DEVELOPMENT

STUDIES
EXERCISES
MODULE 4: INDUSTRIALISATION AND
URBANISATION
 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL 2 (a) Define industrial production.

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
_________________________________________________________________________
Name: _____________________________ Surname: _____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________
______________________________________________________________________ [1]
Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation

Class Exercise 1 (b) State three characteristics of modern industries.

1 (a) Define industrialisation. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
(b) Describe three benefits of industrialisation to developing countries. (What are the
advantages of industrialisation?) _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [3]

_________________________________________________________________________
3 (a) Define import substitution industrialisation.
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________ [1]

1
______________________________________________________________________ [3]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b) Describe three advantages of import substitution industrialization. (b) Give three disadvantages of using export oriented industrialisation.

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [3]
_________________________________________________________________________
5(a) What is meant by feminisation of the labour force?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [1]
_________________________________________________________________________
(b) State three benefits to a country of feminisation of the labour force.
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [3] _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
4(a) What are export oriented industries?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2
______________________________________________________________________ [1]
______________________________________________________________________ [3]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 (c) Describe two factors to consider in setting up an industry.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [2]

(d)(i) State two negative effects of industrialisation on the environment.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(a)(i) What is the percentage of people employed in industry for Zambia? _________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________ [1] ______________________________________________________________________ [2]

(ii) What is the percentage difference between services and agriculture in the United
Kingdom? (ii) Suggest possible solutions to each problem states in (d)(i) above.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________ [1]
_________________________________________________________________________
(b) State two examples of services. _________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

3
___________________________________ [2] ______________________________________________________________________ [2]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL 2(a) What is meant by synthetic products?

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES _________________________________________________________________________

Name: _____________________________ Surname: _____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________ ______________________________________________________________________ [1]

Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation

(b) Give three problems of import substitution strategy in developing countries. (Give
Class Exercise 2 three disadvantages of import substitution industrialisation)

_________________________________________________________________________
1 (a) What is meant by small-scale enterprises?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [1]
_________________________________________________________________________
(b) Describe three advantages of export-oriented industrialization. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [3]

_________________________________________________________________________
3(a) What are multi-national companies?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4
______________________________________________________________________ [1]
______________________________________________________________________ [3]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b) Give three disadvantages of multinational companies. 5(a) What is meant by automation and robotics?

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [1]

_________________________________________________________________________
(b) State three advantages of the use of automation and robotics in modern industries.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [3]
_________________________________________________________________________

4(a) What is meant by state enterprises? _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
(b) Give three importance of having state enterprises in Botswana.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [3]

5
_____________________________________________________________________ [3]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 (c) Describe three economic factors that force people to move from rural to urban areas.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [3]

(d) Suggest three ways by which the government may reduce rural-urban migration.

_________________________________________________________________________
(a)(i) Which village has the least total number of employed females?
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________ [1]
_________________________________________________________________________
(ii) What is the difference in the number of employed males and male job-seekers in
Ncojane? _________________________________________________________________________

________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________________________

(b) Suggest two reasons why Ghanzi has the highest number of both employed people and _________________________________________________________________________
job-seekers.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [3]

6
______________________________________________________________________ [2]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL _________________________________________________________________________

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES _________________________________________________________________________

Name: ____________________________ Surname: _____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________ _________________________________________________________________________

Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation _________________________________________________________________________

Class Exercise 3 _________________________________________________________________________

1. Study Fig.1, which shows some of the strategies for industrialisation. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(ii) Describe factors that a country should consider in order to set up industries.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
Fig.1
_________________________________________________________________________
(a)(i) Describe the industrialisation strategies shown in Fig. 1.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7
[10 marks]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b)(i) Describe the negative effects of industries on the environment. (ii) Suggest the benefits of having many industries in a developing country such as
Botswana.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
[10 marks]

8
_________________________________________________________________________

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (a)(i) Describe the location of the Newly Industrialised Countries.

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES _________________________________________________________________________

Name: ____________________________ Surname: _____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________ _________________________________________________________________________
Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation _________________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 4 _________________________________________________________________________
1 Study Fig. 1, which shows the Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs), and answer _________________________________________________________________________
questions (a)(i) and (ii).
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Fig.1 _________________________________________________________________________

9
_________________________________________________________________________

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(ii) Explain the challenges which are faced by the Newly Industrialised Countries. (b)(i) Describe the characteristics of modern industries.

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

10
_________________________________________________________________________
[10 marks]
_________________________________________________________________________

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(ii) How can the Botswana government encourage industrialisation in other parts of the MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
country?
DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
_________________________________________________________________________
Name: ____________________________ Surname: _____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________
_________________________________________________________________________
Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation
_________________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 5
_________________________________________________________________________
1 Study Fig. 1 which is a picture showing a large industry.
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

11
[10 marks]
Fig. 1

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 (ii) Suggest factors that promote the industrialisation process.
(a)(i) With the aid of Fig. 1, describe the negative effects of having many industries in a
country. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

12
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ [10 marks]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 (ii) Suggest factors that may reduce labour efficiency among workers in Botswana.
(b)(i) Describe any three forms of specialisation in production.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

13
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
[10 mark]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (c) State three advantages of urbanisation on urban dwellers

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES _________________________________________________________________________

Name: _____________________________ Surname: _____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________ _________________________________________________________________________
Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation _________________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 6 _________________________________________________________________________
1(a) What is urbanization? _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
(b) What are the two causes of urbanisation?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [3]
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ 2(a)What is a primate city?

_________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

14
______________________________________________________________________ [2] _____________________________________________________________________ [1]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b) State three characteristics of a primate city. (c)State three problems caused by urban growth on rural areas
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [3]
_________________________________________________________________________

3(a) What is urban growth? _________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [3]
_________________________________________________________________________
(d) Give three effects of urbanisation on towns and cities
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [1]
_________________________________________________________________________
(b) Describe three causes of urban growth.
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

15
______________________________________________________________________ [3] ______________________________________________________________________ [3]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(e) What are the solutions to problems caused by urbanisation in towns and cities? (b) Describe three disadvantages of rural-urban migration for rural areas, (What are the
problems of rural-urban migration on rural areas?)
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [3]

_________________________________________________________________________ 5(a) Define urban-urban migration.

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [1]

_________________________________________________________________________ (c) Suggest three solutions to problems of rural-urban migration on rural areas.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [3]
_________________________________________________________________________

4(a) Define rural-urban migration. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

16
______________________________________________________________________ [1] ______________________________________________________________________ [3]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 (iii) Describe three problems which the type of countries you have identified are likely to
face as a result of high natural population increase.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [3]

(c)(i) Suggest three reasons for the high birth rates in Uganda and Mozambique.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
(a)Which country had the lowest death rate?
______________________________________________________________________ [3]
___________________________________ [1]

(b)(i) Calculate the natural population increase in the United Kingdom. (ii) Describe the relationship between the birth rate and natural increase.

__________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________________________

(ii)Which type of countries have a high natural population increase? _________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________________________

17
______________________________________________________________________ [1]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL _________________________________________________________________________

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES _________________________________________________________________________

Name: _____________________________ Surname: _____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________ _________________________________________________________________________

Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation _________________________________________________________________________

Class Exercise 7 _________________________________________________________________________

1. Study Fig. 2 which shows an extract on urbanisation

(ii) Suggest possible solutions to the problems of urbanisation.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
(a)(i) With the aid of Fig. 2, state the problems caused by urbanisation to cities such as
Cairo. _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

18
_________________________________________________________________________
[10 marks]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b)(i) State the characteristics of modern industries. (ii) Explain how industrialisation can be implemented.

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

19
_________________________________________________________________________
[10 marks]
_________________________________________________________________________

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL 2(a) Define migration.

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES _________________________________________________________________________

Name: _____________________________ Surname: _____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________ ______________________________________________________________________ [1]

Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation (b) Describe three factors that attract people to urban areas.

Class Exercise 8 _________________________________________________________________________

1(a)What is meant by natural increase? _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
(b) Identify three problems caused by urban growth on urban areas
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [3]
_________________________________________________________________________ 3(a) Define informal sector of the economy
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

20
______________________________________________________________________ [1]
______________________________________________________________________ [3]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b) Describe three problems of the informal sector. (b)Give three positive effects of urbanisation in towns and cities.

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________[3] ______________________________________________________________________ [3]

4.(a) What is meant by urban-urban migration? 5(a)What is the formal sector?

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

21
______________________________________________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________________________

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b) Suggest three ways in which governments can help the informal sector. Section B

_________________________________________________________________________
6 Study Fig. 2, which shows males and females in the formal employment sector in
Botswana in 2009. Use it to answer questions (a) (i) and (ii).
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [3]

(c) Describe three solutions to problems of the informal sector.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ (a)(i) State the percentage of males employed in the parastatal sector.
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________ [1]
_________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Identify the sector which employed a larger percentage of females than males in 2009.
_________________________________________________________________________

22
______________________________________________________________________ [3] _____________________________ [1]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b) What is the difference between formal and informal sectors of the economy? (d) Suggest three way in which the informal sector benefits people in urban areas.

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [2] _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
(c) Describe three ways by which governments can help the informal sector to improve
their businesses. ______________________________________________________________________ [3]

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

23
_________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [3]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 (d) Describe three negative effects of urbanisation on rural areas other than rural
depopulation.
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ [3]

(e) Describe the attempts which have been made by developing countries to reduce
the rate of rural depopulation.
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
(a) What percentage of the urban population has access to clean water?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________ [1]
_________________________________________________________________
(b) What percentage of the rural population has no access to health services? _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________________

(c) State two other social factors that attract people to urban areas. _________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________

24
_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ [2] ______________________________________________________________ [3]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL _________________________________________________________________________

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES _________________________________________________________________________

Name: _____________________________ Surname: _____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________ _________________________________________________________________________

Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation _________________________________________________________________________

Class Exercise 9 __________________________

1. Study Fig. 1, which shows push and pull factors of rural-urban migration and (ii) Describe the problems caused by urbanisation in towns and cities.
answer the question (a)
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Fig.1 _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
(a)(i) Describe the factors that attract people to urban areas.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

25
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
[10 marks]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b) (i) Suggest reasons for the low numbers of women in the formal sector of the economy. (ii) What are the disadvantages of having few women in decision making positions?

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

26
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ [10 marks]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (a)(i) Describe the characteristics of the informal sector.

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES _________________________________________________________________________

Name: _____________________________ Surname: _____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation
_________________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 10
_________________________________________________________________________
1. Study Fig.1 which is a picture showing some activities in the informal sector.
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(ii) Suggest reasons why many women are involved in the informal sector.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

27
Fig.2
[10 marks]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(b)(i) Suggest reasons for the growth of the formal sector in Botswana. (ii) Describe ways by which formal businesses contribute to the development of a country
such as Botswana.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

28
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ [10 marks]

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

 MASUNGA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (a)(i) Using Figs 1A and 1B and your own knowledge, state the differences between the
informal and formal sectors of the economy.
DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
_________________________________________________________________________
Name: _____________________________ Surname: _____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: __________/___________/__________
_________________________________________________________________________
Module 4: Industrialisation & Urbanisation
_________________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 11
_________________________________________________________________________
1. Study Figs 1A and 1B, which show the informal and formal sectors of the
economy, and answer questions (a)(i) and (ii). _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

29
_________________________________________________________________________

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4

(ii)Suggest possible problems that are faced by people in the informal sector, such as the _________________________________________________________________________
person in Fig. 1A.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ (ii)Explain why the informal sector of the economy is growing rapidly in developing
countries.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

[10 marks] _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
(b)(i) Describe ways by which women in the informal sector contribute to the economic
development of Botswana. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

30
_________________________________________________________________________
[10 marks]
_________________________________________________________________________

Masunga Senior Secondary School Development Studies Module 4