NMK Achakzai
Mathematics is the study of numbers, quantity, shapes
and structures using logical reasoning and abstract
concepts.
Mathematics is fundamental to many other disciplines,
including science, engineering, medicine, computer
science, economics, management sciences and many
others.
Is mathematics a science or art???
Mathematics can be viewed as both a science and an art.
It functions as a science due to its rigorous logical structure
and the ability to establish verifiable truths through
deduction.
It is also considered an art because it involves creative
problem-solving and the exploration of abstract concepts
and patterns.
Types of Numbers
NMK Achakzai
NATURAL NUMBERS
umbers that start from
so on are called
natural numbers. “7ero” is
not a natural number. So, i is
the smallest natural number.
ll Natural numbers
0 and together i.e,
so on are called
whole
numbers. Zero is the smallest
whole number.
•A counting number which is exactly
divisible by z is called an even number.
•For Example :-
etc.
•Every unit place of an even number
will be o,z 4 6,8.
•A counting number which is not
divisible by z is called an odd
number.
.
•For Example :- 1,3,5
Linear
Equations in
Two Variables
NMK Achakzai
Linear Equations in Two Variables
An equation that can be written in standard form
ax + by = c
Determine whether or not each equation is a linear
equation in two variables. If yes, write it in standard
form.
5x + 3y = 6 Yes
Already in standard
form
Determine whether or not each equation is a linear
equation in two variables. If yes, write it in standard
form.
x = 7y + 3 Yes
x – 7y = 7y – 7y + 3
x – 7y = 3 Standard form
Determine whether or not each equation is a linear
equation in two variables. If yes, write it in standard
form.
3x2 – y = 9 No
Determine whether or not each equation is a linear
equation in two variables. If yes, write it in standard
form.
xy = -5 No
Determine whether or not each equation is a linear
equation in two variables. If yes, write it in standard
form.
Yes
Solutions of a Linear Equations in
Two Variables
These are ordered pairs (x, y) that make the
equation true.
Determine whether (3, -2) is a solution of the
equation 5y = -2x – 4.
5y = -2x – 4
5(-2) = -2(3) – 4
-10 = -6 – 4
-10 = -10 YES
Determine whether (-1, 4) is a solution of the
equation 6x + 2y = 3
6x + 2y = 3
6(-1) + 2(4) = 3
-6 + 8 = 3
2≠3 NO
Graphing Linear Equations in Two Variables
Three Ways:
1. Table of Values
2. x – and y – intercepts
3. Slope and one point
Graph y = 4x – 2 using table of values.
x y = 4x – 2 y (x, y)
-1 y = 4(-1) – 2 -6 (-1, -6)
0 y = 4(0) – 2 -2 (0, -2)
1 y = 4(1) – 2 2 (1, 2)
Graph
y = 4x – 2
y = 4x –
2
(-1, -6) (1, 2)
(0, -2)
(1, 2) (0, -2)
(-1, -6)
Graphing Linear Equations in Two Variables
in Two Variables using x – and y - intercepts
x – intercept is the point where a line
crosses the x - axis
To solve for the x – intercept, let y = 0 and solve for x.
Example: Find the x – intercept of x - 2y = 4
y=0
x – 2(0) = 4
x=4
The graph of x – 2y = 4 will cross the x – axis at (4, 0)
y – intercept is the point where a line
crosses the y - axis
To solve for the y – intercept, let x = 0 and solve for y.
Example: Find the y – intercept of x - 2y = 4
x=0
y=-2
The graph of x – 2y = 4 will cross the y – axis at (0, -2)