PROJECT ENGINEERING 3.5.

Project Scheduling with Limited Resources (Resource Leveling and

Smoothing)
CE … 3.6. Introduction to Planning Soft ware ‐ MS Project
Lecture : 3 Year : IV
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 4. Project Implementation and Controlling. [ 7 hours]
Practical : 0 4.1. Introduction to Monitoring, Evaluation and Controlling
4.2. Project Control
Course Objective: 4.3. Project Control Cycle
• To introduce the basic knowledge on project and project environment 4.4. Elements of Project Control (time, cost and quality)
• To make the students able to prepare feasibility study report and project 4.5. Project Schedule Control
proposal. 4.6. Project Cost Control: Methods and procedure (Earned value analysis)
• To provide the sound knowledge of project planning, implementation and 4.7. Project Quality Control
controlling. 4.8. Introduction to Project Management Information System (PMIS)
• To provide knowledge on risk associated with the project 5. Project Risk Analysis and Management [7 hours]
• To provide the knowledge of project finance and 5.1. Introduction to Project Risk
• To provide the concept of modern trends and techniques of project 5.2. Types of Project Risk
management. 5.3. Analysis of Major Sources of Risk
5.4. Effective Management of Project Risk
1. Introduction of Project and Project Management [6 hours]
ƒ Risk Management planning
1.1. Definition of Project, its characteristics, and example of project.
ƒ Risk Identification
1.2. Classification of Project
ƒ Qualitative and Quantitative Risk Analysis
1.3. Project Objective and Goal
ƒ Risk Response Planning
1.4. Project Life Cycle Phases
ƒ Risk Monitoring and Controlling
1.5. Project Environment
1.6. Introduction to Project Management 6. Introduction to Project Financing [5 hours]
6.1. Project finance
2. Project Appraisal and Project Formulation [8 hours]
6.2. Capital Structure Planning
2.1. Concept of Project Appraisal
6.3. Capital Budgeting Decision
2.2. Project Proposal (technical and financial)
2.3. Procedure for Developing Project Proposal
2.4. Techniques of Project Formulation
ƒ Feasibility analysis
ƒ Cost Benefit analysis
Tutorials:
ƒ Input analysis
1. Writing project Proposal [2 hours]
ƒ Environmental analysis
2. Scheduling Using Bar chart & CPM [ 4 hours]
3. Project Planning and Scheduling [12 hours] 3. Scheduling Using Planning Software [4 hours]
3.1. Concept of Project Planning and its Importance 4. Project Control Method (EVA) [1 hour]
3.2. Project Planning Process 5. Capital Structure Planning Exercise [2 hours]
3.3. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) 6. Capital Budgeting Exercise [2 hours]
3.4. Project Scheduling with Bar Chart, CPM & PERT

Page 1 of 98
References:
1 Ishwar Adhikari and Santosh Kr. Shrestha, “A text book of Project
Engineering” 2011, Chandeshwori Publication, First Edition.
2 Dhurba [Link], “Project Management” 2001, Ratna pustak bhandar, First
Edition.
3 E.R. Yescombe, “Principles of Project Finance” 2002, Yescombe‐Consulting
Limited.
4 K. Nagarajan, “Project Management”, ISBN: 81‐224‐1340‐4, New Age
International (P) Limited, New Delhi, India, 2001.
5 Dr. Govinda Ram Agrawal, “Project Management in Nepal” Edition: 2006,
M.K. Publishers and Distributors, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Evaluation Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the Syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below.
Marks
Chapters Hours
Distribution*
1 6 10
2 8 12
3 12 24
4 7 12
5 7 12
6 5 10
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 2 of 98
 DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES 5. Design for Shear and Torsion [4 hours]
5.1 Shear stress in beams
CE …. 5.2 Behavior of concrete under shear
5.3 Behavior and design strength in Torsion
Lecture : 4 Year : IV
Tutorial : 2 Part : I 6. Design for bond and development length [2 hours]
Practical : 2 6.1 Development length
6.2 Anchorage bond
Course Objective: 6.3 Flexural bond
The purpose of this course is to provide the students knowledge and skill for
7. Reinforcement detailing: Codal Provisions [4 hours]
design of different elements of a building structure using reinforced concrete.
7.1 Requirements for good detailing
The course focuses on Limit State Methods of Design and the students will
7.2 Nominal cover
learn to use output of Structural Analysis to design different elements
7.3 Curtailment of Flexural Reinforcement
according to the codal provisions and detailing of the reinforcement. The
7.4 Shear reinforcement
course also includes key features of Seismic Building Code and provisions of
7.5 Splicing of reinforcement
ductile detailing in reinforced concrete structures.
7.6 Anchorage
1. Concrete Structures and Design Methods [3 hours] 7.7 Bar bending schedule
1.1 Introduction to Reinforced Concrete Structures
8. Limit States of Serviceability: Deflection and Cracking [6 hours]
1.2 Design methods of Reinforced Concrete Structures
8.1 Elastic theory: Cracked, uncracked and partially cracked sections
1.3 Characteristic strengths and loads
8.2 Short‐term and long‐term deflections
1.4 Design process and basis for design
8.3 Control of deflection in design
2. Working Stress Method of Design [4 hours] 8.4 Control of cracking in design
2.1 Basic assumption in working stress design
9. Design of slabs and staircase [6 hours]
2.2 Working load and permissible stresses in concrete and steel
9.1 Design of one‐way and two‐way slabs
2.3 Behavior of beam under loading
9.2 Detailing of one‐way and two‐way slabs
2.4 Types of reinforced concrete beam and different RC sections
9.3 Design and detailing of longitudinally loaded stairs
2.5 Design of singly reinforced rectangular beam
10. Design of compression members: Columns [8 hours]
3. Limit State Method of design [5 hours]
10.1 Effective length of columns
3.1 Safety and serviceability requirements and different limit states of
10.2 Design of short columns
structure
10.3 Design of long columns
3.2 Design strength of materials and design loads
10.4 Reinforcement detailing
3.3 Idealized stress‐strain diagram of concrete and steel
3.4 Limit state of collapse in flexure, shear, torsion and compression 11. Design of Footings [6 hours]
3.5 Limit state of serviceability in deflection and in cracking 11.1 Design of spread footing
11.2 Design of isolated footings
4. Design of beams: Behavior in Flexure [6 hours]
11.3 Design of combined footings
4.1 Flexural behavior of reinforced concrete
11.4 Design of mat foundation
4.2 Design of Rectangular beams
4.3 Design of flanged beam sections

Page 3 of 98
12. Introduction to Earthquake Resistant Design and Provisions for Ductile Evaluation scheme:
Detailing [6 hours] The questions will cover all the chapters in the Syllabus. The evaluation scheme
12.1 Damage to RCC structures in earthquake will be as indicated in the table below.
12.2 Philosophy of design of structures in earthquake prone region
Marks
12.3 Design for strength and ductility Chapters Hours
distribution*
12.4 Provision of ductility in building codes
1 3 4
12.5 Ductility requirement for beam, column and joints
2 4 4
3 5 6
Tutorials 4 6 12
1. Design and detailing of rectangular and flanged beams 5/6/7 10 12
1.1. Flexure [4 hours] 8 6 6
1.2. Shear/ Tortion [4 hours] 9 6 12
1.3. Bending [2 hours] 10 8 12
1.4. Serviceability [4 hours] 11 6 6
2. Design and detailing of slabs and staircase [4 hours] 12 6 6
3. Design and detailing of columns [4 hours] Total 60 80
4. Design and detailing of footings [4 hours]
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.
5. Ductile Detailing [4 hours]

Project work
Individual project to and design elements of a low rise building

Practical:
1. Test a beam in pure bending failure
2. Test a beam in pure shear failure
3. Test a beam in combined bending shear failure
4. Practical work on making skeleton of beam‐column connection
5. Practical work on making skeleton of beam‐slab

References:
1. Jain, A.K. 2002. Reinforced Concrete Limit State Design, Nem Chand and
Bros, Roorkee, India (Reprint 2009)
2. Pillai, S.U., Menon, D. 2011. Reinforced Concrete Design, Tata McGraw Hill
Education Private Limited, New Delhi
3. Kong, F.K., Evans, R.H. 1987. Reinforced and Pre‐stressed Concrete, ELBS,
London
4. Agrawal, P., Shrikhande, M. 2006. Earthquake Resistant Design of
Structures, PHI Learning Private Limited, New Delhi (Reprint 2008)
5. Dayaratnam, P. Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Oxford and IBH
Publishing Company

Page 4 of 98
 TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING II 1.5.4. Design of the Lighting System: Selection of Height of Lamps,
Spacing between Light Poles, Height and Overhang of Light
CE … Poles, Lateral Placement and Lighting Layouts

Lecture : 3 Year : IV 2. Highway Pavement [10 hours]

Tutorial : 1 Part : I 2.1. Definition and Types of Pavements
Practical : 1 2.2. Differences between Flexible and Rigid Pavement Structure
2.3. Loads and Other Factors Controlling Pavement Design
Course Objective: 2.4. Design Methods for Flexible Pavements‐ Rode notes 29, 31, CBR,
After the completion of the course, students will be able to design, construct, AASTHO.
supervise, repair and maintain the roads. They will be familiar with the traffic 2.5. Details of Asphalt Institute Method of Design of Flexible Pavements
design, control and operation. The course provides the glimpses on the bridge 2.6. Design Methods for Rigid Pavements and Westerguard’s Theory
and tunnel as well. 2.7. Stress due to Load, Temperature Differential and Sub‐grade Friction
2.8. Details of the IRC Method of Design of Rigid Pavements for Highways
1. Traffic Engineering [16 hours]
1.1. Introduction and Scope of Traffic Engineering 3. Road Construction Technology [8 hours]
1.1.1. Definition of Traffic Engineering 3.1. Activities and Techniques Used in Road Construction
1.1.2. Scope of Traffic Engineering 3.2. Tools, Equipment and Plants Used in Road Construction
1.1.3. Traffic Characteristics 3.3. Execution of Earth Work
1.2. Traffic Studies 3.4. Construction of Low Cost Roads
1.2.1. Traffic Volume Studies 3.5. Construction of Prime Coat, Tack Coat and Seal Coat
1.2.2. Speed Studies 3.6. Construction of Surface Dressing
1.2.3. Origin and Destination Studies 3.7. Construction of otta‐seal.
1.2.4. Traffic Flow Characteristics 3.8. Construction of Grouted or Penetration Macadam
1.2.5. Traffic Capacity Studies 3.9. Construction of Different types of Bituminous Premixes
1.2.6. Parking Studies 3.10. Construction of Cement Concrete Pavements
1.2.7. Accident Studies
4. Highway Maintenance, Repair, and Rehabilitation [6 hours]
1.3. Traffic Control Devices
4.1. Classification of Maintenance Activities for Road Pavements and Road
1.3.1. Traffic Signs
Facilities
1.3.2. Traffic Signals
4.2. Inspection, Prioritization and Planning of Maintenance Operations
1.3.3. Road Markings
4.3. Evaluation of Pavement Distress and Pavement Condition
1.3.4. Traffic Island
4.4. Types of Road Failure and its causes
1.4. Road Intersections
4.5. Types and Methods of Pavement Repairs
1.4.1. Basic Requirements of Intersection
4.6. Types of Overlays and Strengthening of Existing Pavements
1.4.2. Types of Intersections and their Configuration
1.4.3. Channelized and Unchannelized Intersections 5. Introduction to Bridge and Tunnel Engineering [5 hours]
1.4.4. Rotary Intersection 5.1. Choice of Bridge Location Site
1.4.5. Grade Separated Intersections 5.2. Classification of Bridges and Component Parts of a Bridge
1.5. Road Lighting 5.3. Introduction to River Bank and Protection Structure
1.5.1. Importance of Road Lighting 5.4. Types of Road and Railway Tunnels
1.5.2. Factors Influencing Night Visibility 5.5. Component Parts of Tunnel and Tunnel Cross‐Section
1.5.3. Requirements of Level of Illumination in Roads 5.6. Survey for Tunnel Alignment

Page 5 of 98
 5.7. Drainage, Lighting and Ventilation Requirements for Tunnel
5.8. Introduction of Tunneling in Firm Soil, Soft Soil and Rock
5.9. Tunnel Lining

Tutorials:
Class room exercise on traffic volume, capacity and characteristics studies,
assignment on road intersection and lighting system with report preparation.
Exercise on road pavement design

Practicals:
1. Determination of CBR Value
2. Measurement of Spot Speed and Data Analysis
3. Measurement of Deflection of Pavement Surface

References:
1. “A Text‐book on Highway Engineering and Airports”, [Link] and K.I.
Bhanot, S. Chand and Co. Publishers Ltd., New Delhi
2. “Principles, Practice and Design of Highway Engineering”, S.K. Sharma, S.
Chand and Co. Publishers Ltd., New Delhi
3. “Highway Engineering” Dr. S.K. Khanna and Dr. [Link], Nem Chand &
Bros Roorkee (U.P.)
4. “Highway Engineering” C.A. Flaherty, Edward Arnold (Publishers ) Ltd.
5. “Course Manual on Transportation Engineering” P.M. Parajuli, Department
of Civil Engineering, Pulchowk Campus

Evaluation Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the Syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below.
Chapter Hours Mark distribution*
1 16 28
2 8 16
3 10 20
4 6 8
5 5 8
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 6 of 98
 HYDROPOWER ENGINEERING 4. Headworks of Storage Plants [18 hours]
4.1. General Arrangement of components in a typical storage power plant:
CE … Spillways, bottom outlets or undersluices, intakes with examples.
Lecture : 4 Year : IV 4.2. Dam Engineering
Tutorial : 2 Part : I 4.2.1. Classification based on materials, function and head
Practical : 1 4.2.2. Principal variants of concrete and embankment dams
4.2.3. Dam site evaluation and selection of type of dam
Course Objectives: 4.2.4. Loads on dams and their combinations
The objective of this course is to make student acquainted with the 4.2.5. Failure modes of concrete and embankment dams and their
hydropower development issues starting from the inception stage to the final remedies
design stage. After completion of this course, the students will be able to 4.2.6. Gravity (concrete) dam analysis, stability (overturning, sliding),
design independently various components of hydropower system with proper stress and material failure
use of hydraulics. The course will also cover the hydro‐mechanical equipments 4.2.7. 4.2.7 Seepage Control and foundation treatment in Dams :
and electro‐mechanical installations. Types of grouting and drainage and their necessity,
4.2.8. 4.2.8 Embankment Dam Analysis‐phreatic line and seepage
1. Introduction [4 hours] analysis.
1.1. Historical Background of Power development in Nepal 4.3. Intakes
1.2. Power Potential in Nepal and World, Gross, technical and economic General arrangement of Intakes for storage plants, Location,
potentials Hydraulics of intake
1.3. Hydropower Development Policy of Nepal 4.4. Spillways and Energy Dissipaters
2. Planning of Hydropower Projects [6 hours] 4.4.1. Purpose of spillways, general arrangement, types, and
2.1. Types of Hydropower plants based on head, storage capacity and hydraulics (sizing) of spillways, Cavitation in spillways,
layout preventive measures
2.2. Stages of hydropower development: Reconnaissance, Pre‐feasibility, 4.4.2. Methods of dissipating energy below a dam, stilling basin, ski‐
Feasibility studies and detailed Engineering design jump and flip buckets, their suitability, hydraulics of stilling
2.3. Layout of run‐of‐river and storage hydropower Projects, Components basin, the role of tail‐water in energy dissipation
of Run‐of River, Peaking Run‐of River and Storage type projects. 4.5. Types of gates and their location.

3. Power and Energy Potential study [6 hours] 5. Headworks of Run‐of‐ River (RoR) Plants [10 hours]
3.1. Processing of hydrological data, Use of extreme and long term 5.1. General Arrangement of components of a typical RoR plant: Spillways,
hydrological data, mass and elevation volume curves, flow duration undersluices, intakes with examples
curves 5.2. General requirements of a functional RoR headworks
3.2. Gross and net head and estimation 5.3. Intakes of RoR headworks: Location, Non pressure and pressurized
3.3. Reservoirs and their regulation, need for flow regulation, Source of intakes, General arrangement of intake, Control of bed load and
sediment, sediment yield in Rivers, sediment handing in reservoirs, floating debris in RoR intakes
life of the reservoirs 5.4. Sediment Handling measures: Methods of bed load and suspended
3.4. Methods of fixing installed capacity of a hydropower plant load handling in RoR headworks, Design of settling basin (Particle and
3.5. Estimation of Power and energy potential concentration approach), Estimation of sediment volume in Settling
3.6. Mean and peak load, load curve, load factor, utilization and diversity basin, Flushing of deposited sediment, estimation of frequency of
factors flushing

Page 7 of 98
6. Water Conveyance Structures [8 hours] ƒ Hydraulic Design of Spillways and stilling basin with neat sketch
6.1. Hydraulic Tunnels, Geometrical shapes, hydraulic design (velocities,
sizing), tunneling method, supports in tunnels, lining of tunnels 4. Chapter5: 4 hours
6.2. Forebay and Surge Tanks: importance, general arrangement, ƒ Preparation of general arrangement of a headworks of a RoR Project
condition of their application, hydraulic design ƒ Design of intake of a hydropower plant with neat sketch
6.3. Penstocks and Pressure shaft: importance, conditions of their ƒ Design of settling basin of a hydropower plant with neat sketch
application, general arrangement, hydraulic transients (water
hammer), Computation of hydrodynamic pressure, sizing of penstock 5. Chapter 6: 6 hours
/pressure shaft and estimation of thickness of steel in ƒ Hydraulic Design of Forebay and preparation of plan and longitudinal
penstock/pressure shaft sections
ƒ Hydraulic Design of Surge Tank and preparation of plan and vertical
7. Hydro‐electric Machines [6 hours] sections
7.1. Hydro‐mechanical Equipment ƒ Estimation of hydrodynamic pressure and steel thickness of penstock
7.1.1. Hydro‐mechanical installation in powerhouse
7.1.2. Type of turbines, Pelton, Francis, Kaplan and Bulb turbines 6. Chapter 7: 4 hours
and their performance characteristics ƒ Selection of turbines based on head and discharge characteristics
7.1.3. Selection of turbines and their specific speed, Turbine setting ƒ Preliminary dimensioning of turbines and accessories, spiral case, draft
7.1.4. Preliminary design of francis and pelton turbines tubes and preparation of neat sketch
7.1.5. Scroll case and draft tubes, their importance,
7.2. Electro‐mechanical installation 7. Chapter 8: 2 hours
7.2.1. Generators and their types, Rating of generators ƒ Computation of power house dimension based on hydro‐mechanical
7.2.2. Purpose and working principle of Governors equipment designed in Ch. 7,
7.3. Pumps ƒ Arrangement of equipment and accessories with neat sketch (plan and
7.3.1. Introduction to Centrifugal and reciprocating pumps, their section)
performance characteristics
Practical:
8. Powerhouse [2 hours]
1. Performance characteristics of a Pelton Turbine
Powerhouse types, general arrangement, dimension of powerhouse
2. Performance characteristics of a Francis Turbine
3. Working principle of centrifugal pump and its characteristics
Tutorials:
4. Working principle of reciprocating pump and its characteristics
1. Chapter 2: 3 hours
Preparation of alternative layouts of ROR plant on a given topographical
map and assessing the most favorable one.
Excursion:
2. Chapter 3: 3 hours
One day observation trip to a hydropower plant in the vicinity followed by a
For the given plan and Profile (ACAD drawing or a hard copy drawing),
brief report.
estimation of power and energy based on the given flow and topographical
data
3. Chapter4: 8 hours
ƒ Gravity dam analysis
ƒ Stability analysis of Earth dams
ƒ Seepage Analysis in Earthen dams
ƒ Design of intake of a storage hydropower plant with neat sketch

Page 8 of 98
References:
1. Water Power Engineering, Dandekar and Sharma, Vikas Publishin house,
New Delhi
2. Hydraulic Structures, Novak, P. et al., Taylor and Francis, London
3. Water Power Development, Volume 1: Low‐head Hydropower Plants,
Mosonyi, E., Academia Kiado, Budapest
4. Water Power Development, Volume 2: High‐head Hydropower Plants,
Mosonyi, E., Academia Kiado, Budapest
5. Hydropower Engineering, Warnick CC et al., Prentice Hall, Inc, Englewood
Cliffs, NJ
6. Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulic Structures, Garg ,SK, Khanna
Publishers, New Delhi
7. Hydropower Development‐ Series (17 Volumes), Vol. 8, 9, 10, 12,13, 14,
Norwegian Universty of Science and
8. Technology (NTNU), Norway
9. Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulic Structures, Garg ,SK, Khanna
Publishers, New Delhi

Evaluation Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the Syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below.
Marks
Chapters Hours
Distributions*
1 and 2 4,6 10
3 6 12
4 18 24
5 10 12
6 8 12
7 and 8 6,2 10
Total 60 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 9 of 98
 ESTIMATING AND COSTING 4.3. Importance of Rate Analysis
4.4. Requirement of Rate Analysis
CE … 4.5. Factors Affecting the Rate Analysis
Lecture : 3 Year : IV 4.6. Method of Preparing Rate Analysis for
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 4.6.1. building works
Practical : 0 4.6.2. road works
4.6.3. sanitary and water supply works
Course objective: 4.6.4. irrigation works
The objective of this course is to give the students basic knowledge of
estimating and costing of civil engineering works. After completing this course 5. Project Estimate [5 hours]
the students will also be able to analyze the rates and estimate the cost of 5.1. Estimate for a Project
various construction works. 5.2. Report on Estimate
5.3. Estimate for Building Project
1. Introduction [3 hours] 5.4. Estimate for Road Project
1.1. Definition 5.5. Estimate for Irrigation Project
1.2. Estimated Cost and Actual Cost 5.6. Estimate for Small Sewerage Project
1.3. Purpose of Estimating 5.7. Estimate for Water Supply Project
1.4. Principle of Units and Measurement
1.5. Units of Measurement and Payment for Various Items of Works and 6. Detailed Estimate [20 hours]
6.1. Detailed Estimate for a Single Room Load Bearing Frame Structured
Materials
Building
1.6. Data Required for Estimating
6.2. Detailed Estimate of a Two Roomed Load Bearing and Framed
2. Method of Estimating [5 hours] Structured Building
2.1. Method of Measurements of Building and Civil Engineering Works 6.3. Estimate of Earth Work in Road Construction in Plain Area
2.2. Subheads of Various Items of Works 6.4. Estimate of Earth Work in Road Construction in Hilly Area
2.3. Various Methods of Taking Out Quantities 6.5. Estimate of Earth Work in Canals
2.4. Abstracting Bill of Quantities 6.6. Estimate for the Construction of Highway for One km Length
2.5. Preparation of Detailed Estimate: Cost of Items, Contingencies Work 6.7. Estimate for Slab Culverts
charged Establishment 6.8. Estimate of a Well Foundation
3. Types of Estimate [3 hours] 6.9. Estimate of a Pier
3.1. Approximate Estimates 6.10. Estimate for T‐Beam Decking
3.2. Detailed Estimate 6.11. Estimate for Septic Tank and Soak Pit
3.3. Revised Estimate 6.12. Estimate of an Underground R.C.C. Water Tank
3.4. Supplementary Estimate
3.5. Annual Repair and Maintenance Estimate
3.6. Extension and Improvement Estimate Tutorial: (15 hours)
3.7. Complete Estimate 1. A Double Storied Residential Building
3.8. Split Up of Cost of Building and Road WorksWater Supply and 2. A Portion of Road Way
Sanitary Works. 3. A Portion of Canal with Lining
4. Application of Program to Estimate the Quantities of Materials
4. Analysis of Rates (9 hours) 5. Application of Program to Calculate the Volume of Earth Work for a
4.1. Introduction Roadway
4.2. Purpose of Rate Analysis 6. A Residential Toilet

Page 10 of 98
References:
1. Estimating, Costing, Specification and Valuation by M. Chakraborti
2. Text book of Estimating and Costing (Civil Engineering) by G.S. Berdie
3. Estimating and Costing by A.K. Upadhyaya.
4. Estimating and Project Management for small construction firms by
Seymour Berger and Jules B. Godel

Evaluation Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the Syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below.
Chapter Hours Mark Distribution*
1 3 5
2 5 10
3 3 5
4 9 20
5 5 5
6 20 35
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 11 of 98
 PROJECT WORK – I 2.7. Data collection and compilation
3. Experimental type project
CE … 3.1. Background
3.2. Need of the research
Lecture : 0 Year : IV 3.3. Objectives and scope of the work
Tutorial : 0 Part : I 3.4. Literature Review
Practical : 3 3.5. Experimental setup
3.6. Methodology
Course Objective: 3.7. Data collection and compilation
The objective of the project work is to equip the students with skills required to
synthesize comprehensively the knowledge gained during course works for a In the initial phase the faculty may conduct a number of lectures and
practical application of civil engineering discipline in real life. Under the discussions as to the approach of the project. In the later phase, the student
supervision and guidance of member/members of faculty each student is will be left on his own to pursue his work and to consult the faculty whenever
required to carry out an individual or group project which provides any problem crops up. He/She should then submit a draft report prior to the
opportunities for tackling problem to civil Engineering and is required to submit final report so that the supervisor can correct the mistakes. The final report
a project report. should be submitted to the Department Head in duplicate.

The choice of project will depend upon the interests of students, faculty and
the facilities available in the campus.
A project may involve:
1. Preparation of a design for an extensive Civil Engineering project
2. Preparation of a Dissertation involving a literature survey and a correlation
of existing knowledge
3. An experimental investigation

The project work is divided into two parts, viz Project –I and Project –II. In
Project‐I students are required to complete following works for above
mentioned categories of project works:
1. Design type project
1.1. Background
1.2. Project Description
1.3. Study Area
1.4. Literature Review/Guidelines etc.
1.5. Methodology
1.6. Field data collection and plotting
2. Dissertation type project
2.1. Background
2.2. Need of the research
2.3. Objectives and scope of the work
2.4. Literature Review
2.5. Study area
2.6. Methodology

Page 12 of 98
Elective I

Page 13 of 98
 BIO‐ENGINEERING 3.2. Vegetation and plant community
3.3. Basic requirements of plants
CE … 3.4. Plant propagation
Lecture : 3 Year : IV
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 4. Role of vegetation (6 hours)
Practical : 1.5 4.1. Hydrological effects
4.2. Hydraulic effects
Course Objectives: 4.3. Mechanical effects
The course is aimed at providing the alternative approach to the slope 4.4. Soil strength and stability analysis
stabilization techniques using living vegetation. After the completion of the
5. Plant species selection (4 hours)
course, the students will be able to analyze the slope stability based on various
5.1. Distributions of plants in Nepal
parameters and use soil bioengineering techniques for the purpose of erosion
5.2. Criteria for species selection
control and stabilization of the shallow seated instability. They will also gain the
5.3. Selection of plant types depending upon the Drought factor
knowledge of appropriate technology and its significance in the development
of rural infrastructures in Nepal, in the field of hill roads. 6. Vegetative stabilization techniques (6 hours)
6.1. Vegetative engineering systems
1. Introduction to bioengineering (4 hours)
6.2. Design of vegetative techniques
1.1. Glimpses of landslides and scenario of soil erosion in Nepal
1.2. Identification of problems on slopes 7. Small scale civil engineering systems (4 hours)
1.3. Engineering functions to be performed 7.1. Engineering systems
1.4. Materials to be used for slope protection and stabilization works 7.2. Selections of engineering systems
1.5. Use of vegetation as a slope stabilizing material 7.3. Interactions between vegetative and civil engineering systems
1.6. Definition of Soil Bio‐engineering
1.7. Justification of Bioengineering 8. Optimal technique (2 hours)
1.8. Field of application and scope 8.1. Site categorization
1.9. Advantages and limitations 8.2. Selection of optimal technique

2. Site investigation (10 hours) 9. Nursery (4 hours)

2.1. Analysis of slope stability based on the mineral types 9.1. Nursery establishment
2.2. Analysis of the slope stability based on the orientation of fracture and 9.2. Nursery technique
joints
2.3. Analysis of the slope stability based on weathering grade of rock 10. Management (1 hour)
2.4. Analysis of the slope stability based on the rock types 10.1. Importance of seasonal programming
2.5. Types of slope materials and its relationship with slope failure
2.6. Introduction to mass movements and its classification
2.7. Introduction to landslides Tutorial:
2.8. Causes and mechanism of slope failure Detail Analysis of slope stability
2.9. Landslide mapping
2.10. Assessment of seriousness
2.11. Priorities of repair

3. Basic aspect of vegetation (4 hours)

3.1. Plant types, plant form and structures

Page 14 of 98
Practical: Evaluation Scheme:
1. Landslide mapping in the field. The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
1.1. Map the site. will be as indicated in the table below:
1.2. Find out the causes and mechanism of failure.
Marks
1.3. Prepare the proposal for the treatment. Chapter Hour
Distribution*
2. Examination of bioengineering systems in the field.
1 4 8
2.1. Map the site of bioengineering implementation.
2.2. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the site. 2 10 16
2.3. Suggest the further improvements. 3 4 8
3. Examination of civil engineering systems in the field. 4 6 8
3.1. Map the site of civil engineering systems. 5 4 8
3.2. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the site. 6 6 8
3.3. Suggest the further improvements. 7 4 8
4. Interaction between civil and bioengineering systems. 8 2 4
4.1. Evaluation of compatibility of civil and bioengineering systems. 9 4 8
10 1 4
Not: 15 hours in the field and 7.5 hours report presentation Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.
References:
1. Biotechnical and soil bioengineering slope stabilization a practical guide
for erosion control ‐Donald H. Gray, Robin B. Sotir
2. Use of vegetation in civil engineering – [Link], [Link].
3. Soil erosion and conservation ‐ [Link]
4. Roadside bioengineering: site handbook : Reference manual
5. Slope stabilization and erosion control: A bioengineering Approach ‐
[Link], R.J. Rickson

Page 15 of 98
 ROCK ENGINEERING 5.4. Construction phase investigations
5.5. The Engineering Geological Report
CE …
Lecture : 3 Year : IV 6. Rock Mass Classification (6 hours)
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 6.1. Introduction
Practical : 1.5 6.2. Quality rating and support estimation
6.2.1. The RMR system
Course Objectives: 6.2.2. The Q‐system
The objective of the course is to equip with skills & tools required for analysis 6.2.3. The RMi‐support method
and design of underground opening and related structures applicable to 6.3. Comments on classification systems for rock support estimates
Hydropower development.
7. Design Approach of Underground Opening (4 hours)
1. Background (1 hour) 7.1. Introduction
1.1. The role of rock engineering in hydropower development 7.2. Shallow seated and deep‐seated opening
1.2. Main elements of hydropower plants 7.3. Design procedures
7.4. General Recommendations
2. Properties of Rocks and Rock Masses (4 hours)
2.1. Introduction 8. Support and Lining (2 hours)
2.2. Physical properties of rocks 8.1. Introduction
2.3. Strength of rocks 8.2. Support methods and principles
2.4. Jointing of the rock mass 8.3. Evaluation of support requirements
2.5. Shear strength of joints
9. Stability of Rock Slopes (10 hours)
2.6. Weakness zones and faults
9.1. Classification of stability problems
3. Rock Stresses (6 hours) 9.2. Factors affecting the stability
3.1. Introduction 9.3. Stability analysis
3.2. Origin of rock stress 9.4. Consequences of erroneous input data
3.3. Stresses surrounding underground opening
10. Improved and cost ‐saving solutions (2 hours)
3.4. Stability problem due to stress
10.1. Introduction
3.5. Rock stress measurements
10.2. Underground high‐Pressure Tunnels and Shafts

4. Groundwater in Rock Masses (4 hours)

4.1. Introduction Tutorials:
4.2. Permeability and hydraulic conductivity 1. Stresses surrounding underground opening
4.3. Estimation of water leakages 2. Estimation of water leakages in rock mass
4.4. Field measurements 3. ‐Presentation of geological data (Joint rosette, Mode of failures)
4.5. Problems caused by water 4. Estimation of the rock support for underground structures
5. Engineering Geological Investigation for Underground Structures (6hours) Field Visit: (2 days)
5.1. Introduction Field Visit to hydropower project in the vicinity. Field report and group
5.2. Investigation stages presentation is required
5.3. Pre‐construction phase investigations

Page 16 of 98
References:
1. Nilsen, B. and Thidemann, A. 1993. Rock Engineering. Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 156p.
2. Nilsen, B. and Palmstrom, A. 2000. Engineering Geology and Rock
Engineering, Norwegian Group of Rock Mechanics (NBG), Norway, 249p.
3. Hoek, E. and Bray, J. W. 1981. Rock Slope Engineering. Institute of Mining
and Metallurgy, London, 358p

Evaluation scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below:
Marks
Chapter Hours
Distributions*
1 1 0
2 4 8
3 6 12
4 4 8
5 6 12
6 6 12
7 4 12
8 2 4
9 10 8
10 2 4
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 17 of 98
 EARTH HAZARD 5. Earth mass movement hazards [10 hours]
Definition of landslide, mass movement, and mass wasting, Parts of the
CE … mass movement, Varnes' classification of mass movements, Description of
main landslide types, Landslide Hazard Analysis,‐ Ground investigation,
Lecture : 3 Year : IV sampling, laboratory testing techniques, Application of bio‐engineering in
Tutorial : 1 Part : II slope stabilization
Practical : 1.5
6. Techniques and application of hazard mapping in the field [12 hours]
Criteria for indentification of Earth Hazards in the field, Indentification of
Course Objectives:
hazard features, Direct and Indirect Mapping, Use of remote sensing
The main objective of the course is to provide knowledge on various types of
(Aerial photographs and Satellite imageries) and Geographic Information
Earth Hazard and their process and assessment in order to be capable of
System tools in hazard mapping, Application of hazard maps in planning
appreciating their effects on infrastructures when the students design
and designing of engineering infrastructures.
engineering structures. At the end of the course the students will be able to
• Differentiate the types of Earth Hazard
• State geological processes of various types of Earth Hazards
Tutorial:
• Analyse the Causes, Mechanism and effect of earth hazards Detail analysis of Landslide hazard
• Classify and prepare hazard maps for different types of Earth Hazards

1. Introduction to Earth Hazards [4 hours]

Concepts on Danger, Hazard, Risk and Disaster : Methods Assessment, Practical:
Implications in engineering structure designs., Geomorphological 1. Landslide mapping in the field:
subdivision of the Himalayas, and their specific hazards, Indrocuction to 1.1. Map the site.
factors controlling earth hazards : geological, hydrological, land use and 1.2. Find out the causes and mechanism of failure.
groundwater 1.3. Prepare the proposal for the treatment.

2. Geological Factors Controlling Natural Hazards [8 hours] 2. Identification of Earth Hazard in the field.
Geological structures : Classification and nomenclature of folds, fractures, 2.1. Identification of features
joints and faults; fault zone topography, Basics of rock and soil mechanics, 2.2. Direct mapping
Strength of rock and rock masses. Structure and failure mechanics in rocks 2.3. Interpretation of Hazard Maps

3. Glacial and flood Hazards [7 hours] Note: 15 hours in the field and 7.5 hours report presentation
Flow regime, Sediment erosion, transportation and deposition; glacial
landforms, Glacial lakes and Glacial Lake Outbrust Floods, Flood and debris
flow, Definitions, Sedimentation, flood routing and assessment and Reference:
predictions of flood damages. 1. Deoja B., Dhital M. , and Thapa B. (1990) Mountain Risk Engineering
Handbook, Vol 1 and 2. ICIMOD, Kathmandu, Nepal 875pp.
4. Earthquakes [4 hours]
2. YBDRO (1990) : Mitigating Natural Disaster: Phenomira Effect and Options,
Defination, nature and motion, intensity and magnitude, intensity scale,
a Manual for Policy Makers and Plannrs, United Nations. New York, 164PP.
Causes and distribution in the Himalayan reason, Earthquake intensity
3. Terzaghi, k. peck, R.B. (1967): Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice,
distribution maps, Introduction to seismic hazards assessments
Second Edition. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 729pp.
4. Linsley, Kohler Penehus, Hydrology for Engineers. Mc. Graw‐Hill.

Page 18 of 98
5. Department of Roads (1996) Bioengineering for Road Engineer's Training
Module Vol 1 and 2. DOR/HMG Nepal, 1227pp.
6. Brunsden Prior (Editors) 1984 Slope Instability

Examination Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below:
Marks
Chapter Hours
Distributions+
1 4 8
2 8 12
3 7 12
4 4 8
5 10 20
6 12 20
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 19 of 98
 STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS 3.3. Modeling of MDOF system structures
3.4. Concept of generalized coordinate
CE … 3.5. Lagrange’s equations of motion
Lecture : 3 Year : IV 3.6. Free vibration analysis of undamped MDOF system
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 3.7. Natural vibration frequencies and mode shapes
Practical : 1.5 3.8. Modal expansion
3.9. Free vibration response of MDOF systems
Course Objectives: 3.10. Normal coordinates and Normal Mode Theory
To understand the fundamental concepts of structural dynamics, and the 3.11. Uncoupled Equations of motion
dynamic behavior of structures along with the underlying principles, necessary 3.12. Mode superposition method
to deal with the dynamic problems of structures. 3.13. Dynamic Analysis of Linear MDOF Systems
3.14. Modal response analysis of undamped and damped systems
1. Introduction: [4 hours] 3.15. Element forces
1.1. Time dependent problems. 3.16. Modal contribution factors.
1.2. Types of dynamic loading. 3.17. Forced vibration response of MDOF system
1.3. Degrees of freedom 3.18. Practical methods to determine natural frequencies and mode
1.4. Simple Harmonic Motion shapes(Rayleigh's method, Stodola’s method, Holzer’s method)
1.5. Structural vibration
1.6. Damping 4. Linear Dynamic Analysis for MDOF System [7 hours]
1.7. Types of vibration 4.1. Time domain analysis for general dynamic loading
1.8. Response of structures to vibration 4.2. Frequency domain analysis for general dynamic loading
4.3. Frequency domain analysis for support motion
2. Single Degree Of Freedom (SDOF) System [12 hours]
2.1. Equations of Motion and Natural Frequency 5. Continuous Systems [8 hours]
2.2. Modeling of SDOF structures 5.1. Partial differential equations of motion (for string, bar, beam)
2.3. Undamped free vibration response 5.2. Transverse vibration of a string
2.4. Critically ‐ damped, under ‐ damped and over ‐ damped systems 5.3. Transverse vibration of a beam
2.5. Damped free vibration response 5.4. Axial vibration of a bar
2.6. Logarithmic decrement 5.5. Approximate methods to determine natural frequencies and mode
2.7. Forced Harmonic Response shapes in cases where orthogonality conditions are not satisfied
2.8. Vibration Isolation and Force transmissibility
2.9. Vibration Measuring Instruments Tutorials/Practical:
2.10. Energy Dissipated by Damping 1. Each of the students shall work on a number of individual assignments
2.11. Forced vibration response to periodic forces with problems following
2.12. Forced vibration response to impulsive forces 2. the progress of the lectures. The assignments will be generally related with
2.13. Forced vibration response to general dynamic loading the application of
2.14. Convolution Integral and Duhamel Integral 3. software packages, such as, Matlab, Mathematica and SAP 2000. All the
2.15. Time domain analysis assignments shall be
2.16. Frequency domain analysis 4. submitted within the prescribed time, and will be evaluated as the
practical work.
3. Multi Degree Of Freedom (MDOF) System [14 hours]
3.1. Simple MDOF systems
3.2. Reduction of DOF’s and static condensation

Page 20 of 98
References:
1. Clough R. W., Penzien J, Dynamics of Structures, 2nd edition: McGraw Hill
1993.
2. Chopra A. K., Dynamics of Structures : Theory and Applications to
Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, 2007.
3. Paz, M., and Leigh, W., Dynamics of Structures– Theory and Computation,
5th Kluwer Academic Publishers,[Link],
4. Thompson, W. T., Theory of Vibration with Applications, Prentice‐Hall,
Fourth Edition, 1993.

Evaluation Scheme:
The questions shall cover contents of all the chapters of the syllabus as far as
practicable, and the tentative marks distribution will be as follows:
Marks
Chapters Hours
Distribution*
1 4 4
2 12 24
3 14 28
4 7 12
5 8 12
Total 45 80 Marks
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 21 of 98
 SEISMIC RESISTANT DESIGN OF MASONRY STRUCTURES 4.4. Design for shear
4.5. Seismic design of masonry shear walls
CE …
5. Reinforced masonry (10 hours)
Lecture : 3 Year : IV 5.1. Introduction to reinforced masonry
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 5.1.1. Flexural strength
Practical 1.5 5.1.2. Shear strength of reinforced masonry
5.1.3. Reinforced masonry columns and beams
Course Objectives:
6. Repair and strengthening techniques for damaged masonry buildings
After completion of the course, the students should be able
after earthquakes (6 hours)
• To comprehend the fundamental principles of masonry behavior during
earthquake
• To understand the mechanics of masonry elements subjected to various
Tutorial
load effects including bending, shear, and axial forces.
1. Design of walls for gravity load (Review)
• To discuss the code principles of masonry structures and apply them in
2. Calculation of lateral load from Code
design of masonry structures
3. Design of wall
• To design safe and efficient masonry structures from seismic viewpoint 4. Design of reinforced masonry wall (Flexure and Shear)
1. Fundamentals of Earthquake Engineering (8 hours)
1.1. Origin of earthquake
1.2. Nature of earthquake force Practical / Project Work
1.3. Earthquake force parameters Design a 2‐3 storey masonry building considering seismic load.
1.4. Earthquake as lateral force in building (The students should carry out survey of masonry building and select one of the
1.5. Time history, frequency spectra and response spectra of earthquake buildings for design. Each student shall submit design for unique building)
force

2. Introduction to masonry and non‐engineered construction (4 hours) References:

2.1. Nature of masonry structures 1. T. Paulay, M. J. N. Priestley. Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and
2.2. Mechanical and physical properties of bricks and walls Masonry Buildings. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1992.
2.3. Types of masonry structures: Load bearing walls, infill masonry and 2. W. Hendry, B. P. Sinha, S. R. Davies, Design of Masonry Structures. E & FN
confined masonry Spon, Londn UK, 1997
2.4. Elements of masonry structures 3. S. Sahlin. Structural Masonry. Prentice Hall, Engelewood Cliffs, New Jersey,
1971.
3. Response of masonry structures to earthquakes (5 hours) 4. W. Hendry. Structural Masonry. Macmillan, Houndmills, Basingstoke, 1998.
3.1. Lateral force resisting systems 5. Tomazevic, M, 1999. Earthquake‐resistant design of masonry buildings,
3.1.1. In‐plane and out‐of‐plane behavior Imperial College Press.
3.1.2. Typical damages to masonry buildings in earthquakes 6. Arya A, Boen T, Ishiyama Y, Martemianov A, Meli R, Scawthorn C, Vargas J
3.1.3. Modes of failure of masonry structures and Yaoxian Y (1986/2010). Guidelines for earthquake resistant
non‐engineered construction.
4. Seismic analysis and design of masonry buildings (12 hours)
4.1. Design principles and code specifications for masonry construction
4.2. Design for axial load and bending
4.3. Slenderness effects

Page 22 of 98
Evaluation Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below:
Marks
Chapter Hours
Distribution*
1 8 16
2 4 8
3 5 10
4 12 20
5 10 16
6 6 10
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 23 of 98
 TRAIL SUSPENSION BRIDGE 5. Construction of trail suspension bridge [9 hours]
5.1. Construction planning
5.2. Setting out of the bridge
Lecture : 3 Year : IV 5.3. Transportation, handling and hoisting of cable
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 5.4. Fabrication and erection/construction of bridge
Practical : 1.5 5.5. Test operation and commissioning
5.6. Maintenance of bridge
Course objectives
• Introduce trail suspension bridge
• Make capable to plan, analyze, design and construct trail
Suspension bridge Tutorial:
1. Design exercise on cable structure of N and D type bridges 8 hrs
1. Introduction [2 hours] 2. Design exercise on design of tower 4 hrs
1.1. Historical background 3. Design exercise on tower foundation and cable anchorage 3 hrs
1.2. Trail bridge in Nepal
1.3. Classification of trail bridges and their components

2. Essential data for design and their acquisition [6 hours]

Practical Works
2.1. Essential data for design
1. Practical of the course consists of a minor project work and field work.
2.2. Socio‐economic study
2. Every individual student is assigned with a minor project work on
2.3. Topographic study and engineering survey
design of D / N type Trail Bridge and student has to defend the project
2.4. Geological and geotechnical study
work at the end of academic semester.
3. Design of trail suspension bridge [26 hours] 3. One day field visit to bridge sites is organized. Student has to submit
3.1. Cable a visit report.
3.1.1. Introduction to cable and its specification
3.1.2. Cable geometry and its analytical presentation References:
3.1.3. Deformation of cable and its calculation 1. Survey, Design and Construction of Trail Suspension Bridges for Remote
3.1.4. Nonlinear analysis of extensible cable Areas
3.2. Design of main cable structure Volume A: Design, F. Grob, J. Krähenbühl, A. Wagner
3.2.1. Cable structure design of suspended bridges Volume B: Survey, J. Krähenbühl, A. Wagner
3.2.2. Cable structure design of suspension bridges Volume C: Standard Design Drawings, C. B. Basnet, J. Krähenbühl
3.3. Design of wind bracing structure Volume D: Execution of Construction Works, D. Panciotto
3.3.1. Wind guy cable arrangement Volume E: Costing and Contracting, J. Krähenbühl
3.3.2. Design of wind guy structure 2. Trail Suspension Bridges (Course Manual), SBD,DOR & IOE
3.4. Design of suspenders/hangers 3. Short‐span Trail Bridge Standard, Technical Handbook, Trail Bridge
3.5. Design of towers Section, GoN
3.6. Design of tower foundation and cable anchorage
3.7. Design calculation of trail suspension bridge by computer

4. Estimating and costing [2 hours]

4.1. Rate analysis
4.2. Cost estimate

Page 24 of 98
Evaluation Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below:
Marks
Chapter Hours
Distribution*
1 2 6
2 6 12
3 26 40
4 2 6
5 9 16
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 25 of 98
 Transportation Planning and Engineering 4.2 Evaluation of alternatives and criteria
4.3 Selection considerations: capital and operating expenditures etc.

Lecture : 3 Year : IV 5. Introduction to airport engineering [10 hours]

Tutorial : 1 Part : I 5.1 Airport classification: international, domestic, general aviation,
Practical : 1.5 military
5.2 Aircraft types: jet, propeller, number of engines etc.
Course objective: 5.3 Predicting air travel demand
The course is aimed at teaching the students the planning type, process 5.4 Selection of airport site
analysis and different transportation system. 5.5 Layout of the airfields and their geometric standards
5.6 Terminal facilities and their space requirements
5.7 Introduction to the design of airfield pavements
1. Introduction [6 hours]
1.1 Scope of transportation planning and transportation system 6. Introduction to railway engineering [10 hours]
engineering 6.1 Classification of railways
1.2 Organizational structure of Ministry of Works and Transport and its 6.2 Components of the railway section
departments 6.3 Geometric design of railway track
1.3 The decision making process in transportation for planning, design, 6.4 Design of track structure
implementation, monitoring and development of transportation 6.5 Railway switches and crossings
facilities 6.6 Railway side tracks and yards
1.4 Model characteristics and roles
7. Ropeways in Nepal [5 hours]
1.5 Simulation techniques and their scientific approach to model
7.1 Introduction
development
7.2 Gravity goods ropeways
1.6 Transportation networks: their characteristics and analysis
7.3 Existing planning process
2. Urban and regional transportation planning [4 hours]
2.1 Difference between urban and regional planning
2.2 Differences in planning for movement of people and goods Tutorials:
2.3 Hierarchical structure to transportation planning: intermodal 1. Urban transportation planning process: trip generation, trip distribution,
approach and integrated development approach modal split, traffic assignment 4 Hrs.
2.4 Transport demand surveys and studies: survey design and field studies, 2. Airport runways design 2 Hrs.
data requirements for passenger and freight movements 3. Airport taxiway design 1 Hrs.
2.5 Predicting future demand 4. Geometric design of railway 2 Hrs.
5. Design of track structure 2 Hrs.
3. Urban transportation planning process [8 hours] 6. Design of gravity goods ropeways 2 Hrs.
3.1 Planning phases: trip generation, trip distribution, modal split and
traffic assignment Practical/assignment
3.2 The supply side of transportation: the modes, their roles and In these sections, students are asked to prepare report regarding the current
characteristics (capacity, cost etc.) state of affairs on the subjects related to air transportation, rail transportation,
3.3 Other recent approaches to transportation planning ropeway and/or any other modes of transportation in the local context.
Students are required to present the report for evaluation which will be the
4. Transportation system analysis [2 hours] part of assessment marks. Depending upon the nature of subject matter,
4.1 Generation of alternatives

Page 26 of 98
students can be grouped (with maximum 4 students per group) for the
submission and subsequent presentation.

References:
1. Principles of Urban transportation planning, B.C. Hutchinson, McGraw Hill
Publishing Company
2. Introduction to Transportation Engineering and Planning, E.K. Morlok,
International Student Edition, McGraw Hill Publishing Company 1987
3. Urban Transportation planning. Michael D. Meyer & Eric J. Miller. Mc Graw
Hill, 2002.
4. Airport Planning and Design, S. K. Khanna, M.G. Arora, S.S. Jain, Nem
Chand and Bros. Roorkee, 2005
5. Principles of Railway Engineering, S.C. Rangwala, Charotar Publishing
House Pvt. Ltd. India, 2010.
6. Transportation Engineering, Volume I and II, V.N. Vazirani and S.P.
Chandola, Khanna Publishers, Delhi, India.
7. Technical Guidelines for Gravity Goods Ropeways, DoLIDAR, 2010.

Evaluation scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below:
Marks
Chapters Hours
Distribution*
1 6 8
2 4 8
3 8 16
4 2 4
5 10 16
6 10 16
7 5 12
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 27 of 98
 ROPEWAY ENGINEERING 5. Estimating and costing [2 hours]
5.1. Rate analysis
5.2. Cost estimate
Lecture : 3 Year : IV 6. Planning, construction and maintenance of ropeway system [9 hours]
Tutorial : 1 Part : II 6.1. Construction planning
Practical : 1.5 6.2. Setting out
6.3. Construction equipments
Course objectives: 6.4. Transportation, handling and hoisting of wire‐rope
• Introduce ropeway transport, types of ropeway and their components. 6.5. Construction, installation and maintenance
• Make acquainted with the planning, analysis, design and construction of 6.6. Test operation and commissioning
aerial and surface ropeway for passengers.
• Make capable to plan, analyze, design and construct gravity ropeway for
goods. 7. Quality control and safety [4 hours]
7.1. Material testing
1. Introduction [2 hours] 7.2. Safety measure
1.1. Historical Background of Ropeway Transport
1.2. Ropeway in Nepal

2. Types of ropeways and their components [3 hours]

2.1. Types of ropeways Tutorial:
2.2. Surface ropeway for passengers 1. Design exercise on wire‐rope structure of aerial ropeway 6 hrs
2.3. Aerial ropeway for passengers and goods 2. Design exercise on wire‐rope anchorage and tower foundation on soil and
2.4. Gravity ropeway for goods rock 4 hrs
3. Design exercise on tower structure 3 hrs
3. Socio‐ economic and technical study [5 hours]
4. Estimating and costing of gravity goods ropeway 2 hrs
3.1. Pre‐feasibility study
3.2. Socio‐economic study
3.3. Topographic study and engineering survey
Project works:
3.4. Geological and geotechnical study
Design of a gravity ropeway system
4. Design of ropeway system [20 hours]
4.1. General design requirement and design provision
4.2. Wire‐rope design Field work:
4.2.1. Introduction to wire‐ropes and their specification Two days visit to ropeway sites, fabricator’s workshops, implementing agencies
4.2.2. Loads on wire‐rope of ropeway and submission of a report
4.2.3. Wire‐rope geometry
4.2.4. Deformation of wire‐rope and its calculation
4.2.5. Non linear behavior of wire‐rope, its analysis and design
4.3. Design of towers
4.4. Design of tower foundation and wire‐rope anchorage
4.5. Introduction to Electro‐mechanical system design

Page 28 of 98
References:
1. Technical guidelines for gravity goods ropeway; DoLIDAR, Ministry of Local
Development
2. Ropeways in Nepal; Gyawali, D. & Dixit, A.
3. Technical brief gravity ropeway; Practical Action Nepal
4. IS 9706:1997, IS code for aerial ropeway for transport of material
5. IS 5229:1998, IS code for aerial ropeway for transport of passengers
6. Approved code of practice for passenger ropeways in New Zealand, 1998
7. Aerial ropeways and funicular railways – ZBIGNIEW SCHINEIGET ,
Pergsmon press, Oxford London
8. Cable stabilization for wind and moving load effect, M. Kazakevitch.
Zakora" Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics (1998)

Evaluation scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below:
Marks
Chapter Hours
distribution*
1&2 5 6
3 5 8
4 20 40
5 2 6
6 9 14
7 4 6
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Page 29 of 98
 SOIL CONSERVATION AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT 4.2. Strip Cropping
4.3. Conservation Farming
CE … Tillage Conservation; Crop Rotation; Multiple Cropping; Cover Crop
Lecture : 3 Year : IV Farm Yard Manure (FYM); Use of Micro irrigation Methods
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 4.4. Grassland Farming
Practical : 1.5 4.5. Agro‐forestry
4.6. Horticulture
Course Objectives:
After the completion of the course, the students will be able to estimate the 5. Engineering Measures for conservation of agri land (9 hours)
runoff and soil loss, design contour bunds, grassed waterways, terraces, 5.1. Bunding
drainage structures, gully control structures, small storage structures etc. & Types (Contour Bunding and Graded Bunding); Design Criteria and
prepare watershed management plan. Specification of Bunding;
Design of Contour and Graded Bunding; Construction and
1. Introduction (2 hours) Maintenance of Bunding
1.1. Need of Soil and Water Conservation 5.2. Terracing
Problems of Soil Erosion and Land Slides; Need of Soil and Water Types (Bench Terraces and Broad Base Terraces); Design of Bench
Conservation Terraces;
1.2. Concept and Approaches of Watershed Management Design of Broad Base Graded Terrace; Construction and Maintenance
Concept of Management on Watershed Basis; Vegetative and of Terraces
Engineering Approaches 5.3. Drainage Structures and Grassed Waterways
1.3. Watershed Operations Types of Surplus Drainage Structures; Design of Surplus Weir and
Physiography; Rainfall‐Runoff Analysis; Measures and Operations Pipe Outlets;
Design of Grassed Waterways; Construction and Maintenance of
2. Runoff and Soil loss (5 hours) Grassed Waterways
2.1. Soil and Water
Soil Characteristics (Composition, Profile, Texture and Structure); 6. Engineering Measures for conservation of Non‐agri and (7 hours)
Infiltration and Soil Moisture Conditions; Surface Runoff and Ground 6.1. Contour and Staggered Trenching
Water; Mechanics of Erosion) 6.2. Gully Control Structures
2.2. Types of Soil Erosion and Land Slides Types of Gully Control Structures; Temporary and Semi‐permanent
Surface Erosion; Gully Erosion; Stream Bank Erosion; Land Slides and Check Dams;
Movement Permanent Spillway Structures; Design of Straight Drop, Drop Inlet
2.3. Runoff Computations and Chute Spillways
Rational method; Regional methods 6.3. Sediment Retention Structures
2.4. Soil Loss Computations 6.4. Soil & Water Retaining Structures
Soil Loss Factors; Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) Design of water retaining structures
3. Land Capability for watershed management (2 hours) 7. BIo engineering for soil and water conservation (3 hours)
3.1. Land Capability Classification (LCC) 7.1. Vegetative Conservation Techniques
3.2. Characteristics of Land Capability Fascines; Palisades; Wattling; Bamboo Planting;
3.3. Land Use and Soil Conservation Practices Grass planting; Live Fencing; Brush Layering
7.2. Natural Hazard Prevention
4. Agronomic Measures for soil and water conservation (4 hours)
4.1. Contour Cultivation

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 Gully Treatment; Land Slide Treatment; Stream Bank Protection; 2. WATERSHED MANAGEMENT. Guidelines for Indian Conditions. E.M.
Degraded Land Rehabilitation TIDEMAN, Omega Scientific Publishers, New Delhi, 1996.
7.3. Protection of Developed Infrastructure 3. Soil and Water Conservation Engineering. R. Suresh, Standard Publishers
Irrigation Channel Stabilization; Trail Improvements; Road Slope Distributors, New Delhi, 1997
Stabilization; Water Source

8. Water Conservation and harvesting (7 hours)

8.1. Water Conservation for Cropland
Broad Bed and Furrow System (BBF); Conservation Bench Terraces Evaluation Scheme:
(CBT); The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
Tied Ridging or Furrow Damming; Contour Furrows; Catch Pits will be as indicated in the table below:
8.2. Small Storage Structures
Conservation Ponds; Small Weirs; Small Earthen Dams with design; Marks
Chapters Hours
Sand Dams distribution*
8.3. Recharge and Use of Ground Water 1 2 5
2 5 10
9. Watershed management (6 hours) 3 2 5
9.1. Causes and Consequences of Watershed Deterioration 4 4 5
9.2. Objectives and Steps of Watershed Management 5 9 20
9.3. People’s Participation in Watershed Management 6 7 15
9.4. Watershed Management Plan (WMP) 7 3 5
9.5. Formulation of Project Proposal 8 7 10
9 6 5
Tutorials:
Total 45 80
1. Estimation of soil loss by USLE (2 hrs)
2. Design of Contour and Graded Bunding (2 hrs) * There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.
3. Design of Bench Terraces (1 hrs)
4. Design of Broad Base Graded Terrace (1 hr)
5. Design of Surplus Weir and Pipe Outlets (2 hrs)
6. Design of Grassed Waterways (2 hrs)
7. Design of Straight Drop and Chute Spillway (2 hrs)
8. Design of Water Retaining Structure (2 hrs)
9. Design of Small Earthen Dam (1 hr)
Practical/Assignment:
Individual assignment on delineation of watershed boundary and preparation
of Watershed Management Plan(WMP) (22.5 hours)

References
1. Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Measures and Low Cost
Techniques NARMSAP NEPAL & Department of Soil Conservation and
Watershed Management, Kathmandu, 2004.

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 WATER AND WASTEWATER QUALITY ANALYSIS 4.7. Chlorine
4.8. Chromium
4.9. Copper
Lecture : 3 Year : IV 4.10. Fluoride
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 4.11. Iron
Practical : 1.5 4.12. Manganese
4.13. Mercury
Course Objective: 4.14. Total ‐ nitrogen, ammonia‐ nitrogen, nitrate‐ nitrogen
The objective of the course is aimed at teaching the students for field oriented 4.15. Phosphate
water and wastewater sampling techniques, water quality analysis, and their 4.16. Potassium
utilization. The laboratory work is expected to make students capable of 4.17. Sulphate
carrying out in‐depth analysis of water quality.
5. Microbiological parameters: (10 hours)
1. Introduction: (2 hours) 5.1. Coliforms
1.1. Water quality, 5.2. E ‐ coli
1.2. WHO guidelines and national standard
6. Analysis of samples: (3 hours)
1.3. Water pollution and its effects.
6.1. Analysis of water samples for potable water
6.2. Analysis of wastewater samples with respect to effluent quality
2. Sampling : (6 hours) standards and other purposes
2.1. Sampling and its techniques 6.3. Probable solutions for solving impurities in water and wastewater
2.2. Methods of sampling in river and lake,
2.3. Methods of sampling in drainage, river and lake
2.4. BOD, COD test sampling techniques
2.5. Analysis of domestic water and wastewater samples Tutorials:
1. Introduction (1 hour)
3. Physical parameters: (12 hours) Definition, water quality, WHO guidelines and national standard
3.1. Temperature 2. Sampling (1 hour)
3.2. Color Definition, sampling and its techniques in various cases
3.3. Odor and taste 3. Physical parameters: (2 hours)
3.4. Turbidity Definitions , WHO guidelines and national standards, highest desirable
3.5. Total solids, fixed solids and volatile solids level, maximum permissible level for various purpose.
3.6. pH 4. Chemical parameters: (5 hours)
3.7. Conductivity Definition , WHO guidelines and national standard, highest desirable level,
3.8. Salinity maximum permissible level for various purpose.
5. Microbiological parameters : (4 hours)
4. Chemical parameters: (12 hours) Definitions, WHO guidelines and national standards, highest desirable
4.1. Alkalinity level, maximum permissible level for various purpose.
4.2. Hardness 6. Analysis of samples : (3 hours)
4.3. Arsenic Analysis and probable solutions for solving impurities in water and
4.4. Cadmium wastewater
4.5. Calcium
4.6. Chloride

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Project works:
1. Laboratory works for determination of
1.1. Physical parameters
1.2. Chemical parameters
1.3. Microbiological parameters
of water and wastewater samples
2. Water quality standards and functional standards

References:
• Andrew D. Eaton, Lenore S. Clesceri, and Arnold E. Greenberg, "Standard
methods for the examination of water and wastewater", 1995
• A.K. Deo, "Environmental chemistry”
• WHO Guidelines for drinking‐water quality

Examination Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below:

Marks
Chapters Hours
Distribution*
1 2 6
2 6 8
3 12 14
4 12 20
5 10 20
6 3 12
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

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 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 3.3. Storage of Waste
3.4. Collection Services
CE ……… 3.5. Collection Systems
Lecture : 3 Year : IV 3.6. Analysis of Collection System
Tutorial : 1 Part : I 3.7. Collection Routes
Practical : 1.5 3.8. Transfer and Transport of MSW
3.9. Transfer Stations
Course Objective:
The aim of this course is to provide with up‐to‐date knowledge regarding 4. Municipal Solid Waste Processing and Ultimate Disposal [13 hours]
technological, organisational and legislative developments and practices of 4.1. Various Methods of Waste Disposal
handling solid wastes. This course covers engineering and scientific concepts 4.2. Landfills, Sanitary Landfills, Combustors, Composting
and principles applied to the management of municipal solid waste (MSW) to 4.3. Land Filling, Landfill Types, Methods and Operations, Planning Land Fill Sites,
protect human health and the environment and the conservation of limited Landfill Sitting Consideration, Factors Affecting LF Site Selection,
resources through resource recovery and recycling of waste material. 4.4. Design, Operation and Monitoring of Landfill
4.5. Gas and Leachate Production and Management in Landfill
1. Introduction [4 hours] 4.6. Health Consideration and Environmental Management of Municipal
1.1. Definitions of terminology Solid Waste Disposal
1.2. Concept of waste management
1.3. Waste generation in different types of society 5. Resource Recovery [10 hours]
1.4. Solid waste, environment and public health 5.1. Introduction to Resource Recovery
1.5. Development of solid waste management 5.2. Material Separation and Processing Techniques
1.6. Development of solid waste management in Nepal 5.3. Materials Recovery Facilities
1.7. Legislation provision of solid waste management in Nepal 5.3.1. Unit Operation in MRF
1.8. Introduction to integrated solid waste management (ISWM) 5.4. Conversion Technology for Recovery
1.9. 3R principles of solid waste management 5.5. Biological Conversion
5.5.1. Composting , Vermicomposting
2. Sources and Types of Wastes [7 hours] 5.6. Recovery of Thermal Conversion Products
2.1. Sources of municipal solid waste 5.6.1. Incineration, Types and Design Consideration, Environmental
2.2. Types of municipal waste, garbage rubbish, trash, street sweeping Consideration
and others
2.3. Composition of solid waste 6. Overview of Waste Management Practices in Nepal [2 hours]
2.4. Waste generation 6.1. Present Waste Management Scenario in Nepal
2.5. Method of estimating waste generation 6.1.1. Best Practices
2.6. Properties of solid waste 6.1.2. Private and community Participation
2.7. Physical properties 6.1.3. Recovery Process in Nepal
2.8. Chemical properties 6.1.4. SWM and Climate Change Issues in Nepal
2.9. Biological properties
2.10. Introduction waste transformation

3. Solid Waste Handling, Collection, Transfer and Transport [9 hours]

3.1. Waste Collection Planning
3.2. Onsite Management

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Tutorials: 6. Integrated Resource Recovery in Municipal Solid Waste Management, The
World Bank
1. Introduction [1 hrs]
Definitions, Timeline Diagram of Development of Solid Waste
Management in Nepal, Diagram of (ISWM) Component and Functional
Element , Diagram of Hierarchy of ISWM, Highlight Feature of Legislation
Provision in Nepal
Examination Scheme:
2. Sources and Types of Wastes [3 hrs] The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
Computation Method of Estimating Waste Generation, Proximate Analysis, will be as indicated in the table below:
Ultimate Analysis, Approximate Chemical (Energy) Formula, Computation
Chapters Hours Marks Distribution*
of Physical Properties, Energy Value Using Dulongs Formula
1 4 7
3. Solid Waste Handling, Collection, Transfer and Transport [3 hrs] 2 7 13
Computation of Vehicle Size, Container Size, Number Required, Location, 3 9 16
Analysis of SCS, HCS, 4 13 22
4. Municipal Solid Waste Processing and Ultimate Disposal [4 hrs] 5 10 16
Land Fill Design Step, Numerical of LF Design, Numerical On Gas and 6 2 6
Leachate Generation. Triangular model of leachate computation Total 45 80
5. Resource Recovery [2 hrs] * There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.
Numerical on Solid Waste Decomposition, Oxygen Requirement for
Decomposition and Combustions.
6. Overview of Waste Management Practices in Nepal [2 hrs]
Field Visit Report

Practical/Field Visit:
One day field observation visit to observe collection, transfer station, transport
and landfill operation and community participation practices of SWM of
nearest municipalities

References:
1. Integrated Solid Waste Management, George Tchobanoglous, Kilary
Theisen, Samuel Vigil; Mcgraw‐Hill Inc, International Edition, 1993
2. Environmental Engineering, Howard Peavy, Donald Rowe, George
Tchobanoglous ; Mcgraw Hill Inc, International Edition, 1985
3. Handbook of Solid Waste Management, Frank Kreeith, ; Mcgraw Hill Inc
4. Solid Waste Management in Urban Nepal: A Review
5. NPC/IUCN National Conservation Strategy Implementation Program

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 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND PARTICIPATORY RURAL 2.12. Time line, ethno‐history
2.13. Seasonal calendar, pie‐diagram, venn diagram
APPROACH 2.14. Statistical tools (SPSS)etc.
CE …

Lecture : 3 Year : IV 3. Communication: (10 hours)

3.1. Art of communication;
Tutorial : 1 Part : I
3.2. Paraphrasing
Practical 1.5
3.3. Giving and taking feedback
3.4. Active listening
Course Objectives:
3.5. Reflection
Upon the completion of the course the students shall be able to understand
3.6. Asking questions
the concept of community development, participatory rural appraisal (PRA) and
3.7. Conflict resolution
communication techniques.
3.8. Group dynamics
1. Community Development: (10 hours) 3.9. Counselling.
1.1. Participatory approach
1.2. Community participation and forms of community participation
4. Case Studies: (10 hours)
1.3. Demand led approach
4.1. Farmers managed irrigation schemes
1.4. Community management
4.2. Community managed water supply systems.
1.5. Sustainability
1.6. Community empowerment elements
1.7. Gender issues introduction
Tutorials:
1.8. Population environment and quality of life
1. Introduction (3 hours)
1.9. Skill development training; group formation
1.1. Development of community action plan health and diseases
1.10. Saving, credit and micro credit
transmission in emergency settings:
1.11. Community action plan.
1.2. Identify prevention and control strategies, including surveillance of
disease outbreak, and epidemic,
2. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA): (15 hours) 1.3. Design of hygiene campaigns
2.1. Philosophy/principles of PRA; 2. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA): (2 hours)
2.2. Concept of PRA 2.1. Maps and modelling, matrix ranking,
2.3. Classification of PRA 2.2. Wealth ranking
2.4. Exploratory, Topical, Participatory, and monitoring PRA 2.3. Resource mapping
2.5. Major PRA techniques (focus group discussion, informal discussion, 2.4. Seasonal calendar
participant observation, key information interview and conducting 2.5. Pie‐diagram
interviews 2.6. Venn diagram
2.6. Stakeholders discussion 2.7. Communication : Participatory discussion (4 hours)
2.7. Resource mapping 3. Case Studies: (6 hours)
2.8. Maps and modelling, matrix ranking 3.1. Case studies on farmers managed irrigation schemes
2.9. Wealth ranking 3.2. Case studies on community managed water supply systems.
2.10. Participatory workshop
2.11. Advantages of PRA, tools and instruments such as triangulation

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Practical / Project works:
1. Concepts and development of Community action plan
2. Report preparation on PRA
3. Resource mapping
4. Maps and modelling, matrix ranking, wealth ranking
5. Seasonal calendar, pie‐diagram venn diagram
6. Case studies on farmers/ community managed irrigation schemes

References:
1. Chambers Robert (1997) whose reality counts? Putting the first last,
intermediate technology publication, London.
2. Nelson, Nici and Susan Wright (1995), Power and Participatory
Development, Theory and practice, Intermediate technology publication,
London.
3. Reid, David (1995) Sustainable Development, An introduction of Guide,
Earthscan Publication ltd. London.
4. Slocum, Rechel. et. al (eds) (1995) Power, process and Participation‐ Tool
for change, Intermediate technology publication, London.
5. Baseline studies
6. Shrivastave, A. K., 2004, Nature Conservation, APH Publishing Corporation
New Delhi.
7. Jones, S., 2004, Environment, Development and Rural Livelihood,
Earthscan, London.
8. Climatology: Oliver and Hidmore, Prentice Hall, 2nd Edition.

Examination Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below:

Marks
Chapters Hours
Distribution*
1 10 15
2 15 25
3 10 15
4 10 25
Total 45 80
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

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