Football Notes
1. Introduction
Football is the world's most popular team sport. It is played between two teams of 11 players
each. The objective is to score more goals than the opponent by kicking the ball into the
opponent's goal.
2. History
Modern football originated in England.
The Football Association (FA) was established in 1863.
The international governing body is FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association).
The FIFA World Cup is held every 4 years.
3. Playing Area
Shape: Rectangular
Length: 90–120 m
Width: 45–90 m
Goal size: 7.32 m × 2.44 m
4. Duration of Match
Total time: 90 minutes
Two halves of 45 minutes each.
Half-time break: 15 minutes.
Basic Skills of Football –
1. Kicking
Kicking is one of the most important skills in football. It is the action of striking the ball with the
foot to pass, shoot, or clear the ball.
Types of Kicking:
Instep Kick: Kicking the ball with the upper part of the foot to generate power.
Side Foot Kick: Using the inside part of the foot for accurate passing and shooting.
Back Heel Kick: Hitting the ball backward with the heel.
2. Passing
Passing is the skill of transferring the ball from one player to another teammate with accuracy
and proper speed.
3. Dribbling
Dribbling is the skill of moving with the ball while keeping control and avoiding opponents.
4. Heading
Heading is the skill of using the head, especially the forehead, to control or direct the ball.
5. Shooting
Shooting is the skill of striking the ball towards the goal with the aim of scoring.
Types of Shooting:
6. Tackling
Tackling is a defensive skill used to win the ball from an opponent.
7. Goalkeeping
Goalkeeping is a special skill performed by the goalkeeper to prevent the opponent from scoring
goals.
*Scoring in Football* -
Scoring in football refers to the method of gaining a goal during a match. The main objective of
each team is to score more goals than the opponent to win the game.
*Fouls in Football –*
A foul is an illegal action or violation of the rules committed by a player during a football match.
Fouls usually result in a free kick, penalty kick, or disciplinary action depending on the
seriousness of the offence.
1. Tripping
Tripping occurs when a player uses their leg or foot to make an opponent fall or lose balance.
It can happen accidentally or intentionally while trying to win the ball.
Result: Usually a free kick is awarded to the opposing team.
Example: A defender puts their foot in front of an attacker and causes them to fall.
2. Pushing
Pushing means using the hands, arms, or body force to move an opponent unfairly.
It is not allowed because it prevents fair competition for the ball.
Result: A free kick or penalty kick may be awarded.
Example: A player pushes an opponent while they are trying to control the ball.
3. Holding
Holding occurs when a player grabs or pulls an opponent's shirt, body, or arm to stop their
movement.
It is considered unfair because it restricts the opponent's ability to play.
Result: A free kick or penalty can be given.
Example: A defender holds an attacker to prevent them from reaching the ball.
4. Handball
Handball occurs when a player deliberately touches the ball with their hand or arm.
Outfield players are not allowed to use their hands during play.
Result: A free kick or penalty kick may be awarded.
Exception: The goalkeeper can use hands inside their own penalty area.
5. Dangerous Play
Dangerous play means an action that can harm or risk the safety of another player.
It includes actions like playing with a raised foot near an opponent or attempting risky
challenges.
Result: The referee may award a free kick and take disciplinary action if needed.
6. Charging an Opponent Unfairly
Charging means using physical contact against an opponent.
A fair shoulder charge is allowed when done correctly, but using excessive force or charging
from an unfair position is a foul.
Result: A free kick is awarded to the opposing team.
Cards
● Yellow Card
● Unsporting behaviour
● Repeated fouls
● Delaying the restart
● Dissent
● Red Card
● Serious foul play
● Violent conduct
● Spitting
● Using abusive language
● Receiving two yellow cards
● 16. Major International Competitions
● FIFA World Cup
● UEFA Champions League
● UEFA European Championship (EURO)
● Copa América
● AFC Asian Cup
● Olympic Football Tournament
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