P H Y S I C A L E D U C AT I O N A N D H E A LT H 3

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OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:

a. Identify the different genres of dance such as folk dance,

social dance, ballet, contemporary, and hip-hop and elements of
dance.
b. Perform movements that show the different elements of
dance such as changes in space, time, and energy.
c. Demonstrate respect, discipline, and cooperation while
performing individual or group dance tasks.

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 DANCING
Is an activity which can
take many forms and fill
many different needs. It
can be recreation,
entertainment, education,
therapy, and religion. In its
purest and most basic
form, dance is, the art of
body movement.
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 CREATIVE MOVEMENT
Is defined as a way for people to
express themselves through dance
and music to stimulate the
imagination.

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INTRODUCTION TO DANCE
• Dance is an art form that uses body
movement to express ideas,
feelings, and culture.
• It serves many purposes, including
entertainment, social interaction,
fitness, self-expression, and
cultural traditions.
• Dance has been used throughout
history in rituals, celebrations,
worship, and performances.
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 INTRODUCTION TO DANCE
• Anyone can participate in dance
because it only requires movement
of the body.
• Dance education helps students
learn to create, perform,
appreciate, and understand
different dance styles.
• Learning dance develops
creativity, artistic skills, and
cultural awareness.
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 HISTORY OF DANCE
• Dance has existed since ancient times and
has been used to express emotions,
celebrate events, perform rituals, and
communicate.
• It became an important part of cultures
around the world.
• The earliest evidence of dance comes from
9,000-year-old cave paintings in India
showing people dancing.

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 HISTORY OF DANCE
• Historians learn about early dance through
paintings, carvings, and written records.
• Around 3000 BC, Egyptians used dance in
religious ceremonies to tell stories about
gods and natural events.

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ELEMENTS OF MODERN DANCE

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B . A . S . T . E
B - BODY

A - ACTION

S - SPACE

T - TIME

E - ENERGY

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B O D Y
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emphasizes specific parts of their body

in dance phrases or to use their whole
body all at once. Another way to describe
the body in a dance is to consider the
body system- muscles, bones, organs,
breath, balance, reflexes.

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A C T I O N
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Is any human movement included in the

act of dancing. It can include dance
steps, facial movements, partner lifts,
gestures, and even everyday movements
such as walking.

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A C T I O N
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FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLS

1. LOCOMOTOR – Movement that travel

from one place to another.

EXAMPLE:
• Walking
• Running
• Jumping
• Hopping

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2. NON-LOCOMOTOR – Movements
performed without traveling.

EXAMPLE:
• Bending
• Stretching
• Twisting
• Swaying
• Turning

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3. GESTURE MOVEMENTS – Movements

used to communicate ideals, feelings, or
emotions.

EXAMPLE:
• Waving
• Pointing
• Clapping
• Hand and arm
expressions

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S P A C E
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refers to the space through which the

dancers body moves (general or
personal space, level, size, direction
pathway and focus).

Where the dancer moves and performs

in an area.

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T I M E
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Is applied as both a musical and dance

element (beat, tempo, speed, rhythm,
sudden, slow, and sustained).

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E N E R G Y
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Is the force applied in dancing to

accentuate the weight, attack, strength
and flow of dancers’ movement (sharp,
strong, light, heavy, bound and free-
flow).

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GENRE OF DANCING
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Dance genres can be classified into classical, modern,

contemporary, social, cultural, and street styles. Each
genre has unique forms and techniques, but all dances
serve as a way to express emotions, tell stories,
celebrate culture, and connect people.

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1. BALLET
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Ballet is a classical dance form that

originated in Italy and developed in
France. It is known for its graceful,
precise movements, strong technique,
and storytelling through dance.
Forms:
• Classical Ballet
• Romantic Ballet
• Neoclassical Ballet
• Contemporary Ballet

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2. MODERN DANCE
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Modern dance developed as a reaction

against the strict rules of ballet. It
focuses on freedom of movement,
creativity, and expressing emotions.

Forms:
• Graham Technique
• Horton Technique
• Release Technique

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3. CONTEMPORARY DANCE
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Contemporary dance combines

elements of ballet, modern, and jazz
dance. It emphasizes self-expression,
versatility, and fluid movements.

Forms:
• Lyrical Contemporary
• Contact Improvisation
• Contemporary Fusionms:
 Lyrical Contemporary
 Contact Improvisation
 Contemporary Fusion

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4. JAZZ DANCE
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Jazz dance is energetic and lively, often

performed to upbeat music. It features
sharp movements, turns, jumps, and
strong rhythms.

Forms:
• Broadway Jazz
• Street Jazz
• Jazz Funk
• Latin Jazz

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5. HIP-HOP DANCE
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Hip-hop dance originated from street

culture and is characterized by
freestyle movements, creativity, and
strong beats.
Forms:
• Breaking (Breakdance)
• Popping
• Locking
• Krumping
• Waacking
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6. BALLROOM DANCE
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Ballroom dance involves partners

dancing together in a formal and
elegant manner. It is popular in both
social and competitive settings.
Forms:
• Waltz
• Tango
• Foxtrot
• Viennese Waltz
• Quickstep
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7. LATIN DANCE
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Latin dances are vibrant, rhythmic, and

expressive. They often feature fast
footwork and close partner
interaction.
Forms:
• Salsa
• Cha-Cha
• Rumba
• Samba
• Paso Doble
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8. FOLK DANCE
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Folk dances are traditional dances that

represent the customs, beliefs, and
culture of a particular community or
country.
Forms:
• Tinikling
• Cariñosa
• Pandanggo sa Ilaw
• Binasuan

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9. CULTURAL DANCE OR
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TRADTIONAL DANCE
These dances are performed to
preserve cultural heritage and are
often connected to rituals, celebrations,
and historical events.
Forms:
• Tribal Dances
• Indigenous Dances
• Ritual Dances

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10. RELIGIOUS OR CEREMONIAL

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DANCE
These dances are performed during
religious ceremonies, rituals, or
spiritual celebrations to express faith
and devotion.
Forms:
• Sacred Dance
• Liturgical Dance
• Ritual Dance

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11. TAP DANCE

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Tap dance uses special shoes with

metal plates to create rhythmic sounds
by striking the floor.

Forms:
• Rhythm Tap
• Broadway Tap
• Classical Tap

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