PRESIDENT’S OFFICE

REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

MOROGORO MUNICIPAL COUNCIL

FORM THREE JOINT ANNUAL EXAMINATION MARKING SCHEME

031 PHYSICS

1.
i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x
D D C C C D C B D B
QN 1…………………….01Mark @
2.
List A i ii iii iv v vi
List B B C D A E G
Qn 2…………………….01Mark @
3. (a)
Fog – is the cloud floating above low level ground. Fog reduces visibility to less than
200m………………………………………………………………………………..……..02marks
Smog – is the dense fog where the visibility is reduced to a few metres…………..02marks

(b) Since air temperature is constant 220C The town with highest dew point indicates high relative
humidity, Then
(i) The town with highest relative humidity is Morogoro due to highest dew point …….2.5marks
(ii) The town with lowest relative humidity is Arusha due to lowest dew point………….2.5marks

4. (a) Name, draw and mention one use of the three different types of diverging lenses………3marks)
Types of diverging lens

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 (Biconcave)
Uses
Used to correct short – sightedness

(b) - Swimming pool appears much shallower than its actual depth because the light ray’s bends as it
passes from water to air. As the ray of light from the bottom passes water to air it is reflected with an
angle of refraction greater than the angle of incidence. …………………………………………..02marks

(c) Magnification (m) = = 4 …………………………………………………….……...01mark

V = 4u ……………………………………………………………….………………………....01mark

Also f = 25cm

From

…………………………………..……………………………………...01mark

𝑢 = 31.25𝑐𝑚

The object distance, u is 31.25cm ………………………………………….…01mark

5. (a) This is because it displaces less water than its own weight………..…………….02marks
(b) Mass of crown (Mc) = 1.05kg = 1050g

-Volume of crown (Vc) = 60cm3

-Density gold = 19.3g/cm3

-Density of crown =?

-Mass of gold (Mg) =?

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 -Volume of gold (Vg) =? -Density of
silver (ρs)= 10.5g/cm3 -Mass of silver
(Ms) = -Volume of silver (Vs) =?
The crown is mixture
Consider volume of mixture and mass of mixture for the crown
Volume of crown, Vc = Vg + Vs………………………………………………..01marks
Then Vs = Vc- Vg…………..(i)
Mass of crown Mc = Mg + Ms……… (ii) …………………………….……….01marks
But mass of silver Ms = Vs x ρs
Then Mc = ρgVg + (Vc - Vg) x ρs

𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑒 (Ms = Vc-Vg) and Mg = ρgVg……………………………………….…01marks

1050g = 19.3g/cm3 x Vg +(60cm3-Vg)x10.5g/cm3

1050g = 19.3g/cm3 x Vg + 630g -10.5g/cm3 x vg
1050g – 630 g = 8.8g/cm3 x Vg 420g =
8.8g/cm3 x Vg

Vg ……………………………………………………….……………01mark
Vg = 47.73cm3
Then mass of gold Mg = ρgVg
Mg = 19.3 X 47.73
Mg=921.189g…………………………………………………………….……..02mark

6. (a) Ways to improve the efficiency of the machines …………………… ……….03Marks

- Oiling /greasing the movable parts of the machines
- Using light weight material for movable parts
- Avoid to overload the machine ( only two points ……….1.5@)

(b) Let Ea be effort arm

La be load arm

𝐸𝑎 + 𝐿𝑎 = 2.5𝑚………………(i) ………………………………………………..01mark

Also

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 V.R =

𝐸𝑎 = 12𝐿𝑎………………….(ii) …………………………………………………01mark

Substitute (ii) in (i)

12𝐿𝑎 + 𝐿𝑎 = 2.5m

𝐿𝑎 = 0.19 ≈ 0.2𝑚

From

𝐸𝑎 = 12𝐿𝑎

= 12 x 0.2

= 2.4m

Effort was applied at 2.4m from the fulcrum. ………………………………….01marks

𝑀.𝐴
(c) 𝑒 = 𝑋100% ………………………………………………………01mark
𝑉.𝑅

𝑀.𝐴
85%= X100%
12

M.A = 10.2 ………………………………………………..…………………………01mark

But

Effort =

Effort = 7.4N ……………………………………………..…………..…………..01marks

7. (a) the law “if two forces are represented in magnitude and direction by the adjacent side of a
parallelogram ,then their resultant is represented in magnitude and direction by the diagonal of the
parallelogram”…………………………………………………………………………..4marks

(b)
Solution
Redraw the above diagram as follows

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 380 T
60N

F …………………………..………………………………………01mark

……………………………………………………………………………..01mark

Tension T =76.14N…………………………………................................................……..01marks

Also

…………………………………………………………………………01mark

Horizontal force = F = 46.88N………………………………………………………..01marks

8. (a) Difference between elastic collision and inelastic collision ………….03marks

Elastic collision Inelastic collision

Both K.E and momentum are conserved Only momentum is conserved while K.E is
not conserved
Bodies separate after collision Bodies stick together after collision
Bodies moves with individual velocity Bodies movies with common velocity

(b)
(i) Condition of the problem
(i) Before collision (ii) After

collision v 1 =?
V2 = 1.6m/s

U1 = 2m/s U2= 0m/s (rest) m1= 4kg m2= 6kg

m1= 4kg m2= 6kg

From principle of conservation of linear momentum

Total momentum before collision = total momentum after collision ………….…….01mark
𝑚1𝑢1 +𝑚2𝑢2 = 𝑚1𝑣1 + 𝑚2𝑣2
But 𝑢2 = 0m/s (since body is stationary)

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 …………………………………………………………….01mark

0.4m/s

𝑣1 = -0.4m/s. ……………………………………………………..……….………….01marks
Negative sign shows the body will move with a velocity 0.4m/s in opposite direction.
(ii) K.E before collision

= 0m/s (stationary body)

𝐾. 𝐸𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 = 8J ……………………………………..……………………..……1.5marks

= 0.32J + 7.68J
= 8J…………………………………….………………..……………1.5marks
So kinetic energy is conserved since K.E before collision = K.E after collision

9. (a) (i) It would be less efficient. This is because the metal would conduct heat from inside the
bottle to the outside through the contact edge………………………………………..04marks
(ii) Clouds traps heat emitted from the earth’s surface and reflects it back to the surface of
the earth. This is why cloud days are warmer than the clear cloudless days …04marks
(iii) A is the heater because brass expands more than iron. At high temperature bimetallic
Strip bends toward …… ………………………………………..……………………..02 Marks
(b) Solution

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 Required to get volume of sphere From the
diagram
U = mg + T ……………………………………………………………………….01mark
But U = 𝜌𝑤𝑉𝑤𝑔
Then
𝜌𝑤𝑉𝑤𝑔 = mg + T …………………………………………………………………01mark

……………………………………………………………….01mark
= 0.01 𝑚3 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 = 0.01 𝑚3…………………………….………….01 marks
10. (a)
(i) The simple cell can simply be constructed by using glass vessel filled with dilute sulphuric acid
in which copper and zinc plates are immersed. The two act as electrodes and are joined
externally by a wire. Due to potential difference between the two plates, electrons flows from
zinc plate to copper plate and therefore convectional currents from copper plate to zinc plate.
Electron leaves the solution by a zinc plate (cathode) and enters the solution through copper
plate (anode). …………….….…………………………………………………………………..02marks
(ii) Diagram of simple cell…………………………………..………………………………..…..03marks

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 G
𝑒− I
Copper wire

+
Copper plate
Zinc plate

Glass jar

Dilute sulphuric acid

(iii)The action of simple cell can be explained as follows ;

At anode
Zinc dissolve into acid solution and liberates electrons to the external circuits
Zn → 𝑍𝑛2+2𝑒−…………………………….…………………………….…….02marks
At cathode
Hydrogen ions drift to the copper plate where they combine with electrons and liberated as
hydrogen gas (bubbles)
2𝐻+ + 2𝑒− = 𝐻2(𝑔)……………………………………………………..………02marks

(b) calculate the current passing through the circuit when.

(i) When switch 𝐾1 is closed

2V
K1
I I
I 5Ω I

3Ω

K2

Current, I = = 0.25A…………………………..…..…….…………02marks
(ii) When switch 𝐾1 and 𝐾2 are both closed 5Ω resistor is by passed

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 2V
K1
I I
I 5Ω I

I I 3Ω

K2

Current, I = = 0.67A………………………………………………………….…….02marks
(iii) When switch 𝐾1is open and 𝐾2 is closed the circuit is said to be open. In an open circuit NO
current flows i.e. I = 0 ……………………………………..…..02marks

11. (a) Magnetic strips are installed on the door of a refrigerator………………….…………….02marks

Reasons
Is to create an airtight seal, maintaining the internal temperature. They are
not typically found on microwave ovens……………………………..…………….….03marks
(b) Because they absorb very little amount of sun’s radiations and thus keep our body
cool…………………………………………………………………………....04marks

(c) Given specific heat capacity of plastic = 1050J/kgK; specific latent heat of fusion of water =
335000J/kg. Solution
(i) Mass of tray, 𝑚𝑡 = 48g = 0.04kg
Mass of water 𝑚𝑤 = 200g = 0.2kg
Initial temperature 𝜃1= 200C
Final temperature = 𝜃2= 00C
Rate of heat transfer, h = 2100J/min
Specific heat capacity of tray, 𝑐𝑡= 1050J/kgK
Specific heat capacity of water, 𝑐𝑤= 4200J/kgK
H = 𝑚𝑡𝑐𝑡∆𝜃 + 𝑚𝑤𝑐𝑤∆𝜃 = 0.048 x 1050 x -20 + 0.2 x 4200 x -20
= - 17808J 9 (-ve indicate heat is being lost) Heat
transferred 17808J

Rate of heat transfer, h =

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 t= …………………..……………………..……………..03marks
(ii) Heat lost during freezing = 𝑚𝑤𝐿
H = 0.2 x 335,000 = 67000J
Now

t= ……………………………………..………………..03marks

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