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Human Digestion Study Guide

The document outlines the human digestion process, detailing the roles of various organs from the mouth to the jejunum and ileum. Key enzymes involved in digestion are listed, including salivary amylase, pepsin, and pancreatic lipase, along with their specific functions. Each section highlights the mechanical and chemical processes that contribute to nutrient absorption.

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JERIEL LING HENG XU Moe
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1 views2 pages

Human Digestion Study Guide

The document outlines the human digestion process, detailing the roles of various organs from the mouth to the jejunum and ileum. Key enzymes involved in digestion are listed, including salivary amylase, pepsin, and pancreatic lipase, along with their specific functions. Each section highlights the mechanical and chemical processes that contribute to nutrient absorption.

Uploaded by

JERIEL LING HENG XU Moe
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Human Digestion Study Guide

1. Mouth
Mechanical digestion by chewing; saliva forms bolus. Salivary amylase digests starch to maltose +
dextrins.

2. Oesophagus
Peristalsis moves bolus to stomach. No enzymes secreted.

3. Stomach
HCl activates pepsinogen to pepsin. Pepsin digests proteins to polypeptides. Gastric lipase has
minor fat digestion.

4. Duodenum
Bicarbonate neutralizes acid. Bile emulsifies fats. Pancreatic enzymes digest carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Enteropeptidase activates trypsinogen to trypsin.

5. Jejunum & Ileum


Brush border enzymes complete digestion. Villi absorb nutrients.

Key Enzymes
Salivary amylase: Starch --(salivary amylase)--> Maltose + dextrins
Pepsinogen --(HCl)--> Pepsin
Protein --(Pepsin)--> Polypeptides
Trypsinogen --(Enteropeptidase)--> Trypsin
Polypeptides --(Trypsin/Chymotrypsin)--> Smaller peptides
Peptides --(Carboxypeptidase/Aminopeptidase/Dipeptidase)--> Amino acids
Triglycerides --(Pancreatic lipase)--> Monoglycerides + Fatty acids
Maltose --(Maltase)--> Glucose + Glucose
Sucrose --(Sucrase)--> Glucose + Fructose
Lactose --(Lactase)--> Glucose + Galactose
DNA/RNA --(Nuclease)--> Nucleotides
Nucleotides --(Nucleotidase)--> Nitrogenous base + Pentose sugar + Phosphate

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