B.
Isolate viruses
Part I – Multiple Choice C. Identify disease-causing organisms
D. Classify bacteria into Gram stain
Choose the best answer for each question. categories
1. Who proposed the Spontaneous 8. The Gram stain method was invented
Generation Theory? by:
A. Louis Pasteur A. Robert Koch
B. Aristotle B. Alexander Fleming
C. Robert Koch C. Hans Christian Joachim Gram
D. Edward Jenner D. Emil Von Behring
2. The term "animalcules" was coined by: 9. Who developed the Petri dish?
A. Hans Gram A. Julius Richard Petri
B. Louis Pasteur B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek C. Kary Mullis
D. Julius Petri D. John Snow
3. Who introduced the first vaccine for 10. Which scientist conducted a cholera
smallpox? outbreak investigation in London in
A. Fracastoro 1854?
B. Alexander Fleming A. Philipp Semmelweis
C. Edward Jenner B. Robert Koch
D. Kary Mullis C. John Snow
D. Fracastoro
4. Miasmatic Theory was based on the
belief that disease came from: 11. Which microorganism did Robert Koch
A. Insects discover in 1882?
B. Evil spirits A. HIV
C. Bad air B. Cholera vibrio
D. Dirty water C. Tubercle bacillus
D. Streptococcus pneumoniae
5. Which of the following disproved
spontaneous generation using a 12. Who is considered the "Saviour of
swan-neck flask? Mothers"?
A. Fr. John Needham A. Louis Pasteur
B. Louis Pasteur B. Joseph Lister
C. Fr. Spallanzani C. Philipp Ignaz Semmelweis
D. Joseph Lister D. Emil von Behring
6. Who is recognized as the Father of 13. The first synthetic quinolone, Nalidixic
Antiseptic Surgery? Acid, was discovered in:
A. Edward Jenner A. 1953
B. Joseph Lister B. 1962
C. Robert Koch C. 1981
D. John Snow D. 1990
7. Koch’s Postulates were established to: 14. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
A. Invent the microscope was developed by:
A. Kary B. Mullis 25. ___ Virus that caused a global
B. Louis Pasteur pandemic in 2020.
C. Watson and Crick
D. Robert Koch
Part I – Multiple Choice (1–25)
15. The first antitoxins for diphtheria and
tetanus were developed by: Choose the best answer.
A. Emil Von Behring
B. Alexander Fleming 1. What is the study of organisms too small
C. Hans Gram to be seen clearly by the unaided eye?
D. Fr. Spallanzani A. Pathology
B. Microbiology
C. Histology
D. Immunology
Part II – Identification 2. Who was the first to suggest that
disease was caused by invisible living
Write the correct answer in the space provided. creatures?
A. Aristotle
16. ___ He discovered penicillin in 1929.
B. John Snow
C. Girolamo Fracastoro
17. ___ He demonstrated that anthrax is
D. Edward Jenner
caused by Bacillus anthracis.
3. Which theory claimed that life could
18. ___ A Danish bacteriologist who divided
arise from non-living matter?
bacteria into Gram-positive and
A. Germ theory
Gram-negative.
B. Cell theory
C. Spontaneous generation
19. ___ Scientist who used chlorinated
D. Biogenesis
lime solution for handwashing in
hospitals.
4. Who first observed microorganisms,
which he called “animalcules”?
20. ___ He first suggested that disease was
A. Joseph Lister
caused by invisible living creatures in
B. Robert Koch
1546.
C. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
D. Louis Pasteur
21. ___ Developed the first
epidemiological map to trace cholera
5. Which of the following contributed to
transmission.
disproving the Spontaneous Generation
Theory?
22. ___ He prepared the first vaccine
A. Fr. Needham
against rabies and anthrax.
B. Fr. Spallanzani
C. Louis Pasteur
23. ___ Discovered the structure of DNA in
D. All of the above
1953.
6. What did the Miasmatic Theory
24. ___ Disease first recognized in 1981,
propose?
caused by a retrovirus.
A. Microorganisms cause disease
B. Disease comes from bad air D. Stain fungi
C. Viruses come from toxins
D. Bacteria are airborne only 14. Which of the following is correctly
matched?
7. Who introduced handwashing in A. Petri – Gram stain
hospitals to reduce puerperal fever? B. Koch – Penicillin
A. Edward Jenner C. Petri – Petri dish
B. Louis Pasteur D. Fleming – Rabies vaccine
C. Philipp Ignaz Semmelweis
D. Robert Koch 15. Who discovered penicillin?
A. Alexander Fleming
8. John Snow is considered the father of: B. Robert Koch
A. Vaccinology C. Joseph Lister
B. Epidemiology D. Kary Mullis
C. Bacteriology
D. Parasitology 16. Who prepared the first antitoxins for
diphtheria and tetanus?
9. Who introduced the first vaccine for A. Emil von Behring
smallpox? B. Robert Koch
A. John Snow C. Edward Jenner
B. Alexander Fleming D. Louis Pasteur
C. Edward Jenner
D. Robert Koch 17. What was discovered by Watson and
Crick in 1953?
10. What process did Louis Pasteur develop A. Penicillin
to kill microbes in liquids? B. DNA’s double helix
A. Fermentation C. PCR
B. Immunization D. Petri dish
C. Pasteurization
D. Sterilization 18. What is the function of the diaphragm in
a microscope?
11. Joseph Lister’s major contribution to A. Holds the slide
surgery was: B. Adjusts magnification
A. Development of anesthesia C. Controls light entering the specimen
B. Antiseptic surgery D. Focuses the image
C. First antibiotic use
D. Surgical sutures 19. The part of the microscope that brings
the image into sharp focus is the:
12. What are Koch’s Postulates used for? A. Coarse adjustment knob
A. Identifying chemical compounds B. Base
B. Classifying viruses C. Fine adjustment knob
C. Establishing the cause of infectious D. Arm
diseases
D. Creating vaccines 20. Which of the following divisions focuses
on bacteria?
13. The Gram stain is used to: A. Mycology
A. Classify viruses B. Virology
B. Isolate antigens C. Bacteriology
C. Differentiate types of bacteria
D. Parasitology 28. ___ Proposed the idea of invisible living
creatures causing disease in 1546.
21. The study of fungi is called:
A. Virology 29. ___ He developed the Gram staining
B. Mycology technique.
C. Bacteriology
D. Protozoology 30. ___ Developed the Petri dish still used
in labs today.
22. What microorganism causes
meningococcemia? 31. ___ Discovered tubercle bacilli in 1882.
A. Virus
B. Fungus 32. ___ Synthesized Nalidixic acid, the first
C. Bacteria quinolone antimicrobial.
D. Protozoan
33. ___ Year when AIDS was first
23. Who developed the Polymerase Chain recognized.
Reaction (PCR)?
A. Hans Gram 34. ___ German scientist who received the
B. Robert Koch first Nobel Prize for antitoxin discovery.
C. Kary Mullis
D. John Snow 35. ___ Developed the phase-contrast
microscope.
24. Which virus caused the global outbreak
in 2020? 36. ___ Disease recognized in 2016 caused
A. Zika by a mosquito-borne virus.
B. SARS-CoV-2
C. MERS-CoV 37. ___ Virus that caused an outbreak in
D. Ebola Baguio City in 2004.
25. Which of the following is NOT a basic 38. ___ First human disease to be
part of a microscope? controlled by vaccine.
A. Condenser
B. Arm 39. ___ Name the bacteria that causes
C. Timer anthrax.
D. Stage
40. ___ Used a swan-neck flask to disprove
spontaneous generation.
Part II – Identification (26–40)
Write the correct name or term.
26. ___ Developed antiseptic techniques in
surgery using carbolic acid spray.
27. ___ Scientist who introduced the
concept of vaccination.
Choose the correct answer. 8. Which of the following is a bacterial
stain method?
1. What does microbiology study? A. Jenner stain
A. Cells B. Fleming stain
B. Organs C. Gram stain
C. Microscopic organisms D. Pasteur stain
D. Bones
9. The “Father of Antiseptic Surgery” is:
2. Who discovered penicillin? A. Joseph Lister
A. Robert Koch B. Robert Koch
B. Alexander Fleming C. Louis Pasteur
C. Edward Jenner D. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
D. John Snow
10. What is the correct division for the study
3. Which part of the microscope holds the of viruses?
slide? A. Bacteriology
A. Stage B. Mycology
B. Diaphragm C. Virology
C. Base D. Parasitology
D. Arm
11. Who developed the Petri dish?
4. The scientist who first used the term A. Gram
“animalcules” was: B. Behring
A. Redi C. Petri
B. Jenner D. Lister
C. Leeuwenhoek
D. Koch 12. Which epidemic was mapped by John
Snow?
5. What is the function of the coarse A. Influenza
adjustment knob? B. Cholera
A. Move the slide C. Smallpox
B. Adjust magnification D. Zika
C. Roughly focus the image
D. Control light 13. What is Pasteurization?
A. Fermentation process
6. What kind of vaccine did Edward Jenner B. Staining technique
develop? C. Heat-killing of microbes in liquids
A. Rabies D. Type of vaccine
B. Tetanus
C. Smallpox 14. What does the diaphragm in a
D. Polio microscope control?
A. Airflow
7. The base of a microscope: B. Temperature
A. Holds the eyepiece C. Light intensity
B. Controls magnification D. Magnification
C. Supports the microscope
D. Adjusts the light 15. Who introduced handwashing in
obstetrics?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. John Snow B. Bacillus anthracis
C. Philipp Semmelweis C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D. Robert Koch D. E. coli
23. What was the first quinolone
antimicrobial discovered?
A. Ciprofloxacin
16. The Gram stain divides bacteria into: B. Nalidixic Acid
A. Positive and Negative C. Amoxicillin
B. Rod and Cocci D. Streptomycin
C. Fast and Slow growers
D. Aerobes and Anaerobes 24. What year was AIDS first recognized?
A. 1962
17. Which scientist created the first vaccine B. 1976
for rabies? C. 1981
A. Edward Jenner D. 1989
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Alexander Fleming 25. What year was SARS-CoV-2 identified?
D. Robert Koch A. 2016
B. 2020
18. What is Koch best known for? C. 2019
A. Discovery of penicillin D. 2022
B. Antiseptic techniques
C. Koch’s Postulates 26. Which organism did Koch discover in
D. Mapping cholera 1882?
A. Smallpox virus
19. In 1929, this antibiotic was discovered B. Anthrax bacillus
accidentally: C. Tubercle bacillus
A. Streptomycin D. Diphtheria bacillus
B. Penicillin
C. Quinolone 27. What does “mal-aria” literally mean?
D. Tetracycline A. Bad disease
B. Bad bacteria
20. What division of microbiology studies C. Bad air
fungi? D. Bad insects
A. Parasitology
B. Virology 28. Who attempted to disprove spontaneous
C. Bacteriology generation using sealed flasks?
D. Mycology A. Redi
B. Spallanzani
21. Who proposed the double-helix C. Jenner
structure of DNA? D. Lister
A. Fleming and Behring
B. Watson and Crick 29. The first Nobel Prize in Physiology was
C. Jenner and Lister awarded to:
D. Leeuwenhoek and Koch A. Koch
B. Lister
22. What organism causes anthrax? C. Behring
A. Vibrio cholerae
D. Snow Write the correct name or term.
30. The microscope part that allows rotating 36. ___ Inventor of the Gram staining
between objectives is: technique.
A. Eyepiece
B. Revolving nosepiece 37. ___ Discovered penicillin.
C. Diaphragm
D. Coarse knob 38. ___ Used handwashing to reduce
childbed fever.
39. ___ Developed Koch’s Postulates.
31. What was the theory accepted before 40. ___ Known for developing the rabies
the germ theory of disease? vaccine.
A. Theory of Evolution
B. Biogenesis 41. ___ Developed the Petri dish.
C. Miasmatic Theory
D. Cell Theory 42. ___ Observed “animalcules” under a
microscope.
32. Which scientist used a “swan-neck flask”
to disprove spontaneous generation? 43. ___ Disease-mapping pioneer of the
A. Needham 1854 cholera outbreak.
B. Pasteur
C. Leeuwenhoek 44. ___ Synthesized Nalidixic Acid.
D. Jenner
45. ___ Developed Polymerase Chain
33. Who discovered “animalcules” in 1676? Reaction (PCR).
A. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
B. Robert Hooke 46. ___ 2020 global pandemic virus.
C. John Needham
D. Fracastoro 47. ___ 2016 mosquito-borne viral outbreak.
34. The year Gram stain was developed: 48. ___ 2004 bacterial outbreak in Baguio
A. 1884 City.
B. 1887
C. 1890 49. ___ 1881 experimenter who cultured
D. 1929 bacteria on gelatin.
35. What is the function of Koch’s 50. ___ Concept that diseases arise from
Postulates? bad air.
A. Diagnose cancer
B. Prove disease causation by
microbes
C. Identify antibiotics
D. Develop vaccines
Historical Development (1–30) 15. ___ Introduced antiseptic surgery in
1867.
1. ___ Proposed the Spontaneous
Generation Theory during 384–322 BC. 16. ___ Developed postulates for identifying
the causative agents of diseases in
2. ___ Accepted Spontaneous Generation 1884.
in the 16th century; believed mice could
come from wheat and cloth. 17. ___ Published a method to stain
bacteria (Gram stain) in 1884.
3. ___ Proposed in 1546 that disease was
caused by invisible living creatures. 18. ___ Discovered tubercle bacilli in 1882.
4. ___ Published an experiment in 1668 on 19. ___ Developed the culture plate now
maggots, challenging Spontaneous named after him in 1887.
Generation.
20. ___ Created antitoxins for diphtheria
5. ___ Discovered “animalcules” in 1676 and tetanus in 1890.
using a simple microscope.
21. ___ Discovered penicillin in 1929.
6. ___ Priest who attempted to disprove
Spontaneous Generation in 1748. 22. ___ Developed the phase-contrast
microscope.
7. ___ Attacked Spontaneous Generation
Theory in 1799 with improved 23. ___ Scientists who proposed the
experiments. double-helix model of DNA in 1953.
8. ___ Introduced vaccination for smallpox 24. ___ Synthesized the first quinolone
in 1796. antimicrobial (Nalidixic Acid).
9. ___ Promoted handwashing to prevent 25. ___ Year AIDS was first recognized.
childbed fever (1847–1850).
26. ___ Scientists who isolated HIV in 1983.
10. ___ Identified the source of a cholera
outbreak in London in 1854. 27. ___ Developed the Polymerase Chain
Reaction in 1984.
11. ___ Scientist who disproved
Spontaneous Generation with his 28. ___ Coronavirus outbreak in 2003.
swan-neck flask in 1861.
29. ___ Bacterial outbreak in Baguio City in
12. ___ Developed the process of 2004.
pasteurization.
30. ___ Virus outbreak in 2020.
13. ___ Discovered the anthrax vaccine.
14. ___ Developed the rabies vaccine.
🔹 Divisions of Microbiology
(31–35)
(Based on the "Divisions of Microbiology" slide) 41. ___ The microscope part that supports
the body tube.
31. ___ Division of microbiology that studies
bacteria. 42. ___ The part used to bring the image
into sharp focus.
32. ___ Division that deals with the study of
viruses. 43. ___ Lens used to magnify the specimen
at 10x.
33. ___ Division concerned with fungi and
fungal infections. 44. ___ Lens typically used with oil
immersion at 100x magnification.
34. ___ Division focusing on protozoa.
45. ___ Microscope part that holds the slide
35. ___ Division involving the study of in place.
parasitic worms and insects.
46. ___ Controls the amount of light that
passes through the specimen.
🔹 Microbiology Laboratory Setup 47. ___ Brings the specimen roughly into
focus before fine adjustment.
(36–40)
48. ___ Holds the objective lenses and
allows them to rotate.
(Based on the "Laboratory Setup" slide)
36. ___ Equipment used to grow 49. ___ Platform where the specimen slide
microorganisms (named after Julius is placed.
Richard).
50. ___ Device below the stage that focuses
37. ___ Type of media used to support light onto the specimen.
bacterial growth in lab.
38. ___ Technique to prevent contamination
in lab procedures.
39. ___ Process introduced by Semmelweis
to reduce infection in maternity wards.
40. ___ An example of a discovery that led
to better sterilization and lab safety.
🔹 The Microscope (41–50)
(Based on “The Microscope” section in the
outline)