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ECAP456 — INTRODUCTION TO BIG DATA

UNIT-WISE MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

with One-Liner Answers

14 Units · 15 Questions Each · 210 MCQs Total · All Answers Included

Edited by: Sartaj Singh | Author: Rajni Bhalla, LPU

14 210 15 100%
Units MCQs Q per Unit Answered

INDEX OF UNITS

Unit Title Questions

Unit 01 Introduction to Big Data 15

Unit 02 Foundations of Big Data 15

Unit 03 Data Models 15

Unit 04 NOSQL Data Management 15

Unit 05 Introduction to Hadoop 15

Unit 06 Hadoop Administration 15

Unit 07 Hadoop Architecture 15

Unit 08 Hadoop Master Slave Architecture 15

Unit 09 Hadoop Node Commands 15

Unit 10 MapReduce Applications 15

Unit 11 Hadoop Ecosystem 15

Unit 12 Predictive Analytics 15

Unit 13 Data Analytics with R 15

Unit 14 Big Data Management using Splunk 15

UNIT 01 Unit 01: Introduction to Big Data 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 What are the fundamental elements of BIG DATA? Ans: D — All of these (HDFS, YARN, MapReduce)

Q2 What distinguishes BIG DATA Analytics from other types of analytics? Ans: D — All of these (Open-Source, Scalability,
Data Recovery)

Q3 What are the Big Data V's? Ans: C — Both Volume and Veracity

Q4 Please identify the right statement about Hadoop. Ans: B — Hadoop uses HDFS to store data and
enables data compression and decompression.

Q5 On which of the following platforms is Hadoop available? Ans: B — Cross-Platform

Q6 The Hadoop list includes HBase, Apache Mahout ___ System, and Ans: C — Machine Learning
matrix operations.

Q7 The element of MapReduce in charge of processing data chunks and Ans: C — Task execution (All of the mentioned)
providing output results is the ___.

Q8 Although the Hadoop framework is implemented in Java, MapReduce Ans: A — Java

apps need not be written in ___.

Q9 Input key/value pairs are mapped to intermediate key/value pairs using Ans: A — Mapper
___.

Q10 The number of maps is usually driven by the total size of ___. Ans: A — Inputs

Q11 The ___ software library is a big data framework allowing distributed Ans: C — Apache Hadoop
processing across clusters.

Q12 Which big data tool was developed by LexisNexis Risk Solution? Ans: B — HPCC System

Q13 Which big data tool offers distributed real-time, fault-tolerant processing? Ans: A — Storm

Q14 Which statement regarding Apache Cassandra is correct? Ans: D — All of the above (free, open-source, widely
used, distributed)

Q15 ___ stores data in JSON documents accessible via web or JavaScript Ans: A — CouchDB
query.
UNIT 02 Unit 02: Foundations of Big Data 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 The EXE extension stands for ___. Ans: A — Executable files

Q2 Select components of a distributed file system. Ans: B — Location transparency and redundancy

Q3 Data replication is a good way to achieve ___ and high concurrency. Ans: A — Fault tolerance

Q4 Select new computing paradigms. Ans: D — All of the above (RFID, Sensor
technologies, GPS)

Q5 The file type is denoted by ___. Ans: C — File extension

Q6 What computer technology describes services that run on a dispersed Ans: B — Cloud Computing
network using virtualized resources?

Q7 Which one of the following options can be considered as the Cloud? Ans: A — Hadoop

Q8 The popular models for big data are ___. Ans: D — All of above (Directed Acyclic Graph,
Message Passing, Workflow)

Q9 The three stages in which a MapReduce program executes are ___. Ans: A — Map stage, Shuffle stage, and Reduce
stage

Q10 A directed acyclic graph (DAG) refers to a directed graph which has no Ans: B — Directed
___ cycles.

Q11 Select two important tasks of MapReduce algorithms. Ans: C — Both (Map and Reduce)

Q12 The main application areas of Directed Acyclic Graph are ___. Ans: D — All of above (Genealogy, Citation graphs,
Job Scheduling)

Q13 Full form of BSP is ___. Ans: D — Bulk Synchronous Parallel

Q14 Map converts data into another set where individual elements are Ans: B — Tuples (key/value pairs)
broken down into ___.

Q15 HDFS stands for ___. Ans: A — Hadoop File System

UNIT 03 Unit 03: Data Models 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 Which of the following is an aim of data mining? Ans: A — To explain some observed event or
condition

Q2 Which of the following is a data warehouse? Ans: B — Organized around important subject areas

Q3 Select types of data mart. Ans: D — All of the above (Dependent,

Independent, Hybrid)

Q4 Select the statement which is NOT true about a data warehouse. Ans: D — Data warehouse is a decentralized
system

Q5 ___ is built by drawing data from a central data warehouse that already Ans: A — Dependent data mart
exists.

Q6 ___ is built by drawing from operational or external sources of data or Ans: B — Independent data mart
both.

Q7 A ___ data mart combines input from sources apart from a data Ans: C — Hybrid data mart
warehouse.

Q8 Big data streaming is a process to quickly extract ___ insights from data. Ans: A — Real-time

Q9 Dynamic data generated continuously from a variety of sources is Ans: B — Streaming data
considered ___.

Q10 ___ uses data and analytics to help financial organizations identify Ans: C — MasterCard
fraudulent merchants.

Q11 Which of the following data streaming assertions is correct? Ans: B — Stream data has a fast rate of change

Q12 Availability of cheap sensor hardware has led to the prediction that ___ Ans: A — Small-environment (smart environments)
will arise in the near future.

Q13 The ___ of a smart environment consists of myriad sensors producing Ans: A — Streaming data
data at very high rates.

Q14 The ___ is designed to be a basic starter solution. Ans: C — PocketLab

Q15 ___ can fail because their battery runs out, and start up again when it is Ans: A — Sensors come and sensors go
replaced.
UNIT 04 Unit 04: NOSQL Data Management 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 A NOSQL database is defined as which of the following? Ans: A — MongoDB (Note: Answer key says A —
but question lists SQLServer=A, MongoDB=B;
correct answer is MongoDB)

Q2 NOSQL databases are used mainly for handling large volumes of ___ Ans: B — Unstructured
data.

Q3 NOSQL is useful when an enterprise needs to access, analyze, and Ans: D — All of the above (Access, Analyze, Utilize)
utilize massive amounts of data.

Q4 What is the name of the data model from the last couple of decades? Ans: A — Relational data model

Q5 A table is also called a ___. Ans: C — Relation

Q6 What is the clinching reason for aggregate orientation? Ans: A — Helps greatly with running on a cluster

Q7 NOSQL is used for ___. Ans: C — Both (Big data and Real-time web apps)

Q8 In which year did Carlo Strozzi use the term NOSQL for his lightweight Ans: A — 1998
open-source database?

Q9 Select correct features of NOSQL. Ans: D — All of the above (Non-relational,

Schema-free, Simple API)

Q10 Which database works best in single-server configuration? Ans: A — Graph database

Q11 What is sharding? Ans: B — Putting different parts of the data onto
different servers

Q12 Rebalancing the sharding means ___. Ans: C — Both (Changing the application code and
Migrating the data)

Q13 Which database works best in single-server configuration? (repeated) Ans: A — Graph database

Q14 What is sharding? (repeated) Ans: B — Putting different parts of the data onto
different servers

Q15 Rebalancing the sharding means ___ (repeated). Ans: C — Both (Changing the application code and
Migrating the data)
UNIT 05 Unit 05: Introduction to Hadoop 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 A parallel computer system can do a lot of things — it performs ___. Ans: A — Parallel computing

Q2 The process of creating parallel programs is known as ___. Ans: C — Parallel programming

Q3 Pig is mostly concerned with ___ number of nodes. Ans: A — Two

Q4 Pig was basically developed by ___. Ans: D — Yahoo

Q5 HIVE performs ___ and ___ of large data sets. Ans: A — Reading and writing

Q6 Hadoop is an ___ that is available in public. Ans: B — Open-Source tool

Q7 Hadoop is a framework that provides too many services like ___. Ans: D — All of above (Pig, HBase, Hive)

Q8 Top Hadoop Related Open-Source Tools are ___. Ans: D — All of above (Hive, Jaql, Pig)

Q9 Lucene is a simple yet powerful Java-based ___ library. Ans: A — Search

Q10 ___ is a Java IDE that is one of the 3 biggest and most popular IDEs in Ans: C — Eclipse
the world.

Q11 The concept of Big Data can be better understood with four Vs. Those Ans: D — All of above (Volume, Velocity, Veracity,
are ___. Variety)

Q12 ___ refers to the certainty of data and separates poor-quality data from Ans: A — Volume (Answer key says A — but
data that matters. contextually this is Veracity)

Q13 Data in Big Data is ___ bytes in size. Ans: D — Peta

Q14 Select the types of Big Data. Ans: D — All of the above (Structured, Unstructured,
Semi-structured)

Q15 ___ captures voices of flight crew, recordings of microphones and Ans: B — Black box data
aircraft performance.
UNIT 06 Unit 06: Hadoop Administration 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 ___ is the main prerequisite for Hadoop. Ans: A — Java

Q2 On ___ node does the job tracker run? Ans: B — Namenode

Q3 Which command is used to verify the existence of Java in your system? Ans: C — $java -version

Q4 Select the Java SE package. Ans: C — Both (JRE and JDK)

Q5 Command to create a Hadoop user. Ans: A — useradd username

Q6 Hadoop cluster operates in three supported modes. Those modes are Ans: D — All of above (Local/Standalone, Pseudo
___. Distributed, Fully Distributed)

Q7 Select the command to start all Hadoop DFS daemons. Ans: B — [Link]

Q8 Select the command to stop all Hadoop DFS daemons. Ans: A — [Link]

Q9 JAVA_HOME is set in ___. Ans: A — [Link]

Q10 On [Link], which of the following properties is configured? Ans: D — Java Environment variables

Q11 When a computer is designated as a datanode, the disc space available Ans: B — Can be used for both HDFS and
to it ___. non-HDFS storage

Q12 HDFS stands for ___. Ans: C — Hadoop File System

Q13 HDFS operates in a ___ manner. Ans: C — Master-slave fashion

Q14 Select goals of HDFS. Ans: B — Data duplication (Answer key: B — but D
'All of above' also listed; key says D=All)

Q15 When the Primary Name Node fails, the ___ Name Node is utilized. Ans: C — Secondary
UNIT 07 Unit 07: Hadoop Architecture 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 Filesystems that manage the storage across a network of machines are Ans: A — Distributed file systems
called ___.

Q2 Select correct layers of Hadoop. Ans: D — All of the above (HDFS, MapReduce,
YARN)

Q3 HDFS operates in master-slave architecture. The master node is the Ans: B — Namenode
___.

Q4 In which of the following files is information maintained persistently over Ans: A — Fsimage and Edit log
the local disk?

Q5 Which of the following are Hadoop daemons? Ans: D — All of the above (Resource Manager,
Datanode, Namenode)

Q6 In which of the following tasks does Hadoop divide the job? Ans: A — Map tasks and reduce tasks

Q7 Who developed Hadoop? Ans: C — Doug Cutting

Q8 In Hadoop, which of the following is a distributed data warehouse? Ans: C — Hive

Q9 In Hadoop, which of the following does the Job control? Ans: D — Job class

Q10 Slave computers have two daemons operating, and they are ___. Ans: D — Datanode and node manager

Q11 Hadoop manages the jobs by breaking them down into ___. Ans: B — Smaller chunks

Q12 Failover is a process in which the system transfers control to a Ans: B — Failover (Answer key: B)
secondary system. This is called ___.

Q13 HDFS splits huge files into small chunks known as ___. Ans: B — Blocks

Q14 Which of the following is HDFS's default block size? Ans: C — 128 MB

Q15 Each block in Hadoop HDFS is duplicated twice. This is referred to as Ans: B — Replication
___.
UNIT 08 Unit 08: Hadoop Master Slave Architecture 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 Which of the following are major pre-requisites for MapReduce Ans: C — Both (Parallel programming & data
programming? expressed in key-value pairs)

Q2 ___ maps input key/value pairs to a set of intermediate key/value pairs. Ans: A — Mapper

Q3 Input key/value pairs are mapped to a collection of intermediate Ans: A — Mapper

key/value pairs using ___.

Q4 The master is a ___, and each cluster has only one NameNode. Ans: B — NameNode

Q5 HDFS is written in the ___ programming language. Ans: B — Java

Q6 The reduce step will read the ___ results. Ans: A — Intermediate

Q7 Map step reads data in ___ pair format. Ans: B — Key-Value

Q8 ___ is the main prerequisite for Hadoop. Ans: D — Java

Q9 Commands to create a system user account on both master and slave Ans: A — useradd hadoop
systems.

Q10 Hadoop Streaming uses standard ___ streams as the interface between Ans: A — Unix
Hadoop and user program.

Q11 Please identify the right statement about Hadoop Streaming. Ans: A — You can specify any executable as the
mapper and/or the reducer

Q12 Which of the Hadoop streaming command option arguments is Ans: D — All of the mentioned (output dir, mapper
mandatory? executable, input dir)

Q13 You have to edit the hosts file in ___ folder. Ans: A — /etc/

Q14 The Aggregate package provides which of the following classes? Ans: B — Reducer

Q15 JPS command is used to check ___. Ans: A — If a specific daemon is up or not
UNIT 09 Unit 09: Hadoop Node Commands 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 Select the command to format the configured HDFS file system. Ans: A — hadoop namenode -format

Q2 Select the command to start the Hadoop DFS daemons (namenode and Ans: B — [Link]
datanodes).

Q3 Select the command to stop the Hadoop DFS daemons. Ans: B — [Link]

Q4 Select the command to start the Hadoop map/reduce daemons Ans: A — [Link]
(jobtracker and tasktrackers).

Q5 Select the command to start all Hadoop daemons. Ans: B — [Link]

Q6 Which of the following are the main layers of HDFS? Ans: A — Namespace layer and block storage
service layer

Q7 The data nodes are used as ___ for blocks by all the namenodes. Ans: B — Common storage

Q8 A ___ is a set of blocks that belong to a single namespace. Ans: C — Block Pool

Q9 A ___ identifier is used to identify all the nodes in the cluster. Ans: B — ClusterID

Q10 ___ method clears all keys from the configuration. Ans: A — Clear

Q11 Select the command to format the configured HDFS file system. Ans: A — hadoop namenode -format
(repeated)

Q12 Select the command to start the Hadoop DFS daemons. (repeated) Ans: B — [Link]

Q13 Select the command to stop the Hadoop DFS daemons. (repeated) Ans: B — [Link]

Q14 Select the command to start the Hadoop map/reduce daemons. Ans: A — [Link]
(repeated)

Q15 Select the command to start all Hadoop daemons. (repeated) Ans: B — [Link]
UNIT 10 Unit 10: MapReduce Applications 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 Testing the entire system's end-to-end functioning is characterized as Ans: A — Functional testing
___.

Q2 What is testing? Ans: B — Evaluating deliverable to find errors

Q3 Which of the following are unit testing techniques? Ans: D — All of the above (Black box, White box,
Gray box)

Q4 ___ is a unit testing framework for the Java programming language. Ans: A — JUnit

Q5 Which of the following are MRUnit core classes? Ans: D — All of the above (MapDriver,
ReduceDriver, MapReduceDriver)

Q6 ___ is a processing technique and a program model for distributed Ans: C — MapReduce
computing based on Java.

Q7 ___ a data processing application into mappers and reducers is Ans: B — Decomposing
sometimes non-trivial.

Q8 Which method causes call returns only when the job gets finished with Ans: B — waitForCompletion()
success/failure status?

Q9 Which of the following specifies environment variables affecting the JDK Ans: B — [Link]
used by Hadoop Daemon?

Q10 Which configuration file informs Hadoop daemons where the Ans: A — [Link]
NAMENODE runs in the cluster?

Q11 ___ is responsible for scheduling tasks, monitoring them, and Ans: B — YARN
re-executing failed tasks.

Q12 YARN stands for ___. Ans: C — Yet Another Resource Negotiator

Q13 In Hadoop, the process by which intermediate output from mappers is Ans: A — Shuffling
transferred to the reducer is called ___.

Q14 Which tasks are the first phase of processing that process each input Ans: B — Mapper Task
record and generate an intermediate key-value pair?

Q15 Which of the following phases occur simultaneously? Ans: C — Shuffle and Sort
UNIT 11 Unit 11: Hadoop Ecosystem 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 Which of the following is an open-source data warehouse system built Ans: A — Apache Hive
on top of Hadoop?

Q2 Which of the following are the components of Hive? Ans: D — All of the mentioned (Driver, Compiler,
Metastore)

Q3 The compiler gets the necessary metadata from the ___. Ans: A — Meta store

Q4 ___ developed by Yahoo researchers executes MapReduce jobs on Ans: B — Apache Pig
extensive datasets for developers.

Q5 All the Pig Scripts are handled by the ___. Ans: A — Parser

Q6 Which of the following compiles the optimized logical plan into a series Ans: D — Compiler (Answer key: D)
of MapReduce jobs?

Q7 Which of the following are the execution modes of Apache Pig? Ans: B — Local mode and MapReduce mode

Q8 Which of the following are the classification of Apache Pig Operators? Ans: A — Relational and Diagnostic

Q9 ___ operator is used to perform an inner equijoin of two or more Ans: C — JOIN
relations based on common field values.

Q10 Apache Hive was created by ___. Ans: A — Facebook

Q11 Which of the following are the components of Apache Hive? Ans: D — All of the above (Hive Client, Hive
Services, Processing and Resource Management)

Q12 Which of the following services are provided by Apache Hive? Ans: B — Beeline, Hive Server

Q13 Select following components of HBase architecture. Ans: D — All of the above (HMaster, Region Server,
ZooKeeper)

Q14 HBase Tables are separated into Regions ___ by row key range. Ans: B — Horizontally

Q15 Which of the following is not a component of the HDFS data node? Ans: D — None of the mentioned (MemStore is
HBase component, not HDFS)
UNIT 12 Unit 12: Predictive Analytics 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 Linear regression is a ___ machine learning algorithm. Ans: A — Supervised

Q2 In Linear Regression, which strategy is used to determine the best fit line Ans: A — Least Square Error
for data?

Q3 Simple linear regression studies relationships between two ___ Ans: B — Continuous
(quantitative) variables.

Q4 ___ measures the linear link between two variables but doesn't reveal Ans: A — Correlation
more complicated correlations.

Q5 Which of the following plots will show a curvilinear relationship between Ans: A — Scatter Plot
two variables?

Q6 Which of the following types of variables can be directly manipulated? Ans: A — Independent Variables

Q7 Which of the following types of analysis are used for Data Visualization? Ans: D — All of the above (Univariate, Bivariate,
Multivariate)

Q8 ___ means pictorial representation of data using graph, chart, etc. Ans: B — Data visualization

Q9 Which of the following libraries should be used to make a chart in Ans: C — Matplot (Matplotlib)
Python?

Q10 PDF stands for ___. Ans: D — Probability Density Function

Q11 Data visualization tools understand ___ in data. Ans: D — All of the above (Outliers, Trends,
Patterns)

Q12 Which of the following types of analysis are used for Data Visualization? Ans: D — All of the above (Univariate, Bivariate,
(repeated) Multivariate)

Q13 ___ means pictorial representation of data using graph, chart, etc. Ans: B — Data visualization
(repeated)

Q14 Which of the following libraries should be used to make a chart in Ans: C — Matplot (Matplotlib)
Python? (repeated)

Q15 PDF stands for ___ (repeated). Ans: D — Probability Density Function
UNIT 13 Unit 13: Data Analytics with R 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 Supervised machine learning algorithms use ___ examples to apply Ans: A — Labelled
learning to fresh data.

Q2 Which of the following are examples of machine learning? Ans: D — All of the above (Neural networks, Naïve
Bayes, Linear Regression)

Q3 ___ networks reflect the behavior of the human brain, allowing Ans: A — Neural networks
computers to recognize patterns.

Q4 Naive Bayes classifiers are a family of simple ___. Ans: C — Probabilistic classifiers

Q5 Machine learning is an application of ___. Ans: A — Artificial Intelligence

Q6 Which of the following techniques are used in a recommendation Ans: C — Both (Content based filtering and
system? Collaborative filtering)

Q7 If we consider features to understand the taste of a user, that is an Ans: A — Content based filtering
example of ___.

Q8 In which of the following options is automatic prediction done for the Ans: B — Collaborative filtering
user?

Q9 Collaborative filtering is an ___. Ans: A — Unsupervised learning

Q10 ___ uses item features to recommend items similar to what the user Ans: A — Content-based filtering
likes, based on previous actions.

Q11 The functionality of R is divided into ___. Ans: B — Packages

Q12 Advanced users can edit R objects directly using ___ computer code. Ans: A — C, C++

Q13 In the R programming language, which of the following is utilized for Ans: D — RStudio
statistical analysis?

Q14 Which of the following is NOT a data type in R? Ans: A — Data frame (it is a data structure, not a
primitive data type)

Q15 The R programming language resembles the ___ programming Ans: A — C

language on the surface.
UNIT 14 Unit 14: Big Data Management using Splunk 15 MCQs

No. Question Answer

Q1 Splunk is a software used to ___ machine data. Ans: B — Search and analyze

Q2 The Administrator drop-down menu allows you to customize and modify Ans: A — Administrator's
the ___ information.

Q3 The link to ___ brings us to features to locate data sets accessible for Ans: C — Search and reporting
searching reports and alerts.

Q4 Data ingestion in Splunk happens through the ___ feature, part of the Ans: B — Upload data
search and reporting app.

Q5 What is called the process of transforming the data? Ans: C — Indexing

Q6 Which option to use to review the input settings? Ans: B — Review

Q7 Use of TEZ is to ___. Ans: A — Splitting up workloads into smaller pieces

Q8 Which of the following problems does every programmer and business Ans: D — All of the above (Datatype, Memory, Disk
user need to keep in mind? usage)

Q9 Select the stages in which analytics work. Ans: C — Both (Design/edit time and Execution/run
time)

Q10 Select the options that can be used to install Splunk Enterprise on Ans: C — Both (GUI interface and Command Line
Windows. Interface)

Q11 Select the parameter(s) that prevent users from installing Splunk. Ans: C — Both (Unsupported OS and Windows
Server 2003)

Q12 The MAX_PATH restriction in the Windows API is ___ characters long. Ans: B — 260

Q13 Which feature of Splunk is used to search the entire data set that is Ans: A — Search & Reporting
ingested?

Q14 What are the different formats available for exports? Ans: D — All of the above (CSV, XML, JSON)

Q15 Which of the following are the components of the Splunk search Ans: D — All of the above (Search terms,
processing language (SPL)? Commands, Functions)

ECAP456 — Introduction to Big Data · Unit-wise MCQ Bank with Answers · Lovely Professional University · All questions extracted directly from course
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