Muscles
MCQs: Introduction & Muscle Cells (75)
General Muscle Tissue (1–15)
1. Which is not a type of muscle tissue? Answer: Connective tissue
2. Muscle tissue is specialized for: Answer: Contraction
3. Voluntary muscle type: Answer: Skeletal
4. Involuntary muscles include: Answer: Smooth & Cardiac
5. Muscle fibers are rich in: Answer: Mitochondria
6. The contractile proteins are: Answer: Actin & Myosin
7. The smallest functional unit of muscle: Answer: Sarcomere
8. The cell membrane of muscle fiber: Answer: Sarcolemma
9. The cytoplasm of muscle fiber: Answer: Sarcoplasm
10. Calcium is stored in: Answer: Sarcoplasmic reticulum
11. The connective tissue around a fiber: Answer: Endomysium
12. Around a fascicle: Answer: Perimysium
13. Around the whole muscle: Answer: Epimysium
14. The neuromuscular junction is: Answer: Connection between nerve & muscle
15. Energy for contraction: Answer: ATP
Muscle Cell Structure (16–30)
16. The repeating unit of striated muscle: Answer: Sarcomere
17. The dark band: Answer: A-band
18. The light band: Answer: I-band
19. The Z-line marks: Answer: Boundary of sarcomere
20. The H-zone is: Answer: Central part of A-band without actin
21. The M-line is: Answer: Middle of sarcomere
22. Skeletal muscle fibers are: Answer: Long, cylindrical, multinucleated
23. Smooth muscle fibers are: Answer: Spindle-shaped, single nucleus
24. Cardiac muscle fibers are: Answer: Branched, single nucleus
25. Skeletal muscle nuclei location: Answer: Peripheral
26. Smooth muscle nuclei location: Answer: Central
27. Cardiac muscle nuclei location: Answer: Central
28. Striations are present in: Answer: Skeletal & Cardiac
29. Striations absent in: Answer: Smooth
30. Intercalated discs are found in: Answer: Cardiac muscle
Muscle Physiology Basics (31–45)
31. Sliding filament theory explains: Answer: Muscle contraction
32. Cross-bridge formation involves: Answer: Actin & Myosin
33. ATP is required for: Answer: Cross-bridge detachment
34. Calcium binds to: Answer: Troponin
35. Tropomyosin shifts to expose: Answer: Actin binding sites
36. The motor unit consists of: Answer: One neuron & muscle fibers it controls
37. Acetylcholine is released at: Answer: Neuromuscular junction
38. Acetylcholine is broken down by: Answer: Acetylcholinesterase
39. Muscle contraction ends when: Answer: Calcium is pumped back into SR
40. Muscle tone is: Answer: Partial contraction at rest
41. Isotonic contraction: Answer: Muscle shortens with tension
42. Isometric contraction: Answer: Tension without shortening
43. Muscle fatigue is due to: Answer: Lactic acid accumulation
44. Oxygen debt is repaid by: Answer: Increased breathing post-exercise
45. Rigor mortis occurs due to: Answer: Lack of ATP
Muscle Fiber Types (46–60)
46. Slow-twitch fibers are: Answer: Fatigue-resistant, aerobic
47. Fast-twitch fibers are: Answer: Quick, anaerobic, fatigue easily
48. Red fibers are rich in: Answer: Myoglobin
49. White fibers have less: Answer: Myoglobin
50. Endurance athletes have more: Answer: Slow-twitch fibers
51. Sprinters have more: Answer: Fast-twitch fibers
52. Myoglobin stores: Answer: Oxygen
53. Glycogen stores: Answer: Glucose
54. Creatine phosphate stores: Answer: Energy for ATP regeneration
55. Muscle hypertrophy is: Answer: Increase in fiber size
56. Muscle atrophy is: Answer: Decrease in fiber size
57. Satellite cells help in: Answer: Muscle repair
58. Skeletal muscle regeneration: Answer: Limited
59. Smooth muscle regeneration: Answer: Better than skeletal
60. Cardiac muscle regeneration: Answer: Very poor
� Clinical & Functional Aspects (61–75)
61. Duchenne muscular dystrophy affects: Answer: Skeletal muscle
62. Myasthenia gravis is due to: Answer: Autoimmune attack on ACh receptors
63. Muscle cramps are caused by: Answer: Involuntary sustained contraction
64. Tetanus toxin affects: Answer: Inhibitory neurons → spasm
65. Botulinum toxin blocks: Answer: Acetylcholine release
66. Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by: Answer: Calmodulin
67. Cardiac muscle contraction is prolonged due to: Answer: Plateau phase of action
potential
68. Skeletal muscle contraction is initiated by: Answer: Somatic nervous system
69. Smooth muscle contraction is initiated by: Answer: Autonomic nervous system
70. Cardiac muscle contraction is initiated by: Answer: SA node pacemaker cells
71. Skeletal muscle fatigue resistance: Answer: Low
72. Smooth muscle fatigue resistance: Answer: High
73. Cardiac muscle fatigue resistance: Answer: Very high
74. Skeletal muscle function: Answer: Movement of skeleton
75. Cardiac muscle function: Answer: Pumping blood