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Mountain Ranges Notes GK

The document provides an overview of major mountain ranges, focusing on the Himalayas as the highest and youngest fold mountains, formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian Plates. It also details the Aravalli, Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, Vindhya, and Satpura ranges, highlighting their locations, significance, biodiversity, and key features. Additionally, it mentions important peaks and rivers associated with these ranges.

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5 views2 pages

Mountain Ranges Notes GK

The document provides an overview of major mountain ranges, focusing on the Himalayas as the highest and youngest fold mountains, formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian Plates. It also details the Aravalli, Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, Vindhya, and Satpura ranges, highlighting their locations, significance, biodiversity, and key features. Additionally, it mentions important peaks and rivers associated with these ranges.

Uploaded by

samaira.grade6
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Mountain Ranges GK Notes

The Himalayas are the highest and youngest fold mountain range in the world. They
were formed about 50 million years ago when the Indian Plate collided with the
Eurasian Plate. Even today, the Himalayas continue to rise.

Meaning: Hima = Snow, Alaya = Home (Abode of Snow).

Countries: India, Nepal, Bhutan, China (Tibet), Pakistan.


Length: about 2,400 km. Width: 200–400 km.

Highest Peaks:
• Mount Everest – Highest in the world (8,848.86 m), Nepal–China border.
• Kanchenjunga – Highest peak in India, India–Nepal border.
• Nanda Devi – Highest peak completely within India.

Major rivers: Ganga, Yamuna, Brahmaputra, Indus.

Importance:
• Blocks cold winds.
• Causes monsoon rainfall.
• Source of major rivers.
• Rich biodiversity (Snow Leopard, Red Panda, Himalayan Monal, Musk Deer).

Divisions:
1. Himadri – Highest, permanently snow covered.
2. Himachal – Hill stations (Shimla, Mussoorie, Nainital).
3. Shiwalik – Lowest, forests and wildlife.

Aravalli Range:
Location: Rajasthan, Haryana, Delhi, Gujarat.
Oldest mountain range in India and one of the oldest in the world.
Highest peak: Guru Shikhar (Mount Abu, Rajasthan).
Prevents Thar Desert spreading eastward.
Rich in marble, granite, zinc and copper.

Western Ghats:
Along west coast through Gujarat (small part), Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala,
Tamil Nadu.
UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Biodiversity hotspot.
Heavy monsoon rainfall.
Highest peak: Anamudi (Kerala).
Wildlife: Nilgiri Tahr, Lion-tailed Macaque, Asian Elephant, Tiger.

Eastern Ghats:
Along east coast through Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu.
Older than Himalayas.
Lower than Western Ghats.
Broken by rivers: Godavari, Krishna, Mahanadi, Kaveri.

Vindhya Range:
Central India (mainly Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh).
Traditional boundary between North and South India.
Narmada River flows just south of it.

Satpura Range:
South of Vindhya in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh.
Between Narmada and Tapi rivers.
Highest peak: Dhupgarh.

Important One-liners:
• Himalayas – Highest & youngest mountains.
• Aravalli – Oldest mountain range.
• Western Ghats – West coast, biodiversity, heavy rainfall.
• Eastern Ghats – East coast, broken by rivers.
• Vindhya – Traditional North/South boundary.
• Satpura – Between Narmada and Tapi.

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