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basic NAD

The document explains the difference between active and passive electronic components, with active components supplying energy and passive components only receiving it. It also defines basic circuit terminology such as nodes, branches, loops, and meshes, along with Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Voltage Law (KVL) which govern the behavior of currents and voltages in circuits. These laws emphasize the conservation of charge and energy in electrical circuits.

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2 views3 pages

basic NAD

The document explains the difference between active and passive electronic components, with active components supplying energy and passive components only receiving it. It also defines basic circuit terminology such as nodes, branches, loops, and meshes, along with Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Voltage Law (KVL) which govern the behavior of currents and voltages in circuits. These laws emphasize the conservation of charge and energy in electrical circuits.

Uploaded by

luffy74047
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Active & Passive Components

An active component is an electronic


component which supplies energy to a circuit.

Common examples of active components


include:

 Voltage sources
 Current sources
 Generators (such as DC generators)
 All different types of transistors (BJTs etc.)
 Diodes (such as Zener, LEDs etc.)

A passive component is an electronic component which can only receive energy,


which it can dissipate, absorb or store in an electric field or a magnetic field.

Common examples of passive components include:

 Resistors
 Inductors
 Capacitors
 Transformers( power and energy remain the same)

Active Passive

Dependent and Independent energy sources


Basic terminology

Node: Node or junction is a point in the circuit where two or more electrical elements
are connected. This specifies a voltage level with a reference node in a circuit.

Branch: The continuous conducting path between two junctions which contains
electrical element in a circuit is referred as branch.

Loop: In an electrical circuit a loop is an independent closed path in a circuit that


follows the sequence of branches in such a way that it must start and ends with same
node and it shouldn’t touch any other junction or node more than once.

Mesh: In an electrical circuit mesh is a loop that doesn’t contain any other loop in its
interior.

loop
Mesh

We always take a reference node or ground or datum in a circuit so that all other
nodes can be assigned a voltage level.

Kirchhoffs Current Law or KCL: The algebraic sum of ALL the currents entering
and leaving a node must be equal to zero, I (exiting) + I(entering) = 0. This idea by Kirchhoff is
commonly known as the Conservation of Charge.
Kirchhoffs Voltage Law or KVL: states that states that “in any closed loop
network, the total voltage around the loop is equal to the sum of all the voltage drops
within the same loop” which is also equal to zero. This idea by Kirchhoff is known
as the Conservation of Energy.

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