is not a prime number.
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link] 8. SEARCHING KEY IN DICTIONARY
AIM:
To write a python program to search for a key in the dictionary.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Check if Key Exists in Dictionary
Step 3: Initialize a dictionary named 'ages' with key-value pairs representing
names and ages.
Step 4: Define a variable 'some_key' and assign it a value 'Matt', which is one of
the keys in the 'ages' dictionary.
Step 5: Check if 'some_key' exists in the 'ages' dictionary:
a. If 'some_key' exists in the dictionary, print "Key exists".
b. If 'some_key' does not exist in the dictionary, print "Key doesn't exist".
Step 6: End the program
CODE:
ages = {'Matt': 30, 'Katie': 29, 'Nick': 31, 'Jack': 43, 'Alison': 32, 'Kevin': 38}
some_key = 'Matt'
if some_key in ages:
print(“Key exists”)
else:
print(“Key doesn't exist”)
# Returns: Key exists
OUTPUT:
SEARCH FOR A KEY IN THE DICTIONARY
Key exists
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link] 9. SUM OF NATURAL NUMBERS
AIM:
To write a python program using function to find the sum of first ‘n’ natural
numbers.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Read input from the user, prompting them to enter a natural number, and
store it in variable 'N'.
Step 3: Initialize a boolean variable 'validation' to True, assuming that the input
is valid initially.
Step 4: Check if the input 'N' is numeric:
a. If 'N' is not numeric, set 'validation' to False.
b. If 'N' is numeric, proceed to the next step.
Step 5: If 'N' is numeric, convert it to an integer and store it back in variable 'N'.
Step 6: Check if 'N' is less than 1:
a. If 'N' is less than 1, set 'validation' to False, as it is not a natural number.
b. If 'N' is greater than or equal to 1, continue to the next step.
Step 7: If 'validation' is True after the above checks, calculate the sum of natural
numbers up to 'N':
a. Use the formula for the sum of the first 'N' natural numbers: (N * (N + 1)) / 2.
b. Convert the result to an integer using the int() function and store it in variable
'answer'.
Step 8: Print the value of 'answer', which represents the sum of natural numbers
up to 'N'.
Step 9: If 'validation' is False after the checks, print a message indicating that
the input is not a natural number.
Step 10: End the program.
CODE:
# Read the input
N = input("Enter a natural number: ")
# Assume everything is fine
validation = True
# If N is not numeric, validation fails
if not([Link]()):
validation = False
else:
N = int(N)
#if n is less than 1, it is not a natural number
if (N<1):
validation = False
if validation:
answer = (N*(N+1))/2
answer = int(answer)
print(answer)
else:
print('Input is not a natural number. Try again.')
OUTPUT:
SUM OF NATURAL NUMBERS
Enter a natural number: 5
15
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link] 10. STRING OPERATIONS
AIM:
To write a python program to perform string operations.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Print a message indicating the start of string functions and operations.
Step 3: Prompt the user to enter two strings: 'String1' (stored in variable 'a') and
'String2' (stored in variable 'b').
Step 4: Concatenate 'String1' and 'String2' with a space in between, store the
result in variable 'c'.
Step 5: Print the concatenated string.
Step 6: Calculate and print the length of each input string using the len()
function.
Step 7: Split 'String1' based on periods ('.') using the split('.') function and print
the result.
Step 8: Convert both strings to uppercase using the upper() function and print
the results.
Step 9: Convert both strings to lowercase using the lower() function and print
the results.
Step 10: Print the memory address (id) of 'String1' using the id() function.
Step 11: Extract a substring from 'String1' from index 2 to index 8 (exclusive)
and print it.
Step 12: Remove leading and trailing whitespaces from both strings using the
strip() function and print the results.
Step 13: Replace occurrences of character 'D' with character 'K' in 'String1'
using the replace() function and print the modified string.
Step 14: End of the program.
CODE:
print("String Functions and Operations")
a=input("Enter the String1:")
b=input("Enter the String2: ")
c=a+" "+b
print("Concatenation of Two Strings: ",c)
print("The length of the String is : ",len(a),len(b))
print("Spliting the String: ",[Link]('.'))
print("Converting String into Upper case:",[Link](),[Link]())
print("Converting String into Lower case:",[Link](),[Link]())
print("The id of String:",id(a))
print("String Slice: ",a[2:9])
print("Modified String: ",[Link](),[Link]())
print("Replace String:",[Link]("D","K"))
OUTPUT:
STRING FUNCTIONS AND OPERATIONS
Enter the String1:Python
Enter the String2: Programming
Concatenation of Two Strings: Python Programming
The length of the String is : 6 11
Spliting the String: ['Python']
Converting String into Upper case: PYTHON PROGRAMMING
Converting String into Lower case: python programming
The id of String: 135247958090224
String Slice: thon
Modified String: Python Programming
Replace String: Python
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.