Class 10 Biology Question Paper
Class 10 Biology Question Paper
Duration: 120 Mins | Full Marks: 80
SECTION A (40 Marks) (40 marks)
Attempt ALL questions. For Q1, write ONLY the correct option (a/b/c/d).
Q1. Which of the following describes the mechanism of water movement through
the leaf intercellular spaces during stomatal transpiration? (1 mark)
A. Osmosis
B. Diffusion
C. Imbibition
D. Active Transport
Q2. The percentage of total transpiration that occurs through the lenticels is
approximately: (1 mark)
A. 90 percent
B. 10 percent
C. 0.1 percent
D. 50 percent
Q3. Which set of conditions will result in the highest rate of transpiration? (1 mark)
A. Still air, humid, high light
B. Windy, dry, high light
C. Windy, humid, low light
D. Still air, dry, low light
Q4. The use of a potometer assumes that the rate of water absorption is almost
equal to the rate of: (1 mark)
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Transpiration
D. Guttation
Q5. Guttation occurs through specialized structures called: (1 mark)
A. Stomata
B. Lenticels
Page 1 of 5
Class 10 Biology Question Paper
C. Hydathodes
D. Cuticle
Q6. A cobalt chloride paper turns from blue to pink when it comes in contact with: (1
mark)
A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Moisture
D. Nitrogen
Q7. In a Ganong's potometer, the air bubble is introduced into the horizontal
graduated tube to measure: (1 mark)
A. Water pressure
B. Root pressure
C. Volume of water absorbed
D. Volume of food produced
Q8. Which of the following is an anatomical adaptation to reduce transpiration in
Nerium? (1 mark)
A. Broad leaves
B. Sunken stomata
C. Thin cuticle
D. Lack of bark
Q9. Assertion (A): Transpiration has a cooling effect on the plant body. Reason (R):
Evaporation of water from the leaf surface reduces the temperature of the leaf. (1
mark)
A. Both A and R are true and R explains A
B. Both A and R are true but R does not explain A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Q10. Transpiration through the waxy layer on the epidermis of leaves is called: (1
mark)
A. Stomatal transpiration
B. Lenticular transpiration
C. Cuticular transpiration
Page 2 of 5
Class 10 Biology Question Paper
D. Guttation
Q11. Exudation of sap from the injured parts of a plant is known as: (1 mark)
A. Transpiration
B. Bleeding
C. Guttation
D. Osmosis
Q12. Increased carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere beyond a certain
limit usually causes: (1 mark)
A. Stomatal opening
B. Stomatal closure
C. Increase in transpiration
D. Increase in guttation
Q13. Which of the following is a precaution for using a potometer effectively? (1
mark)
A. The twig must be dry
B. The apparatus must be air-tight
C. Keep it in the dark
D. Use a woody thick stem
Q14. Bleeding in plants occurs mainly due to: (1 mark)
A. Transpiration pull
B. Root pressure
C. Atmospheric pressure
D. Capillarity
Q15. Assertion (A): Transpiration is a 'necessary evil'. Reason (R): It causes loss of
water but helps in the ascent of sap and cooling. (1 mark)
A. Both A and R are true and R explains A
B. Both A and R are true but R does not explain A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Q16. The process of loss of water in the form of water vapour from the aerial parts
of a plant is _______. (1 mark)
Page 3 of 5
Class 10 Biology Question Paper
Q17. Tiny openings on the bark of old woody stems are _______. (1 mark)
Q18. The instrument used to measure the rate of water intake in a plant is _______.
(1 mark)
Q19. Droplets of water along the leaf margins of a Grass plant in early morning are
due to _______. (1 mark)
Q20. The waxy layer on the surface of leaf to prevent excessive water loss is
_______. (1 mark)
Q21. Potassium ion concentration theory explains the opening and closing of
_______. (1 mark)
Q22. State the difference between Transpiration and Evaporation with respect to the
type of process (physical/physiological). (2 marks)
Q23. A twig is placed in a potometer. The air bubble moves 5 mm in 10 minutes.
Calculate the rate of water intake in mm per minute. (2 marks)
Q24. Define the term 'Transpiration Pull'. (2 marks)
Q25. Name two internal factors that affect the rate of transpiration. (2 marks)
Q26. Why is it difficult to introduce an air bubble in a potometer? Mention one
precaution taken while cutting the twig. (2 marks)
Q27. Give two biological advantages of transpiration for a plant. (2 marks)
Q28. Distinguish between Guttation and Bleeding based on the cause of the
process. (2 marks)
Q29. What is the reason for the wilting of leaves in some plants during a hot
afternoon? (2 marks)
Q30. Describe an experiment to show that more transpiration occurs from the lower
surface of a dorsiventral leaf. Use text only. (3 marks)
SECTION B (40 Marks) (40 marks)
Attempt ALL questions. Show complete working.
Q31. Explain the Potassium Ion Concentration Theory of stomatal opening. Describe
the movement of ions and the resulting turgidity changes. (3 marks)
Q32. How does the relative humidity and velocity of wind independently affect the
rate of transpiration? Justify your answer. (3 marks)
Q33. Plants growing in xeric (dry) conditions exhibit various adaptations to reduce
transpiration. Explain any four such adaptations in detail. (4 marks)
Page 4 of 5
Class 10 Biology Question Paper
Q34. Explain the mechanism of stomatal transpiration from the point where water
reaches the mesophyll cells to its exit into the atmosphere. (3 marks)
Q35. Name the three types of transpiration and compare their relative contributions
to the total water loss from a plant. (3 marks)
Q36. Differentiate between Transpiration and Guttation based on: (a) State of water
lost, (b) Time of occurrence, (c) Composition of water lost, (d) Site of occurrence. (4
marks)
Q37. Describe the Ganong's Potometer experiment. State its purpose and the role of
the graduation on the horizontal tube. (3 marks)
Q38. Mention three limitations of using a potometer for measuring the rate of
transpiration accurately. (3 marks)
Q39. A student sets up two belt jars. Jar A contains a well-watered potted plant with
the pot covered by a plastic sheet. Jar B is empty. Both are kept in sunlight.
Describe the observation and provide a scientific explanation for the difference. (4
marks)
Q40. Explain the significance of transpiration in providing a constant supply of
water and minerals to the top of tall trees. (3 marks)
Q41. How does the intensity of light affect the opening and closing of stomata, and
subsequently, the rate of transpiration? (3 marks)
Q42. Explain the term 'Bleeding' in plants. How is it different from 'Transpiration
Pull'? Provide one example where bleeding is observed and state its reason. (4
marks)
Page 5 of 5