UNIVERSITY MODEL EXAMINATION PAPER

Subject: Object Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++

Semester: 2nd | Time Allowed: 2 Hours | Total Marks: 50

Student Name: _______________________________ Roll No: _______________ Date: _______________

Instructions: Attempt ALL questions. Write clearly. Each section has its own marks.

SECTION A — Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Marks: 5

Circle the correct answer for each question. (1 mark each)

1. Which of the following is the correct syntax to declare a class in C++?

(a) class MyClass { }; (b) MyClass class { };

(c) declare class MyClass { }; (d) object MyClass { };

2. What happens when a constructor has no parameters?

(a) It is called a Parameterized Constructor (b) It is called a Copy Constructor

(c) It is called a Default Constructor (d) It cannot be defined

3. In C++, which access specifier allows a member to be accessed by child class but NOT from
outside?

(a) public (b) private

(c) protected (d) internal

4. What is the correct symbol for a destructor?

(a) !ClassName() (b) ~ClassName()

(c) -ClassName() (d) *ClassName()

5. Which OOP pillar is achieved when you make data private and provide public getter/setter
functions?

(a) Inheritance (b) Polymorphism

(c) Abstraction (d) Encapsulation

SECTION B — Fill in the Blanks Marks: 5

Fill in each blank with the correct word or term. (1 mark each)

1. A constructor that takes no parameters is called a __________________ constructor.

2. The access specifier that allows access only within the class itself is called __________________.

3. In inheritance, the class that inherits properties from another class is called the
__________________ class.

4. A pure virtual function is declared using the syntax: virtual void funcName() =
__________________.
5. The destructor of a class named 'Student' is written as __________________.

SECTION C — Short Conceptual Questions Marks: 18

Answer each question briefly and conceptually. (3 marks each)

Q1. What is the difference between a class and an object? A student says 'class and object are the
same thing.' Do you agree? Justify your answer with a real life example.

(3 marks)

Q2. Explain the difference between pass by value and pass by reference. If you want to swap two
numbers using a function, which method will you use and WHY? What happens if you use the wrong
method?

(3 marks)

Q3. What is Encapsulation? A programmer makes all data members public in a class. What problems
can this cause? How does making data private with getter/setter functions solve this problem?

(3 marks)

Q4. Explain the difference between Default Constructor and Parameterized Constructor. Why does a
constructor have NO return type — not even void? What would happen if you tried to call a
constructor manually?

(3 marks)

Q5. What is Inheritance in OOP? Can a child class access private members of its parent class? What
keyword do you use to allow child class access but block outside access? Why is inheritance useful
— what problem does it solve?

(3 marks)

Q6. What is the difference between Encapsulation and Abstraction? A student says 'both are the
same — they both hide things.' Correct the student with a proper explanation and one example for
each.

(3 marks)

SECTION D — Long Questions (Programs) Marks: 22

Write complete C++ programs for each question. (marks as indicated)

Q1. (7 marks)

Write a complete C++ program for a BankAccount class with the following specifications:

• Private data members: accountHolder (string), balance (double), pin (int)

• A parameterized constructor to initialize all three members
• A deposit(double amount) function — add to balance if amount > 0, else print 'Invalid amount'
• A withdraw(int enteredPin, double amount) function — check pin first, then check balance
• A display() function showing account holder name and current balance
• Create 2 BankAccount objects in main and demonstrate all functions

Q2. (8 marks)

Write a complete C++ program demonstrating Inheritance with the following specifications:

• A parent class Animal with: name (string), age (int), eat() and sleep() functions
• A child class Dog inheriting Animal with: breed (string) and bark() function
• A child class Cat inheriting Animal with: color (string) and meow() function
• In main: create one Dog and one Cat object, set all values, and call all functions
• Show that child objects can use both parent functions AND their own functions

Q3. (7 marks)

Study the following code carefully and answer the questions below:

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

class Student {
private:
string name;
int marks;

public:
Student() {
name = "Unknown";
marks = 0;
}

Student(string n, int m) {
name = n;
marks = m;
}

Student(Student &s) {
name = [Link];
marks = [Link];
}

void setMarks(int m) {
if (m >= 0 && m <= 100)
marks = m;
else
cout << "Invalid marks!" << endl;
}

int getMarks() { return marks; }

void display() {
cout << "Name: " << name << endl;
cout << "Marks: " << marks << endl;
}

~Student() {
cout << name << " object destroyed!" << endl;
}
};

int main() {
Student s1;
Student s2("Ali", 85);
Student s3(s2);

[Link]();
[Link]();
[Link]();

[Link](150);
[Link](95);
[Link]();
return 0;
}
Answer the following questions about the code above:

(a) [1 mark] What will be the output of [Link]()? Why?

(b) [1 mark] What will be the output of [Link]()? Which constructor was called for s3?

(c) [2 marks] What will happen when [Link](150) is called? What will [Link]() show after
[Link](95)?

(d) [1 mark] How many constructors does this class have? Name each one.

(e) [2 marks] What will be printed when the program ends (after return 0)? In what order will
destructors be called and why?

*** END OF PAPER — Good Luck! ***

Section A — MCQs B — Fill Blanks C — Short Qs D — Programs TOTAL
Max Marks 5 5 18 22 50
Obtained