Class 10 Biology Question Paper
Class 10 Biology Question Paper
Duration: 120 Mins | Full Marks: 80
Instructions:
• All questions are compulsory. No 'OR' choices.
• Show all working clearly for full marks.
• Marks indicated in brackets [ ].
• Text-only format; no diagrams required.
SECTION A (40 Marks) (40 marks)
Attempt ALL questions. For Q1, write ONLY the correct option (a/b/c/d).
Q1. Which of these is the correct balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis?
(1 mark)
A. 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light → C6H12O6 + 6O2
B. 6CO2 + 12H2O + Light → C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2
C. CO2 + H2O + Light → CH2O + O2
D. 6CO2 + 10H2O + Light → C6H12O6 + 4H2O + 6O2
Q2. The specific function of light energy in the process of photosynthesis is to: (1
mark)
A. Activate chlorophyll
B. Split water molecules
C. Reduce carbon dioxide
D. Synthesize glucose
Q3. According to the Potassium Ion Concentration Theory, stomata open when: (1
mark)
A. K+ ions move out of guard cells
B. Guard cells become flaccid
C. K+ ions are pumped into guard cells
D. Water potential of guard cells increases
Q4. The primary site of the dark reaction (Light-independent phase) in a chloroplast
is the: (1 mark)
A. Grana
B. Stroma
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Class 10 Biology Question Paper
C. Thylakoid
D. Inner membrane
Q5. Assertion (A): Photosynthesis is considered an anabolic process. Reason (R): It
involves the synthesis of complex organic molecules from simple inorganic raw
materials. (1 mark)
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Q6. Which metal atom is present at the center of the chlorophyll molecule? (1 mark)
A. Iron
B. Copper
C. Magnesium
D. Manganese
Q7. The process of Photophosphorylation results in the formation of: (1 mark)
A. ADP from ATP
B. ATP from ADP
C. NADP from NADPH
D. Glucose from CO2
Q8. During the photolysis of water, which gas is released as a by-product? (1 mark)
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Hydrogen
Q9. The conversion of excess glucose into starch for storage is known as: (1 mark)
A. Polymerization
B. Photolysis
C. Hydrolysis
D. Phosphorylation
Q10. In the 'Sugar Concentration Theory', the osmotic pressure of guard cells
increases due to the formation of: (1 mark)
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Class 10 Biology Question Paper
A. Starch
B. Glucose
C. Proteins
D. Oxygen
Q11. Assertion (A): Photosynthesis is the ultimate source of energy for all living
organisms. Reason (R): Green plants are the only organisms that can trap solar
energy. (1 mark)
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Q12. Which of these factors does NOT directly limit the rate of photosynthesis? (1
mark)
A. Light intensity
B. Carbon dioxide concentration
C. Oxygen concentration
D. Chlorophyll content
Q13. The end product of the light reaction that is used in the dark reaction is: (1
mark)
A. Oxygen
B. NADPH
C. Water
D. Carbon dioxide
Q14. NADP stands for: (1 mark)
A. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate
B. Nitro Adenosine Di-phosphorus
C. Nicotine Acid Di-phosphate
D. Neonatal Adenine Di-nucleate Phosphorus
Q15. The tiny openings on the lower surface of most leaves used for gas exchange
are: (1 mark)
A. Lenticels
B. Stomata
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Class 10 Biology Question Paper
C. Hydathodes
D. Cuticles
Q16. The ground substance of the chloroplast in which the grana are embedded is
the ______. (1 mark)
Q17. The chemical used to test the presence of starch in a leaf is ______. (1 mark)
Q18. The phase of photosynthesis which is also called the Biosynthetic phase is the
______ Phase. (1 mark)
Q19. The wavelength of light at which maximum photosynthesis occurs is ______
light. (1 mark)
Q20. The compound which acts as the 'energy currency' of the cell is ______. (1
mark)
Q21. The process of splitting water molecules using light energy is called ______. (1
mark)
Q22. Explain how the thickness of guard cell walls facilitates stomatal opening. (2
marks)
Q23. What happens to the rate of photosynthesis if the temperature increases
beyond 45°C? Give a reason. (2 marks)
Q24. Differentiate between Photolysis and Photophosphorylation. (2 marks)
Q25. State the two main functions of the stomatal apparatus. (2 marks)
Q26. List two adaptations of a leaf for efficient photosynthesis. (2 marks)
Q27. Name the two types of chlorophyll most commonly found in green plants. (2
marks)
Q28. Why is it necessary to destarch a plant before starting an experiment on
photosynthesis? (2 marks)
Q29. Define the term 'Photo-chemical phase'. (2 marks)
Q30. Arrange the following in the correct logical sequence: Formation of glucose,
Photolysis of water, Trapping of solar energy, Polymerization. (3 marks)
SECTION B (40 Marks) (40 marks)
Attempt ALL questions. Show complete working.
Q31. Describe the mechanism of stomatal opening according to the Sugar
Concentration Theory. (3 marks)
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Class 10 Biology Question Paper
Q32. Explain the significance of the photolysis of water in the light reaction. (3 marks)
Q33. Describe an experimental setup to prove that carbon dioxide is necessary for
photosynthesis. (Word-based description of components and procedure). (4 marks)
Q34. Define 'Light-independent phase' and state where it occurs in the chloroplast.
(3 marks)
Q35. Explain how the rate of photosynthesis is affected by increasing intensity of
light at two different levels of carbon dioxide. (3 marks)
Q36. Carbon dioxide enter the leaf through stomata. Explain the role of the
concentration gradient in this process and how guard cells regulate it. (4 marks)
Q37. Outline the steps of the Light-dependent phase involving chlorophyll and ATP
formation. (3 marks)
Q38. Why is the Dark reaction so named? Does it only happen in the dark? Justify.
(3 marks)
Q39. Explain the importance of photosynthesis in maintaining the balance of the
ecosystem (oxygen-carbon dioxide balance and food chain). (4 marks)
Q40. What is polymerization in the context of photosynthesis? Why do plants store
food as starch rather than glucose? (3 marks)
Q41. Describe the 'Potassium Ion Concentration Theory' for the closing of stomata.
(3 marks)
Q42. You are provided with a variegated leaf (e.g., Coleus). Describe the steps you
would take to prove that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis. (4 marks)
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