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The document provides an overview of elimination reactions in chemistry, detailing the general reaction format and examples. It distinguishes between two types of elimination reactions: E1 and E2, explaining their mechanisms, steps, and characteristics. E1 reactions occur in two steps and depend on one reactant's concentration, while E2 reactions are single-step processes that depend on both substrate and base concentrations.

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3 views8 pages

Presentation1

The document provides an overview of elimination reactions in chemistry, detailing the general reaction format and examples. It distinguishes between two types of elimination reactions: E1 and E2, explaining their mechanisms, steps, and characteristics. E1 reactions occur in two steps and depend on one reactant's concentration, while E2 reactions are single-step processes that depend on both substrate and base concentrations.

Uploaded by

ma78678754
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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1
Elimination Reaction:
An elimination reaction is a chemical reaction in which smaller
molecules are removed from larger molecules is called
elimination reaction .

General Reaction:

 R−CH2​−CH2​−X→R−CH=CH2​+HX

Where:
R = Alkyl group
X = Halogen (Cl, Br, I) or another leaving group
HX = Hydrogen halide removed

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Example:
𝐻 𝐻 𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 𝐻 𝐻
𝐻 − 𝐶 − 𝐶 − 𝐶𝑙 𝐶 = 𝐶 + HCL
𝐾𝑜𝐻
𝐻 𝐻 𝐻 𝐻

Types of Elimination reaction:


1.E1 reaction
2.E2 reaction

1.E1 reaction:
Reaction: 𝐶𝐻2

𝐂𝐇𝟑 𝐶𝐻3 − C + 𝐾𝐶𝑙 + 𝐻2𝑜


𝐂𝐇𝟑 − 𝐂 − 𝐂𝐥 + 𝐊𝐂𝐋
𝐂𝐇𝟑 𝐶𝐻3
Mechanism:
Step 1: 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝐻2
𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙
𝐶𝐻3 − C 𝐶𝑙 + 𝐾𝑜𝐻 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶 + 𝐾𝑐𝑙 + 𝐻2𝑂

𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝐻3

Step 2:
𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝐻2

𝐶𝐻3 𝐶 + 𝑂𝐻 𝐶𝐻3 + 𝐻2𝑂


𝐶

𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝐻3

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Step of reaction :
It is two step reaction.
Molecularity:
Rate depends on the concentration of one reactant only.
Rate of reaction = K(Alkyl halide)

Characteristics:
Favored by tertiary alkyl halides.
Weak bases can be used.
Carbocation rearrangement may occur.

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2. E2 (Bimolecular Elimination)

1.E2 reaction:
𝐻 𝐻
𝐻 𝐻
𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙
𝐻 𝐶 𝐶 −𝐶𝑙 + 𝐾𝑂𝐻 𝐶=𝐶 + 𝐾𝐶𝑙 + 𝐻2𝑂
𝐻 𝐻
𝐻 𝐻

Mechanism:
𝐻 𝐻
𝐻 𝐻
−
𝐻 𝐶 𝐶 −𝐶𝑙 + 𝑂𝐻 𝐶=𝐶 + 𝐶 + 𝐻2𝑂
𝐻 𝐻
𝐻 𝐻

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Step of reaction :
It is single step reaction.
Molecularity:
Rate depends on substrate and base concentration.
Rate of reaction = K(Alkyl halide)(Nucleophile)

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