IGCSE Algorithms Cheat Sheet

numStudents =
numStudents + 1

Declaration ELSE
Setting the name and datatype of a variable OUTPUT "Answer not recognised"
END If
Declaring variables
DECLARE counter : INTEGER NEXT X

DECLARE Total To Pay ; REAL Totaling

DECLARE GameOver : BOOLEAN total Merits = 0

Declaring Constants termEND :

FALSE
CONSTANT Hourly Rate < 6 50 . WHILE termEND == FAISE
"

CONSTANT Default Text < "NIA" OUTPUT "is the term over ?

Declaring Arrays/List INPUT choice

DECLARE Students Names : ARRAY (1 : 30] OF STRING If choice == "No"

DECLARE test Grades ARRAY (1 : 3 lis] Of OUTPUT "How do you have?"
CHAR
:
, many merits
2) for 3 grades for 3 Students INPUT merit
Basic Skills totalMerits = total Merits + merits

Assigning values to a variable ELSE If Choice ==

"Yes"
a <100 termEND :
TRUE
b +
19 END If
total (a + b 1 or = END WHiLE
product (a x b
Average
remainders a %b For X= 1 TO 7
using a constant OUTPUT "How much rain today"
CONSTANT required Score >45 INPUT rain Amount

INPUT Score total Rain& total Rain + rain amount

If score ! = required Score NEXT X

OUTPUT "You "Averge

"
can't OUTPUT :
rain per day" + total rain 0.

ELSE OUTPUT "You got Loop

"
it

END If Loop based on user input -

for Loop

checking if numbers are in range INPUTnumloops

Score' 80 For X= 1 to numloops

If score < 50 THEN OUTPUT "Loop" + X

OUTPUT "Fail" NEXT X

EISE If THENV Loop based on user input-while loop
OUTPUT "Pass" INPUT numLoops
EISE If XX 1

OUTPUT"Distinction" WHILE numloops) X =

END IF OUTPUT "Loop" + X

Counting X = X+ 1

numTeachers > O END WHILE

num Students = O For Loop increment

For X = 1 To 10 includes 1 and 10
day =
[ "Mon" "Thes" "Wed" "Thurs"
, , , ,
"Fri"]
OUTPUT "Are you FORX STEP
"
a teacher or student ? = 0TO 4 2

INPUT Choice OUTPUT day(s)

If Choice == "Teacher" NEXT X
numTeachers - numteachers + 1 / this would print mon , wed , fri
ELSE If Choice == "Student"
For loop decrements Insert a value to an array
day = [ "Mon" "Thes" "Wed" "Thurs" "Fri"]
, , , ,
DECLARE animalNames : ARRAY [1 : 30] OF STRING
FOR X =
4 to 0 STEP -1 For X = 0 To 9
OUTPUT day [x] INPUT name

NEXT X animal Names[x] - name

1/ This would print fr Thurs wed Thes Mon NEXT X

Repeat Untill Loop Linear Search

attempts = 0 animals : [ "Pig" "horse" "(at"]
, ,

REPEAT FOR X = 0 TO 2
INPUT Pw INPUT SearchName
attempts = attempts + 1 IfSearch Name == animal Names[(c]
UNTIL Pw "flower" = OUTPUT "Found"
me

Bubble false condition BREAK

sor
nums = [62 , 60 , 44 , 11] END If
FOR X 0 TO
E
= 2 NEXT X

FORY = 0 TO 2 Totalling values in an

array
If nums[Y] > nums [YH] Sales : ['i0" "zo" "3o" "8"]
, , ,

temp = nums[Y) total Sales = 0

nums[Y] = nums [y+) FORX = 0 TO 3

nums [Y +1) = temp totalsules < total Sales + Sales [x)

END If NEXT X

NEXT Y OUTPUT total Sales

NEXT Y 2D arrays
ID Arrays Outputting all contents

Outputting all values in array names : ( "Bill" "Bob" "Sue"]

, ,

names : ("Tom"" Harry" "Suzy" "Minji") , ,

grades = (162 , 60 44] , ,
16 27 22] (1
, ,
. ,
6. 81)
F OR X = 0 To 3 FOR X = 0 TO 2

OUTPUT names (x) OUTPUT "Student : " ,

names [x)

NEXT X FOR Y = 0 TO

Finding highest number OUTPUT grades [X][Y]

numbers = (20 , 50 , 94) NEXT Y

highest+o NEXT X
FOR X = 1 TO 2 Using If statements
If numbers [c) > highest names : ( "Bill" "Bob" "Sue"]
, ,

highest = numbers [x] grades = (162 6044) (6 27 22] (1

, , ,
. ,
6. 81)
END) If FOR X = 0 TO 2

NEXT X OUTPUT "Student : " ,

names [x)

OUTPUT highest FOR Y = 0 TO

Finding lowest number OUTPUT grades [X][Y]

numbers = (20 , 50 , 94) If grades [x][+] < 90

lowes
= 999 OUTPUT "Excellent Grade"
If numbers [x)) lowest EISE IF grades [x][Y] > 70
lowest = numbers [x] OUTPUT "good grade"
END) If ELSE
NEXT X OUTPUT "Bad Grade"
OUTPUT highest NEXT Y
NEXT X
Averaging values in a 2D array Reading from file
names : ( "Bill" "Bob" "Sue"]
, ,
OPEN names . txt FOR READ // opens file
grades = (162 6044) (6 27 22] (1
, , ,
. ,
6. 81) DECLARE line : STRING 11 declares variable
grandTotal :0 WHILE NOT Endoffile DO // Check if at end of file

FOR X = 0 TO 2 READFILE Marks . Ext , line/1 read the next line

total= 0 to the line variable

OUTPUT "Student:" names (x) output line// output the line just read
,

fOR Y = 0 TO 2 END WHILE

&otal =
total + grades [x][y] CLOSEFilE names .
Ext 1/ close the file

grandTotal : grandTotal + grades [x] [y] Writing to file

NEXT Y 1 opens a file in written role

OUTPUT total OPEN marns txt FOR

OUTPUT names() , "Average" total/3 INPUT name

NEXT X INPUT mark

OUTPUT "All Student average :

"
Grand Total/a / is used to save some fin me

Counting values in 21 array recorda name + "Murk" in I

names : ( "Bill" "Bob" "Sue"]

, , WRITEFILE marks .
Ext // close the filter has its

grades = (162 6044) (6 27 22] (1

, , ,
. ,
6. 81) housesou

INPUT Score

Count = 0

FOR X 0 To = 2

FOR Y =
0 To 2

If grades [][y] <: Score

Count = Count + 1

NEXT Y
NEXT X DECLARE Maths :
ARBAY[O : 2] OF INTEGER
OUTPUT "Scores >: " score ,
"is" ,
count [012 ,
0: 2]
Function
FUNCTION add (num1 : INTEGER ,
num2 : INTEGER
RETURNS INTEGER

RETURN num1 + num

ENDFUNCTION

INPUT firstNuM
INPUT secondNUM
OUTPUT "Adding numbers : add /firstNum , Second Num)
"

Procedures
PROCEDURE WelcomeMSG
OUTPUT "Hello"
ENDPROCEDURE

PROCEDURE area Circle (al (radius : INTEGER

*
OUTPUT 3 14
. radius" radius

ENDPROCEDURE

WelcomeMsy()
areaCircle (al (5)
 or
-

=
= -

I
1 .
Declaration IF
.
2 Symbel & Variables IF Marks) =
10 THEN
.
3
4 Conditional
.
Lop
Starment
path
( END
-

IF

. Function Case Of
5

.
6 Sprocedure le
of Exce => Variable
17 .
Openfile condition :
Petebration
-

-
OTHERWISE OUTPUT
1 Declaration
.

SE
DECLARE Math INTEGER :

CONSTANT English" TYPE CHECK

DECLARE Marks ARRAYI 0 31 OF INTEGER : : buse MOD/ DIV
DECLARE Mary : ARRAY EO,3 0 : 3) OF INTEGER ,
LENGE
2 Warnings
.
LENGFH) /
MOD(0 1) ,
1 .

Always in
Capital Range
DIVCO 1),
2 . (/ )( = ) (1 /x) = = = >
3 .
All variables must have meanings (X ,
X
.2 2) FUNCTION
.

.
3 Loop 4 PRINT
.
WithHext
,
While FUNCTION Variable Name (Received Variable : TYPE)
CONSTANT Count
= 0 RETURNS TYPE
<The Conditio
-
WHILE Count
mu
to (Operations]
INPUT Marks END When it is Falr RETURN Vi What

Count+ Can+ +1 EIUDFUNCTIO

END WHILE
FOR COUNT LOGG PROCEDURE
INPUT Marks- PROCEDURE Name PROCEDURE Name (Value : Type
include all
NEXT COUNT END PROCEDURE ENCS PROCEDURE
RepeatUntil
REPEAT Bubble Sort +1

Counter - Carter * 2
UNTIL Counter >9
nu
DECLARE Textin : Start
fale condition DECLARE My file :
Strin
END When it is tuve

Myth - "fil Ext" .

CHESIZI] TYPE CPEN MyFil FOR WRITE

INPUT
[Ni(X) - X =
0 WRITETIE, Text
CLOSEFILE (MyFir)
DECLARE
READFILE OPEN FOR OPEN My Fil FOR PLE
OPEN FFFCLOSE) (
Myth Ext EAd Nate TextLin
TExEhe
.

①G OUT Run
OPENFILE CLOr T
CREN My Fil Ter With
INPUT Textin
UR
 &

Pro

PROCEDURE Ap)A Integer(

:

END PROCEDURE

FUNCTION Ap)A: Inlyt

RETURNS INTEGER

RETURN
-

DECH