Flight Management System
Functionality
1
FMS Functionality
2
3
Flying with PBN & GNSS
4
Flying with PBN & GNSS
5
Multimode Receiver & Autopilot
VORDME
DME DME
GNSS
INS / IRS
6
7
MMR Equipped Aircraft
8
On-Board Database
• Aerodrome Data
• Available Navigation Aids
• Flight paths to follow (charts)
ALL RNAV TRAJECTORIES ARE CODED
INTO THE DATA BASE
FMS Database
Coding the Procedure
Procedure coding
– Translates textual description of route or a terminal procedure
into a format useable in RNAV systems.
Two steps:
– Translation from AIP text/chart into ARINC 424 alphanumeric
code
– Translation from ARINC 424 into avionic specific binary code
(known as ‘packing’)
Successful translation into ARINC 424 depends upon a clear and
unambiguous description of the route/procedure.
Waypoints
Waypoints
Waypoints
Fly-by
Fly-over
Radius to Fix (RF)
RNAV – Path Terminator Leg Type
Path Terminator
Constant DME arc A A Altitude
Course to C C Distance
Direct Track D D DME distance
Course from a fix to F F Fix
Holding pattern H I Next leg
Initial I M Manual termination
Constant radius R R Radial termination
Track between T
Heading to V
Path Terminators
• Course to an Altitude - CA
• Course to a Fix - CF
• Direct to a Fix - DF
• Fix to an Altitude - FA
• Fix to a Manual Termination - FM
• Racetrack Course Reversal (Alt Term) - HA
• Racetrack (Single Circuit - Fix Term) - HF
• Racetrack (Manual Termination) - HM
• Initial Fix - IF
• Track to a Fix - TF
• Constant Radius Arc - RF
• Heading to an Altitude - VA
• Heading to an Intercept - VI
• Heading to a Manual Termination - VM
Course to an Altitude
Unspecified
Position
Course is flown making adjustment for wind
0
090
CA Leg
Course to Fix
A
Course is flown making adjustment for wind
Direct to Fix
Unspecified position
Direct
DF Leg
A
Fix to Altitude
FA leg is flown making adjustment for wind
0
080
Unspecified
Position
A
8000'
From a Fix to a Manual Termination
FM leg is flown making adjustment for wind
Radar
80
0 Vectors
A
Racetrack and Holding
HA - Terminates at an altitude
A
HF - Terminates at the fix after
one orbit 340 0
HM - Manually terminated
Initial Fix
IF
A
Radius to Fix
RF Leg
C
B
A
Arc
Centre
Track to a Fix
TF Leg
B
A
Heading to an Altitude
Unspecified
Position
No correction made for wind
0
090
VA Leg
8000'
Heading to Manual Termination
No correction made for wind
Turn Anticipations
Turn Anticipations
Tabular Description
RNAV Approach
Bearing/
Path Waypoint Fly Course/Track/ Turn Altitude Speed Required VPA/
Range to
Terminator Name Over Heading ºM (ºT) Direction Constraint Constraint Navaid TCH
Navaid
IF SUSER - - - +5000 250 - LOM 262/29 -
TF CV023 - - - 4000 - - - -
CF CV024 - 348º (347.8º) - 2680 150 OKE - -
TF RW35L Y - - 370 - - - -3º/50
FA RW35L - 348º (347.8º) L 770 - OKE - -
DF SUSER Y - - 5000 - - - -
RNAV SID
Bearing/
Path Waypoint Course/Track/ Turn Altitude Speed Required Vertical
Fly Over Range to
Terminator Name Heading ºM (ºT) Direction Constraint Constraint Navaid Path Angle
Navaid
FA RW20 - 201º (203.3º) R 400 - - - -
DF FOKSI - - - - 250 - - -
TF PF213 Y 345º (346.8º) - +5000 250 - OKE 330/30 -
Examples of FMS leg type capability
FMS MAINLINE: GE FMS REGIONAL: Universal FMS
S/W version U5.0 U7.5 U10.7 SCN 15/16 SCN SCN SCN
101-320 405/505 601+/701+ 801+/901+
600/700
Year 1990 1997 2007 2001
Take-off update yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
GPS no yes yes no yes yes yes
DME/DME yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
Intertial yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
IF yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
TF yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
CF yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
DF yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
FA yes yes yes no yes yes yes
FC yes yes yes no yes yes yes
FD yes yes yes no yes yes yes
FM yes yes yes no yes yes yes
CA yes yes yes no yes yes yes
CD yes yes yes no yes yes yes
CI yes yes yes no yes yes yes
CR yes yes yes no yes yes yes
RF no no yes no no no yes
AF no no yes no yes yes yes
VA yes yes yes no yes yes yes
VD yes yes yes no yes yes yes
VI yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
VM yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
VR yes yes yes no yes yes yes
PI no yes yes no yes yes yes
HA, HF, HM (holding) HM only HM, HF HM, HF no no yes yes
FRT no no yes no no no no