SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR (SRM) SIMULATION OVERVIEW

The electric part of the motor is represented by a nonlinear model based on the magnetization
characteristic composed of several magnetizing curves and on the torque characteristic computed
from the magnetization curves. The mechanic part is represented by a state-space model based on
inertia moment and viscous friction coefficient.

To be versatile, two models are implemented for the SRM block: specific and generic models. In the
specific SRM model, the magnetization characteristic of the motor is provided in a lookup table. The
values are obtained by experimental measurement or calculated by finite-element analysis. In the
generic model, the magnetization characteristic is calculated using nonlinear functions and readily
available parameters.

Control System Analysis: A current-controlled 60-kW 6/4 SRM drive using the SRM specific model
based on measured magnetization curves. 8/6 and 10/8 preset models are also presented with
same control strategy.

Simulation of SRM-260 Control system using MATLAB SIMULINK Models :

The SRM is fed by a three-phase asymmetrical power converter having three legs, each of which
consists of two IGBTs and two free-wheeling diodes. During conduction periods, the active IGBTs
apply positive source voltage to the stator windings to drive positive currents into the phase windings.
During free-wheeling periods, negative voltage is applied to the windings and the stored energy is
returned to the power DC source through the diodes. The fall time of the currents in motor windings
can be thus reduced. By using a position sensor attached to the rotor, the turn-on and turn-off angles
of the motor phases can be accurately imposed. These switching angle can be used to control the
developed torque waveforms. The phase currents are independently controlled by three hysteresis
controllers which generate the IGBTs drive signals by comparing the measured currents with the
references. The IGBTs switching frequency is mainly determined by the hysteresis band.

Simulation (6/4 specific model)

In this analysis, a DC supply voltage of 240 V is used. The converter turn-on and turn-off angles are
kept constant at 45 deg and 75 deg, respectively, over the speed range. The reference current is 300
A and the hysteresis band is chosen as +-10 A. The SRM is started by applying the step reference to
the regulator input. The acceleration rate depends on the load characteristics. To shorten the starting
time, a very light load was chosen. Since only the currents are controlled, the motor speed will
increase according to the mechanical dynamics of the system. The SRM drive waveforms (phase
voltages, magnetic flux, windings currents, motor torque, motor speed) are displayed on the scope.
As can be noted, the SRM torque has a very high torque ripple component which is due to the
transitions of the currents from one phase to the following one. This torque ripple is a particular
characteristic of the SRM and it depends mainly on the converter s turn-on and turn-off angles. In
observing the drive's waveforms, we can remark that the SRM operation speed range can be divided
into two regions according to the converter operating mode: current-controlled and voltage-fed.

Current-controlled mode

From stand still up to about 3000 rpm, the motor's emf is low and the current can be regulated to the
reference value. In this operation mode, the average value of the developed torque is approximately
proportional to the current reference. In addition to the torque ripple due to phase transitions, we
note also the torque ripple created by the switching of the hysteresis regulator. This operation mode
is also called constant torque operation.

Voltage-fed mode

For speeds above 3000 rpm, the motor's emf is high and the phase currents cannot attain the
reference value imposed by the current regulators. The converter operation changes naturally to
voltage-fed mode in which there is no modulation of the power switches. They remain closed during
their active periods and the constant DC supply voltage is continuously applied to the phase
windings. This results in linear varying flux waveforms as shown on the scope. In voltage-fed mode,
the SRM develops its 'natural' characteristic in which the average value of the developed torque is
inversely proportional to the motor speed. Since the hysteresis regulator is inactive in this case, only
torque ripple due to phase transitions is present in the torque waveforms.

Optimization of the Torque Characteristic - Adaptive Switching Angle

In SRM drives, both the average torque and torque ripple are affected by the turn-on and turn-off
angles and by the current waveforms in the motor phases. And these characteristics change as a
function of the motor speed. In many applications, electric vehicle drives for instance, it is highly
desirable to have highest torque/ampere ratio and lowest torque ripple and this over a widest speed
range possible. The SRM torque characteristic can be optimized by applying appropriated pre-
calculated turn-on and turn-off angles in function of the motor current and speed. The optimum
values of optimum angles can be stored in a 2-D lookup table.

THERMAL & FLUID FLOW SIMULATION ON STATOR

ROTOR STRENGTH ANALYSIS WITH ANSYS

ROTOR BALANCING & VALIDATION

TORQUE & PERFORMACE SIMULATION & MAPPING BY ALTAIR & ANSYS

C:\Users\HP\Downloads\SRM-260 Test Setup.MP4