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2 Python Data Structures

This document provides an overview of basic data structures in Python, including lists, tuples, dictionaries, and sets, along with their characteristics and examples. It also covers functions and list comprehensions for creating reusable logic and building lists efficiently. Additionally, practice exercises are included to reinforce the concepts learned.

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2 views3 pages

2 Python Data Structures

This document provides an overview of basic data structures in Python, including lists, tuples, dictionaries, and sets, along with their characteristics and examples. It also covers functions and list comprehensions for creating reusable logic and building lists efficiently. Additionally, practice exercises are included to reinforce the concepts learned.

Uploaded by

dola.mbstu
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Part 2

Data Structures & Functions


Lists, Tuples, Dicts, Sets & Functions
1. Lists
Lists are ordered, mutable collections that can hold mixed data types.

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]


[Link]("mango")
[Link]("banana")
print(fruits[0]) # apple
print(fruits[-1]) # mango
print(fruits[1:3]) # slicing
print(len(fruits)) # 3

2. Tuples
Tuples are like lists but immutable — once created, they cannot be changed.

point = (10, 20)


x, y = point # unpacking
print(x, y) # 10 20

3. Dictionaries
Dictionaries store key-value pairs and provide fast lookups.

student = {"name": "Rafi", "age": 21, "dept": "CSE"}


print(student["name"]) # Rafi
student["age"] = 22
for key, value in [Link]():
print(key, "->", value)

4. Sets
Sets store unique, unordered elements — useful for removing duplicates and set operations.

a = {1, 2, 3}
b = {3, 4, 5}
print(a | b) # union {1,2,3,4,5}
print(a & b) # intersection {3}
print(a - b) # difference {1,2}

5. Functions
Functions group reusable logic. They can take parameters and return values.

def greet(name, greeting="Hello"):


return f"{greeting}, {name}!"

print(greet("Alice"))
print(greet("Bob", "Hi"))
def total(*nums):
return sum(nums)

print(total(1, 2, 3, 4)) # 10

6. List Comprehensions
A concise way to build lists from existing iterables.

squares = [x**2 for x in range(6)]


evens = [x for x in range(20) if x % 2 == 0]
print(squares)
print(evens)

Practice Exercises
• Given a list of numbers, return only the even ones using a list comprehension.

• Write a function that counts word frequency in a sentence using a dictionary.

• Merge two lists into one without duplicate values.

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