Designation: D6618 − 10a

Standard Test Method for

Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle
Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

INTRODUCTION

This test method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance.
However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2 provides reference oils and an assessment of the
test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By this means, the laboratory will know whether
their use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories.
Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking
qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement,
in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test method
that refer to the TMC.
This test method may be modified by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method.

1. Scope 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as

1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel standard. The values in parentheses are provided for informa-
engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain tion only.
high-temperature performance characteristics, particularly ring 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
deposits. Such oils include both single viscosity SAE grade and responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
commonly known as the 1M-PC test (PC for Pre-Chamber) and bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
is used in several API oil categories, notably the CF and CF-2 1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
and the military category described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see TABLE OF CONTENTS
Note 1). Scope 1
Reference Documents 2
NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil Terminology 3
performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are Summary of Test Method 4
discussed in SAE J304. The companion tests used by the military can be Significance and Use 5
Apparatus 6
found in MIL-PRF-2104.
Test Engine 6.1
Engine Accessories 6.2-6.14
Engine Oil System 6.15
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Cooling System 6.16
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Fuel System 6.17
D02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils. The test engine sequences were originally Intake Air System 6.18
developed in 1956 by ASTM Committee D02. Subsequently, the procedures were Exhaust System 6.19
published in an ASTM Special Technical Publication. Blowby Meter 6.20
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally Thermocouples 6.21
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6618–10. DOI: Parts 6.22
10.1520/D6618-10A. Instrumentation 6.23
2
ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Crankcase Paint 6.24
The TMC issues Information Letters that supplement this test method. This edition Reagents and Materials 7
incorporates revisions contained in all information letters through No. 10-1. Fuel 7.1

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 1

 D6618 − 10a

Test Oil 7.2 D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
Engine Coolant 7.3 Atmospheric Pressure
Cleaning Materials 7.4
Safety 8 D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
Preparation of Apparatus 9 Closed Cup Tester
Supplementary Service Information 9.1 D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
General Engine Inspection 9.2
Intake Air System 9.3 D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
Cooling System 9.4 leum Products by Copper Strip Test
Engine Cooling System Cleaning 9.5
Instrumentation Calibration Requirements 9.6
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
Engine Crankcase Cleaning 9.7 (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
Additional Oil Filter 9.8 D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
Flushing Procedure Components 9.9
Flushing Procedures 9.10
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
Piston Cleaning Preparation 9.11 ity)
Cylinder Head 9.12 D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
Fuel Nozzle 9.13
Measurement 9.14 D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
Procedure 10 Petroleum Products
Engine Break-in 10.1 D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
Pre-Test Preparations 10.2
Warm-up Procedure 10.3 D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
Operating Conditions 10.4 by Potentiometric Titration
Periodic Measurements 10.5
Engine Oil Level 10.6
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-
Oil Addition Procedure 10.7 leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
Cool-Down Procedure 10.8 D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
Shutdowns 10.9
Fuel System 10.10
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
Brake Specific Oil Consumption (BSOC) Calculation 10.11 D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-
Inspection 11 cosity System
Preparation 11.1
Inspection 11.2 D2425 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Dis-
Rater Training 11.3 tillates by Mass Spectrometry
Referee Ratings 11.4 D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
Calibration of Test Method 12
Requirements 12.1 D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
Reference Oils 12.2 Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Test Numbering 12.3 D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
Definition of a Test 12.4
New Laboratories and New Test Stands 12.5 Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
Frequency of Calibration Tests 12.6 D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Prod-
Specified Test Parameters 12.10
Acceptance of Calibration Tests 12.11
ucts, and Lubricants
Failing Reference Oil Calibration Tests 12.12 D4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum
Non-Standard Tests 12.13 Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-
Severity Adjustments and Control Charting 12.14
Test Reporting 12.15
trometry
Reporting Reference Results 12.16 D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service
Analysis of Reference Oils 12.17 Category Engine Oils
Precision and Bias 13
Precision 13.1
D4863 Test Method for Determination of Lubricity of Two-
Bias 13.2 Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
Keywords 14 D5302 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine
ANNEXES Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation and Wear in a
Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with
Figures and Schematics Annex A1 Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-
Report Forms Annex A2
Test Fuel Information Annex A3 Duty Conditions (Withdrawn 2003)4
D5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine
APPENDIXES Oils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID) (Withdrawn
Humidity Correction Factors Appendix X1 2003)4
Report Form Examples Appendix X2 D5862 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Two-
1M-PC Multiple Testing Appendix X3
Stroke Cycle Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA Diesel Engine
(Withdrawn 2009)4
2. Referenced Documents
D6202 Test Method for Automotive Engine Oils on the Fuel
2.1 ASTM Standards:3 Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in the
Sequence VIA Spark Ignition Engine (Withdrawn 2009)4
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, [Link], or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@[Link]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. [Link].

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 2

 D6618 − 10a
2.2 SAE Standard:5 result is used to determine the suitability of the engine
SAE J304 Engine Oil Tests stand/laboratory to conduct such tests on non-reference oils.
2.3 Military Standard:6 [Link] Discussion—In this test method, it can also refer to
MIL-PRF-2104 Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion En- tests conducted on parts to ensure their suitability for use in
gine, Combat/Tactical Service reference or non-reference tests.
3.2.2 test, n—any test time accumulated in accordance with
3. Terminology this test method.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 calibrate, v—to determine the indication or output of a 4. Summary of Test Method
measuring device with respect to that of a standard. D4175
4.1 Prior to each test run, the power section of the engine
3.1.2 candidate oil, n—an oil that is intended to have the (excluding piston assembly) is completely disassembled,
performance characteristics necessary to satisfy a specification solvent-cleaned, measured, and rebuilt in strict accordance
and is tested against that specification. D5844 with furnished specifications. A new piston, piston ring assem-
3.1.3 clogging, n—the restriction of a flow path due to the bly, and cylinder liner are installed each test. The engine
accumulation of material along the flow path boundaries. crankcase is solvent-cleaned, and worn or defective parts are
D5844 replaced. The test stand is equipped with appropriate accesso-
3.1.4 engine oil, n—a liquid that reduces friction or wear, or ries for controlling speed, fuel rate, and various engine
both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes operating conditions. A suitable system for supercharging the
heat, particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as engine with humidified and heated air shall also be provided.
a combustion gas sealant for the piston rings. D5862 4.2 Test operation involves the control of the supercharged,
[Link] Discussion—It may contain additives to enhance single-cylinder diesel test engine for a total of 120 h at a fixed
certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit forma- speed and fuel rate, using the test oil as a lubricant. A 1 h
tion, valve train wear, oil oxidation, and foaming are examples. engine break-in precedes each test. At the conclusion of the
3.1.5 non-reference oil, n—any oil other than a reference test, the piston, rings, and cylinder liner are examined. Note the
oil: such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candi- degree of cylinder liner and piston ring wear, the amount and
date oil. D5844 nature of piston deposits present, and whether any rings are
stuck.
3.1.6 purchaser, n—of an ASTM test, a person or organiza-
tion that pays for the conduct of an ASTM test method on a
specified product. D6202 5. Significance and Use
[Link] Discussion—The preferred term is purchaser. Dep- 5.1 The test method is designed to relate to high-speed,
recated terms that have been used are client, requester, supercharged diesel engine operation and, in particular, to the
sponsor, and customer. deposit control characteristics and antiwear properties of diesel
3.1.7 reference oil, n—an oil of known performance char- crankcase lubricating oils.
acteristics, used as a basis for comparison D5844 5.2 The test method is useful for the evaluation of diesel
[Link] Discussion—Reference oils are used to calibrate engine oil quality and crankcase oil specification acceptance.
testing facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, or This test method, along with others, defines the minimum
to evaluate other materials (such as seals) that interact with performance level of the API categories CF and CF-2 (detailed
oils. information about passing limits for these categories is in-
3.1.8 scuff, scuffıng, n—in lubrication, damage caused by cluded in Specification D4485). It is also used in MIL-PRF-
instantaneous localized welding between surfaces in relative 2104.
motion which does not result in immobilization of the parts. 5.3 The results are significant only when all details of the
D4863 procedure are followed. The basic engine used in this test
3.1.9 wear, n—the loss of material from, or relocation of method has a precombustion chamber (as compared to direct
material on, a surface. D5302 injection) and is most useful in predicting performance of
[Link] Discussion—Wear generally occurs between two engines similarly equipped. This factor should be considered
surfaces moving relative to each other and is the result of when extrapolating test results. It has been found useful in
mechanical or chemical action or by a combination of me- predicting results with high sulfur fuels (that is, greater than 0.5
chanical and chemical actions. wt %) and with certain preemission controlled engines. It has
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: also been found useful when correlated with deposit control in
3.2.1 calibration test, n—an engine test conducted on a two-stroke cycle diesel engines.
reference oil under carefully prescribed conditions whose
6. Apparatus

5
6.1 Test Engine—A single-cylinder Caterpillar diesel oil test
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
engine having a 2.2 L (134.1 in.3) displacement is required.
Warrendale, PA 15096.
6
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Building 4, Section D, Bore and stroke are 13.0 cm (5.125 in.) and 16.5 cm (6.5 in.)
700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5904, Attn: NPODS. respectively. The engine arrangement is shown in Fig. A1.1.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 3

 D6618 − 10a
The supply of test engines and parts is discussed in 6.22. The will coordinate the redistribution. Send P-tubes to be inspected
engine is equipped with the accessories or equipment listed in to Perkin Elmer Automotive Research.7
6.2 through 6.24. [Link] The P-tubes will be flowed, using EF-411 oil at
37.8 6 0.6°C (100 6 1°F) and 165.5 6 0.5 kPa (24 6 0.5 psi)
6.2 Air Pressure—Use a supercharging blower or other as measured at the location shown in Fig. A1.2. The acceptable
device arranged to control air pressure. flow range is 1.89 to 2.27 L/min (0.50 to 0.60 gal/min).
6.3 Air Intake System—Use the 1Y38 surge chamber and the [Link] To maintain impartiality in selecting P-tubes, only
air heater mechanism (see Annex A1) or its equivalent. acceptable assemblies will be forwarded to SWRI as unmarked
units. These units will be randomly selected for redistribution.
6.4 Humidity—Use a system to control humidity to the In cases in which the only units available are from a single
specified test conditions. order, only those units will be returned. Assemblies that fall
6.5 Cooling System—Use a closed, pressurized, circulating outside of the specifications will not be returned. Instead,
cooling system having an engine-driven centrifugal water Perkin Elmer Automotive Research will generate a nonconfor-
pump. mance report with an additional copy to be sent to the
laboratory that supplied the P-tube. The failed units will be
6.6 Speed/Load Controls—Use a dynamometer or suitable returned to Caterpillar for credit. Perkin Elmer Automotive
loading device to control engine speed and measure load. Research will indicate on the nonconformance report that the
6.7 Starting—Use a suitable starting arrangement capable of appropriate credit be issued to the originating laboratory.
420 N·m (310 lbf·ft) breakaway and 373 N·m (275 lbf·ft) Additional piston cooling assemblies will need to be supplied
sustained torque at approximately 200 r/min. by the requesting laboratory and submitted to Perkin Elmer
Automotive Research.
6.8 Exhaust System—Use an exhaust system using piping [Link] Perkin Elmer Automotive Research will enclose a
and an exhaust barrel as specified in Annex A1. A restriction statement with each unit inspected, disclaiming any liability for
valve down stream of the barrel maintains the exhaust gases at subsequent performance of the part. No attempt will be made
a given back pressure as specified in the test conditions. to ensure that the tubing is properly configured or that any
other physical property makes it suitable for use. Units
6.9 Data Acquisition—Configure all stands to acquire data
damaged during shipment will not be tested, unless specifically
automatically for speed, fuel flow, intake air pressure, intake
requested. Include a packing list and separate purchase orders
air temperature, coolant temperature, oil-to-bearing tempera-
to Perkin Elmer Automotive Research and SWRI8 with each
ture, and oil-to-jet pressure (as a minimum) with closed loop
shipment. Please specify a name and address where the parts
control on speed, intake air temperature, coolant temperature,
are to be returned.
and oil-to-bearing temperature (as a minimum).
6.12 Engine Oil Level Gage—Lower the bayonet gage
6.10 Cylinder Head and Cylinder Assemblies—Only cylin- housing 5 cm (2.0 in.) to provide for more accurate oil level
der head and cylinder assemblies that have previously passed a readings. Parts required for this modification are shown in Fig.
calibration test are acceptable for non-reference testing. A1.3.
6.11 Piston Cooling Nozzle: 6.13 Crankcase Pressure Control Valve—Install a pressure
6.11.1 Oil Jet Pressure Measurement —The following is control valve (1Y479) at the crankcase breather outlet to
required to allow for measurement of the piston cooling nozzle stabilize crankcase pressure. Installation is shown in Fig A1.4.
pressure: 6.14 Oil Cooler Inlet Temperature —Record the tempera-
[Link] Replace the 3B9407 fitting with a 1⁄4 in. tee fitting, ture of the oil cooler inlet by installing a thermocouple in the
and reconnect the 1Y6 oil line. pipe-tapped hole provided on the rear side of the oil-cooler
[Link] Modify the 1Y8199 oil pan to provide access for cover adjacent to the oil inlet port. Care should be taken to
the pressure pickup. provide sufficient thermocouple insertion depth to provide a
[Link] Use oil pressure gage 8M2743, or equivalent. mid-stream oil temperature.
[Link] Only piston cooling jets that have been flow- 6.15 Engine Oil System—Use the last chance screen
checked by the specified industry standard are approved for 1Y3549. Modify the oil pump as shown in Fig. A1.10. Add the
use. See footnote 11 for supplier. Fig. A1.2 shows the sug- external oil pump bypass line for safety and convenience
gested modification of the 1Y8199 oil pan and necessary factors to adjust oil pressure on engine break-in and warm-up.
hardware for the cooling nozzle pressure pickup. All test 6.16 Cooling System—Replace the 7.6 cm (3 in.) standard
engines with serial numbers greater than 2511252 will be cooling tower with the 12.7 cm (5 in.) pressurized cooling
provided with the pressure pickup modification. tower as shown in Fig. A1.6. Modify the cooling system to
6.11.2 Piston Cooling Jet Supplier—To improve precision, accommodate the pressurized cooling tower, bypass flow
Perkin Elmer Automotive Research and Southwest Research
Institute (SWRI) have agreed to provide flow-checked 1M-PC
7
P-tubes to the industry. Perkin Elmer Automotive Research Send P-tubes to be inspected to Perkin Elmer Automotive Research, 5404
Bandera Road, San Antonio, TX 78238.
will flow and serialize the units and determine if they are 8
Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, P.O. Drawer 28510, San
within specification and will maintain records, while SWRI Antonio, TX 78228-0510.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 4

 D6618 − 10a
control and flow meter as shown in Fig. A1.7 and Fig A1.8. Use is to be within6 0.648 g (6 10 grains) of the humidity-
a Barco Venturi Meter #BR 12705-16-31.9,10 Use brass or measuring, chilled-mirror dew point hydrometer (see 9.6.2).
stainless steel pipe that has chamfered ends (45°) into and out
6.19 Exhaust System—Uniformity in exhaust system pres-
of the venturi meter [15.2 cm (6 in.) minimum into and 5.1 cm
sure patterns within a laboratory and from laboratory-to-
(2 in.) minimum out]. Orient the high pressure tap (the first
laboratory is required to minimize a major test variable. The
seen by the flow) horizontally.
dimensions and distance of the exhaust piping from the exhaust
6.17 Fuel System—Use a standardized engine fuel system to elbow to the barrel, as well as the volume of the exhaust barrel,
ensure that fuel-line pressure transients are held to acceptable are specified in Figs. A1.30 to A1.34. Note the exhaust barrel
values and to minimize cranking times. Use a Micro Motion may be insulated or water cooled. The downstream distance of
flow meter10,11 having a range no greater than 0-90.7 kg/h the restriction valve from the exhaust barrel is not specified.
(0-200 lb/h) to measure fuel flow rate. 6.19.1 Set the exhaust pressure at specified conditions as
6.17.1 The line lengths, line sizes, and fuel system compo- given in Table 1 by varying the restriction valve. Measure the
nents are shown in Fig. A1.5. Use this system without pressure in the exhaust barrel as shown in Fig. A1.31. The
modification, with the possible exception that the fuel shut-off location of the 1Y467 or equivalent exhaust thermocouple is
solenoid10,12 is eliminated if the line length from the engine- shown in Fig. A1.30.
mounted filter to the injector pump is standardized at 107 6 1
cm (42.25 6 0.5 in.). Also, an external fuel pump may be used 6.20 Blowby Meter, a displacement type gas meter or
in place of the engine-mounted fuel pump. Control the fuel rate equivalent fitted with an oil separator and surge chamber. A
with either manual or automated fuel rack manipulation. fitting on the crankcase breather (see Fig. A1.4) permits
attachment of the meter to the engine by using appropriate
6.18 Intake Air System—Install a dry element oil and lengths of hose or pipe, or both, suitable to the laboratory’s
particle filter between the air supply source and each engine to needs.
be run. Use an air filter capable of 10 µm (or smaller) filtration.
(Oil bath filters are not acceptable in this location.) Make air 6.21 Thermocouples—Specified thermocouples (or equiva-
filter replacements as required to minimize pressure losses and lents) are required for obtaining temperatures at the following
with sufficient frequency to maintain the air heater barrel as locations: air-to-engine (1Y468), exhaust temperature
free as possible form oil and dust particles. The 1Y38 surge (1Y467), and water inlet, water outlet, oil-to-bearings (1Y466).
chamber and air heater assembly required is shown in Annex 6.21.1 Install thermocouples 1Y468, 1Y467, and 1Y466
A1. only at the temperature-sensing locations provided with the
6.18.1 Suitable equipment is required to maintain the speci- 1Y73 engine arrangement. Locate the immersion depth for
fied moisture content, temperature, and pressure of the inlet air water inlet, water outlet, and oil-to-bearing temperature sensors
to the cylinder head. The accuracy of the humidification system so that the tip of the sensor is midstream of the fluid measured.
Immersion depth for the air and exhaust temperature sensors
9
are measured as follows (variation from these dimensions is
Available from J. P. Bushnell, 3436 Lindell Blvd., St. Louis, MO.
10
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
not permitted):
is noted in the adjoining footnote. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please [Link] Air temperature sensor depth: 27 6 2 mm (11⁄16 6
provide this information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive 1⁄16 in.)
careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1 which
you may attend. [Link] Exhaust temperature sensor depth: 65 6 2 mm
11
Available from Micro Motion, Inc., 7070 Winchester Circle, Boulder, CO (29⁄16 6 1⁄16 in.)
80301.
12
Available from Asco, Florham Park, New Jersey 07932. 6.22 Parts:

TABLE 1 1M-PC Operating ConditionsA,B

Speed, r/min 1800 ± 10
Fuel flow, kg/h (lb/h) 8.13 ± 0.07 (17.92 ± 0.15)
Temperature, water from cylinder head,° C (°F) 87.8 ± 2.8 (190 ± 5)
Flow rate, engine coolant, L/min (gal/min) 57.9 ± 3.8 (15.3 ± 1.0)
Temperature, oil to bearings, °C (°F) 96.1 ± 2.8 (205± 5)
Temperature, inlet air to engine, °C (°F) 123.9 ± 2.8 (255± 5)
Temperature, exhaust, °C (°F) 573 ± 28 (1063 ± 50)
Pressure, fuel to injection pump, kPa (psi) 137.9 ± 13.8 (20 ± 2)
Pressure, exhaust, kPa (in. Hg Abs.) 106.7 ± 1.7 (31.5 ± 0.05)
Pressure, oil at jet cooling nozzle, kPa (psi)C 165.5 ± 13.8 (24± 2)
Pressure, oil to bearings maximum, kPa (psi)C 220.6 (32)
Pressure, air to engine, kPa (in. Hg Abs.) 179.0 ± 1.0 (53 ± 0.3)
Vacuum, crankcase, kPa (in. H2O) 0.25 ± 0.12 (1.0± 0.5)
Humidity, air to engine, g/kg of dry air (grains/lb) 17.8 ± 1.7 (125 ± 12)
Flow rate, engine air, approximate m3/min (ft3/min) at 15.6°C (60°F), 0.2 (94)
101.3 kPa Abs. (14.7 psi Abs.)
A
Count test time from the moment the conditions in this table are obtained (30 min maximum are allowed for stabilization).
B
Only speed and fuel flow are controlled. Load is used as a verification of engine build and operation.
C
Oil pressure operating specifications apply only to 15W-40 oils. Attempt to maintain these limits for all oils. When oils other than 15W-40 oils fall outside these limits,
explain these deviations from the limits in the comments section of the test report.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 5

 D6618 − 10a
6.22.1 Procurement of Parts—Information concerning pro- provides the analysis. If more than one batch is used, note this
curement of Caterpillar test engines and replacement parts and is in the comments section of the Unscheduled Downtime &
approval of equivalent parts substitutions allowed in this test Maintenance Summary form of the test report with the appro-
method is obtained by contacting Caterpillar Inc.10,13 Other priate percentages of run time.
parts and their sources referred to throughout the procedure are 7.2 Test Oil—Approximately 30 to 34 L (8 to 9 gal) of test
found in the footnotes. Use all Caterpillar parts on a first-in- oil are required for each test.
first-out basis.
6.22.2 All parts for the 1Y73 engine and the 1Y73 Conver- 7.3 Engine Coolant, a mixture of 118 mL (4 fluid oz) Part
sion Kit that are nonconforming by reason of faulty manufac- Number 3P2044 coolant additive (Pencool 200010,17) per 4 L
ture should be discussed with the Engine System Technology (1 gal) of mineral-free water. Mineral-free water is defined as
Department (ESTD) at Caterpillar Inc.10,13 having a mineral content no higher than 34.2 ppm (2 grains/
[Link] The test labs should contact ESTD when they gal) total dissolved solids. A fresh coolant mixture is used for
believe a part is nonconforming: each new test.
[Link] ESTD will determine if they want the part returned, 7.4 Cleaning Materials:
or provide warranty without viewing the part. 7.4.1 Solvent—Use only mineral spirits meeting the require-
[Link] If ESTD determines that the part is nonconforming ments of Specification D235, Type II, Class C for Aromatic
without viewing the part, the test labs will be asked to return Content (0-2% vol), Flash Point (142°F/61°C, min) and Color
the part to their Caterpillar dealer. ESTD will contact the dealer (not darker than +25 on Saybolt Scale or 25 on Pt-Co Scale).
with the information that the part is being returned and provide (Warning—Combustible. Health hazard.) Obtain a Certificate
warranty for it. of Analysis for each batch of solvent from the supplier.
[Link] If ESTD wants to view the part, they will issue a 7.4.2 Dispersant Engine Cleaner—Use Dispersant Engine
Return Goods Authorization Number (RGA) to the test lab and Cleaner10,18 (order by this name) in solution with mineral
send the part and the form to Caterpillar Inc.10,14 spirits where called for in the engine flush procedure.
[Link] If ESTD determines that the part is nonconforming, 7.4.3 General Cleaning Agents—Use sodium bi-sulfate
they will contact the dealer for the test lab and have the dealer (Na2SO4) and tri-sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) in solution with
provide warranty. water in the cooling system flush procedure. (Warning—Eye
[Link] A sample of the RGA Claim Form is shown in Fig. and throat irritants; repeated exposure can cause dermatitis.
1. It should include return goods authorization number, part Wear protective gloves, face mask, or chemical type goggles.)
name, hours on the part, part number, quantity, purchase order
number, date purchased, test lab that purchased the part, 8. Safety
contact person’s name, phone, fax, and address, dealer’s name 8.1 The operating of engine tests can expose personnel and
that sold the part, and measurements or photographs, or both, facilities to a number of safety hazards. It is recommended that
to document the nonconformance. only personnel who are thoroughly trained and experienced in
6.23 Instrumentation, capable of meeting (or exceeding) the engine testing should undertake the design, installation and
calibration tolerances, measuring resolutions, and maximum operation of engine test stands. Each laboratory conducting
system time constants shown in Tables 2-4. engine tests should have its test installation inspected and
approved by its safety department. Provide personnel working
6.24 Crankcase Paint—Inspect crankcases regularly to en-
on the engines with the proper tools, be alert to common sense
sure proper paint coating. Coat crankcases as necessary, using
safety practices, and avoid contact with moving or hot engine
either of two approved coatings.10,15
parts. Guards should be installed around all external moving or
7. Reagents and Materials hot parts. When engines are operating at high speeds, heavy
duty guards are required and personnel should be cautioned
7.1 Fuel—The specified test fuel is Haltermann Products against working alongside the engine and coupling shaft.
0.4 % Sulfur Diesel Test Fuel.10,16 All fuel shall meet the fuel Provide barrier protection for personnel. All fuel, oil lines, and
specifications as shown in Annex A3 and shall be referenced electrical wiring should be properly routed, guarded, and kept
through the ASTM TMC. Approximately 1137 L (300 gal) are in good order. Scraped knuckles, minor burns, and cuts are
required for each test. Include the fuel analysis for the last common if proper safety precautions are not taken. Safety
batch used for the test in the final report. The fuel supplier masks or glasses should always be worn by personnel working
on the engines, and no loose or flowing clothing should be
worn near running engines.
13
Caterpillar Inc., Engine System Technology Department, P.O. Box 610,
Mossville, IL 61552. 8.2 Keep the external parts on the engine and the floor area
14
Caterpillar Inc., Tech Center TC-L, Wing 4, Room 405, 14009 Old Galena Rd., around the engines clean and free of oil and fuel spills. In
Mossville, IL 61552. addition, keep working areas free of all tripping hazards. In
15
Crankcase paint in one gallon cans as Yellow Primer Paint Cat Part #IE2083A,
Primer #A123590, Serial #BIM0115877, B.A.S.F. Part #U27TD005 is available
from B.A.S.F. Coating and Cocorant Division, P.O. Box 1297, Morganton, NC
17
28655; and as Glyptal 1201 Red Enamel, Brownell Outlet, 84 Executive Avenue, Available directly from Nalco, 4639 Corona Drive, Suite 61, Corpus Christi,
Edison, NJ 08817. TX 78441.
16 18
Available from Howell Hydrocarbons and Chemicals, Inc., 1201 South Available from The Lubrizol Corporation, 29400 Lakeland Blvd., Cleveland,
Sheldon Road, P.O. Box 429, Channel View, TX 77530. OH 44092.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 6

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. 1 Return Goods Authorization Claim Form

case of injury, no matter how slight, first aid attention should be 8.3 Equip the test installation with a fuel shut-off valve
applied at once and the incident reported. Personnel should be designed to automatically cut off the fuel supply to the engine
alert for leaking fuel or exhaust gas. Leaking fuel represents a when the engine is not running. A remote station for cutting off
fire hazard, and exhaust gas fumes are noxious. Containers of fuel from the test stand is recommended. Provide suitable
oil or fuel cannot be permitted to accumulate in the testing interlocks so that engine is automatically shut down when any
area. of the following events occur: engine or dynamometer loses

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 7

 D6618 − 10a
TABLE 2 Calibration Tolerances 9.4.1 Whenever visual inspection indicates the need, re-
Parameter Tolerance move all mineral deposits and oil from the cooling system.
Speed, r/min 2 Make the initial coolant charge at the start of the test with
Load NA due to differences within industry. TMC to distilled or de-ionized water and a rust inhibitor (Penncol 2000)
verify each lab during visits.
Fuel flow Absolute error # 0.125 % (see 7.3). The cooling system shall remain full during all
Humidity NA. Already specified. Checked during shutdowns that do not require the cooling system to be drained.
running conditions as outlined in the test
procedure (see form attached)
9.4.2 Make any make-up coolant additions throughout the
Temperatures °C °F test with the same treated water solution. Monitor the cooling
Coolant out 0.25 0.5 system visually at the glass or plastic tube in the 1Y504 water
Coolant in 0.25 0.5
Oil to bearing 0.5 1.0
outlet line assembly. At any indication of vapor formation, the
Intake air 0.5 1.0 coolant will have a clouded appearance. Should this occur
Exhaust 1.0 2.0 during a test, shutdown the engine and check for air leakage on
Pressures
Oil to bearing, psig 0.7 kPa 0.1
the suction side of the water pump or combustion gas leakage
Oil to jet, psig 0.7 kPa 0.1 in the cylinder head. No air is permitted in the system.
Inlet air, in Hg 0.3 kPa 0.1
Exhaust, in Hg 0.3 kPa 0.1 9.5 Engine Cooling System Cleaning—Clean the cooling
Fuel at filter housing., psig 0.7 kPa 0.1 system when visual inspection shows the presence of oil or
Crankcase vacuum, in H2O 0.02 kPa 0.1
grease, mineral deposits, or rust. Heads may be cleaned when
either on or off the engine. Use the following procedure:
9.5.1 Operate the engine long enough to reach oil and water
field current, engine overspeeds, exhaust system fails, room operating temperatures; drain the cooling system.
ventilation fails, or the fire protection system is activated. 9.5.2 Fill the cooling system with a solution of 450 g (1 lb)
Consider an excessive vibration pickup interlock if equipment commercial sodium bisulfate (Na2SO4) to 19 L (5 gal) of
is operated unattended. Provide fixed fire protection equip- water; then run the engine at operating temperature for 1⁄2 h.
ment, and make dry chemical fire extinguishers available at the 9.5.3 Drain and flush the engine with fresh water, and drain
test stands. (Warning—Many ASTM tests use chemicals to the water from the system.
flush engines between tests. Some of these chemicals require 9.5.4 Fill the cooling system with a solution of 450 g (1 lb)
that personnel wear face masks, dust breathers, and gloves of tri-sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) to 38 L (10 gal) of water;
because exothermic reactions are possible. Provide emergency operate the engine for 5 min to ensure complete mixing of the
showers and face rinse facilities when handling materials.) Na3PO4 solution with any material left from the previous flush.
9.5.5 Drain the engine, flush with clear water, and drain
9. Preparation of Apparatus after flushing.
9.1 Supplementary Service Information: 9.5.6 Disassemble the engine, and prepare for the next test.
9.1.1 Caterpillar Service Manual—Engine service informa-
NOTE 2—If the purpose of the system cleaning is to descale only, 9.5.4
tion not found in this test method may be obtained by referring and 9.5.5 can be omitted.
to the Caterpillar Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine Service
Manual (Form No. SENR2074) and parts manual 9.6 Instrumentation Calibration Requirements:
SEBP1299.10,13 9.6.1 General Requirements:
9.1.2 Pretest Maintenance Check List and Continuing En- [Link] Calibrate all facility read-out instrumentation used
gine Inspection—A recommended list of items that are checked for the test immediately prior to commencing a test stand
or replaced at the intervals specified is shown in Table 5. calibration. Instrumentation calibrations prior to subsequent
stand calibration tests (that is, those that follow a failed or
9.2 General Engine Inspection:
invalid first attempt) are at the discretion of the test laboratory.
9.2.1 Perform a complete engine inspection every 10 000
Make these calibrations part of the laboratory record (refer to
test hours. This inspection is done to ensure that wearing
Tables 2-4 for specifications).
surfaces, such as main bearings and journals, rod bearings and
[Link] Calibrate on a yearly basis all temperature, pressure,
journals, camshaft bearings, and so forth, are within manufac-
flow, and speed measurement standards with instruments
turer’s specifications. This inspection will terminate the current
traceable to a national bureau of standards (for example, the
test stand calibration (if any). Recalibration is required any
National Bureau of Standards and Technology or its successor
time the crank is removed for any purpose other than bearing
agency for labs operating in the United States). Maintain
replacement.
records of all calibrations for a minimum of two years.
9.2.2 Maintain a complete record of all engine maintenance
and measurements. Retain a description of inspection methods 9.6.2 Specific Humidity Requirements :
along with the maintenance records for review when requested. [Link] Calibrate the primary laboratory humidity measure-
ment system during the first 24 h of each individual stand
9.3 Intake Air System—Prior to each stand calibration test, calibration test using a chilled-mirror dew point hygrometer
inspect the intake air barrel for rust and debris. This may be with an accuracy of at least 6 0.55°C at 24°C (61°F at 75°F)
done through either of the pipe flanges, using a borescope or dew point. The calibration consists of a series of paired
some other optical means. Remove any foreign material. comparison measurements between the primary system and the
9.4 Cooling System: chilled-mirror dew point hygrometer. The comparison period

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 8

 D6618 − 10a
TABLE 3 Operational Specifications, Measurement Resolution, and Reporting Resolution
SI Specification US Customary System (USCS) Specification
Parameter Units Spec Minimum Round Values Units Spec Minimum Round Values
Measurement to the Nearest Measurement to the Nearest
Regulation Resolution
Speed r/min 1800 ± 10 1 Whole number r/min 1800 ± 10 1 Whole number
Power kW 31.3 bhp 42
BMEP kPa 951 psig 138
Fuel rate kJ/min 6172 ± 53 Btu/min 5850 ± 50
Fuel flowA kg/h 8.13 ± 0.07 0.01 Hundredth lb/h 17.92 ± 0.15 0.01 Hundredth
BSFC kg/kWh 0.260 lb/bhp.h 0.427
Humidity g/kg 17.8 ± 1.7 0.1 Tenth grains/lb 125 ± 12 1 Whole number
Oil weight g N/A 1 Whole number lb N/A 0.01 Hundredth
Temperatures
Coolant out °C 87.8 ± 2.8 0.1 Tenth °F 190 ± 5 0.1 Tenth
Coolant in °C 82.8 0.1 Tenth °F 181 0.1 Tenth
Coolant D °C 5 ± 1.0 0.1 Tenth °F 9±2 0.1 Tenth
Oil to bearing °C 96.1 ± 2.8 0.1 Tenth °F 205 ± 5 0.1 Tenth
Inlet air °C 123.9 ± 2.8 0.1 Tenth °F 255 ± 5 0.1 Tenth
Exhaust °C 573 ± 28 1 Whole number °F 1063 ± 50 1 Whole number
Pressures
Oil to bearingB kPa 220.6 Max psig 32 max
Oil to jetB kPa 165.5 ± 13.8 0.1 Tenth psig 24 ± 2 0.1 Tenth
Inlet air (ABS) kPa 179 ± 1 0.1 Tenth in. Hg 53.0 ± 0.3 0.1 Tenth
Exhaust (ABS) kPa 106.7 ± 1.7 0.1 Tenth in. Hg 31.5 ± 0.5 0.1 Tenth
Fuel at filter kPa 137.9 ± 13.8 0.1 Tenth psig 20 ± 2 0.1 Tenth
housing.
Crankcase vac kPa 0.25 ± 0.12 0.01 Hundredth in. H2O 1 ± 0.5 0.1 Tenth
Flows
Coolant flow L/min 57.9 ± 3.8 0.1 Tenth gal/min 15.3 ± 1.0 0.1 Tenth
A
Fuel flow spec is based on the high heating value of 19.590 Btu/lb at an A.P.I. gravity of 35. Fuel spec is 33 to 35 A.P.I. gravity.
B
Oil pressure operating specifications apply only to 15W-40 oils. Attempt to maintain these limits for all oils. When oils other than 15W-40 oils fall outside these limits,
explain these deviations from the limits in the comments section of the test report.

TABLE 4 Maximum Allowable System Time Constants difference shall not exceed 0.648 g (10 grains), and the
Measurements standard deviation shall be less than or equal to 0.324 g (5
Speed 3.0 s grains). Both of these requirements shall be met for the primary
Fuel Flow 73.0 s humidity measurement system to be considered calibrated. If
Temperatures
Coolant Out 3.0 s either of these requirements cannot be met, the laboratory
Coolant In 3.0 s should investigate the cause, make repairs, and recalibrate.
Oil to Bearings 3.0 s
Intake air 3.0 s
Maintain the calibration data for two years.
Exhaust 3.0 s [Link] Recommended Practice—Install drain taps at the
Pressures low points of the combustion air system and keep open during
Oil to Bearings 3.0 s
Oil to Jet 3.0 s shut-down and warm-up.
Intake Air 3.0 s 9.6.3 Specific Coolant Flow Requirements:
Exhaust 3.0 s
Fuel at Filter 3.0 s [Link] As a calibration standard, each test lab is required to
Crankcase Vac. 3.0 s maintain at least one Barco venturi flow meter configured as
shown in Fig. A1.8 and described in 6.16. On a yearly basis,
calibrate this Barco (with its inlet and outlet piping) with an
lasts from 20 min to 2 h with measurements taken at 1 to 6 min instrument traceable to a national bureau of standards (for
intervals, for a total of 20 paired measurements. The measure- example, the National Bureau of Standards and Technology or
ment interval should be appropriate for the time constant of the its successor agency for labs operating in the United States).
humidity measuring instruments. The inlet and outlet piping shall remain with this Barco
[Link] The location of the hygrometer tap is shown in Fig. assembly.
A1.28. The sample line may require insulation to prevent [Link] During the break-in prior to each calibration test,
dropping below dew point temperature and shall not be place this calibrated Barco assembly in the standard mounting
hygroscopic. The flow rate shall be verified to be within the position. Adjust the coolant flow bypass valve until the readout
equipment manufacturer’s specification. equipment being used registers the differential pressure that
[Link] All measurements taken with the dew point hygrom- corresponds to 57.9 L/min (15.3 gal/min) for this calibrated
eter are at atmospheric pressure and corrected to standard Barco assembly.
conditions (101.12 kPa [29.92 in. Hg]) using the perfect gas [Link] After break-in, replace the calibrated Barco assem-
law or Table X1.1 to Table X1.9 in Appendix X1. Compute the bly with the stand’s running Barco assembly. Do not re-adjust
difference between each pair of measurements and use to form the coolant flow bypass valve. Maintain whatever differential
a mean and standard deviation. The absolute value of the mean pressure is registered with the stand Barco at this point

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 9

 D6618 − 10a
TABLE 5 Pretest Maintenance Check ListA and Continuing EngineB Inspection
Item to be checked Remarks
Fuel injection pump adjusting screw (2F8337) Inspect before each test. Replace as necessary.
Fuel injection pump Check pump plunger sector gear for tooth wear—general condition of pump (visual); replace pump
as necessary.
Fuel injection valve Install new before each test. Inspect fuel injection line orifice (both ends) for correct diameter, 1.57
mm (0.062 in.) minimum.
Fuel injection timing 3.81 ± 0.127 mm (0.150 ± 0.005 in.) lift, BPC at 8° BTC.
Injection pump inlet seal (2M4453) Install new before each test.
Filter-fuel system Install when fuel pressure cannot be held within test limits.
Cylinder head New (calibration test only) or reconditioned head for each test. Measure and record valve head and
stem projection. Measure prechamber orifice diameter (7.59 - 7.64 mm [0.299 - 0.301 in.]).
Cylinder head gasket (1Y7960) Install new before each test.
Piston cooling jet Inspect for plugging and proper positioning before each test; use aiming guide. Verify piston-to-
cooling jet clearance.
Water pump and fuel transfer pump belts Inspect and adjust as necessary. (Measure deflection at point midway between pulleys - water and
fuel.)
Belt deflection Force
19.05 mm 111 N
(0.75 in.) (25 lb)
Fuel pressure 138 kPa (20 psi)
Water flow 58.0 L/min (15.3 gal/min)
Crankcase stud seal (1Y2310) Inspect and replace as required. Install with taper down.
Valve tappets Zero lash + 1⁄2 turn hydraulic lash adjusters.C
Piston pin Clearance in rod pin bushing—0.051 mm (0.002 in.) maximum
Fuel pump rack and rack control rod, gov. button, lever, and Check rack for tooth wear—rack control rod for worn ball and socket joints and loose nuts and
sliding sleeve washers. Gov. button and lever for wear and free movement, sliding sleeve for free movement,
bearing condition, and gov. wt. contact and wear.
Valve rotators Inspect for proper operation at start of test and end of test.
Leaks Repair immediately upon detection, particularly fuel, oil, air, exhaust, and coolant.
A
This check list is made to cover the maintenance to be performed before and during each test. Included are those parts, in addition to the piston rings and liner, to be
installed new at the beginning of each test. Replace all gaskets that are disturbed during such disassembly and assembly that takes place between tests or at intermediate
inspections. Carefully inspect seals before their reuse.
B
ENGINE: 1Y73 130 mm (5.125 in.) bore, 165 mm (6.5 in.) stroke.
C
Leakdown time 8–45 s for 3.175 mm (0.125 in.) plunger travel under a 22.68 kg (50 lb) load and filled with kerosene having a viscosity of 35 sus at 21.1°C (70°F).

throughout the duration of the test. Test all non-reference oils clear plastic cover (Fig. A1.12 on the top surface of the
with this stand Barco assembly run at this differential pressure. crankcase, as shown in Fig. A1.17 (View A).
If desired, adjust any readout equipment to make this differ- 9.10.2 For First Stage Flushing with Mineral Spirits:10,20
ential pressure correspond to 57.9 L/min (15.3 gal/min). [Link] Install a clean 1Y5700 element in both the engine
9.7 Engine Crankcase Cleaning—Flush the engine prior to and flushing pump oil filter housings.
each new test. The objective is to remove all deposits from all [Link] Connect the flushing pump (Fig. A1.13) outlet hose
surfaces of all engine cavities prior to each test. In some to the engine oil cooler drain location.
instances, extra cleaning may be required. A finger-wiping [Link] Remove breather assembly 1Y2592 (top portion of
check may be made on less accessible engine surfaces from side cover assembly) and clean separately by soaking in
time-to-time to determine if the engine is clean. mineral spirits. Air-dry.
[Link] Insert the 1Y5 rocker shaft oil line in the center
9.8 Additional Oil Filter—Install a full-flow paper element opening of the clear plastic cover (see Fig. A1.12).
oil filter in the flushing pump unit to remove engine wear [Link] Place the flushing pump inlet line in a clean supply
particles during engine flush. Such particles have been known tank (sample location illustrated in Fig. A1.13) containing 7.6
to cause piston scuffing during subsequent testing.10,19 L (2 gal) of mineral spirits. Open the crankcase drain, start the
9.9 Flushing Procedure Components—Conduct the engine flushing pump, and run this flush material through the engine
flushing procedure with the components shown in Fig. A1.12 into a drain pan one time. Do not recirculate.
through A1.19 (the design for mobilizing the flushing pump [Link] Close the crankcase drain and connect the flushing
arrangement, Fig. A1.13, is optional). Figure A1.17 (Views A pump inlet line to the crankcase drain.
and B) illustrates the use of the flushing components. 9.10.3 For Second Stage Flushing and Recirculating with
9.10 Flushing Procedures—Use the following flushing pro- Cleaning Mixture—Mix 1.9 L (1⁄2 gal) of dispersant engine
cedure: cleaner (see Footnote 19) with 5.7 L (1 1⁄2 gal) of mineral
9.10.1 Rotate the crankshaft until the top end of the con- spirits to obtain 7.6 L (2 gal) of flushing solution. Add this
necting rod is below the cylinder block bore in the top of the mixture to the crankcase.
crankcase. Install the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or [Link] Connect the flushing pump outlet line to the engine
oil cooler drain location. Open the crankcase drain valve, start

19
TEI CLR engine oil filter housing #2418 and filter element #3105 have been
20
found satisfactory for this use. Available from Test Engineering, Inc., 12758 Available from UNOCAL Chemicals Division, 7010 Mykawa Street, Houston,
Cimarron Path, Suite 102, San Antonio, TX 78429. TX 77033.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 10

 D6618 − 10a
the flushing pump, and circulate the flushing solution through [Link] Charge the engine again with 4.7 L (5 qt) of test oil,
the engine for approximately 15 min. Turn off the pump. (Do and repeat the procedure described in 9.10.2. During this flush,
not drain the flushing solution from the crankcase.) check the alignment of the piston cooling nozzle and adjust, if
[Link] Close the oil cooler drain valve, disconnect the necessary. Before any such adjustment, make sure that the
flushing pump outlet hose from the oil cooler drain location, oil-stream condition has stabilized, that is, a steady stream of
and connect to the crankcase sprayer (Fig. A1.14). oil impinges the piston indicating that the oil pressure has
[Link] Remove the 1Y5 oil line from the cover hole, insert attained a constant value. After draining the oil, install a clean
the crankcase sprayer through the opening in the PMMA cover. element in the engine oil filter housing. Reinstall crankcase
Start the flushing pump, and spray the interior of the crankcase breather assembly 1Y2592.
by slowly moving the sprayer around and into all accessible 9.10.6 Test Oil Flushing—When the test oil is not available
areas of the crankcase (see Fig. A1.17, View A) for approxi- and the engine test start will be delayed: follow the steps up to
mately 10 min. Turn off the pump. (Do not drain the flushing [Link]. However, in [Link], use buildup oil10,21 in place of
solution from the crankcase). test oil. When a test oil is scheduled for the engine, perform the
[Link] Remove the 1⁄2 in. pipe plug from the modified following steps:
1Y1990 governor housing cover (see Fig. A1.15). Insert the [Link] Connect the flushing pump outlet to the engine oil
crankcase sprayer (Fig. A1.14) through the opening in the cooler drain location. Using the flushing pump, add 4.7 L (5 qt)
governor housing cover, start the pump, and spray the interior of test oil to the engine crankcase through the engine oil cooler.
of the governor housing for approximately 10 min. Turn off the Start the flushing pump, and force the build-up oil out the
pump. (Do not drain the flushing solution from the crankcase.) crankcase drain. After the build-up oil has been forced out of
[Link] Remove the oil filler spout assembly from the front the system, connect the inlet line of the flushing pump to the
of the crankcase, and install the front cover sprayer (see Fig. crankcase drain. Set and maintain oil pressure at 207 kPa (30
A1.16) as shown in Fig. A1.17. psi). By hand, turn the engine five revolutions, and continue to
[Link] Connect the flushing pump outlet to a 64 mm× 13 run the pump for 4 min. Turn off the pump, and drain all oil
cm (1⁄2 in. × 5 in.) pipe on the front cover sprayer (see Fig. from the engine crankcase, governor housing, oil filter, and oil
A1.16). Start the flushing pump, and spray the interior of the cooler. Discard the oil drained.
front cover for approximately 10 min. Drain the crankcase, [Link] Repeat the procedure described in [Link]. After
governor, oil filter, and oil cooler; and discard the flushing draining the oil, install a clean element in the engine oil filter
solution. housing and prepare the engine for break-in.
9.10.4 Using Mineral Spirits—Repeat [Link] through 9.10.7 An instruction sheet for technician use during the
[Link] until the mineral spirits discharge is clean. (Three to engine cleaning is shown in Fig. 2.
four flushes with mineral spirits are usually sufficient to 9.11 Piston Cleaning Preparation —Clean new pistons
remove all traces of the flushing solution from the engine.) using the following procedure before the installation of rings
Drain the mineral spirits from the crankcase, governor housing, and final installation into the engine:
oil filter, and oil cooler. 9.11.1 Spray with mineral spirits and dry with compressed
9.10.5 Test Oil Flushing—When engine is to be used imme- air. (Warning—High concentration of vapors should be
diately: avoided. Use vented hood, face shield, gloves (same precau-
[Link] Prepare for the flush with the test oil by blocking tions as for gasoline).)
off the 1Y5 oil line to the rocker arm shaft and installing the 6.4 9.11.2 Using a lint-free cloth, wipe clean the entire piston
mm (1⁄4 in.) fitting (see Fig. A1.18) on the open end of the line. with pentane, paying special attention to ring groove and land
Close all drain openings. areas. Allow the piston to air dry.
[Link] Using the flushing pump, add 4.7 L (5 qt) of test oil 9.11.3 Wipe the piston with Mobil EF-41110,21 before final
to the engine crankcase through the engine oil cooler. installation into the engine.
[Link] Connect the flushing pump outlet to the engine oil 9.12 Cylinder Head:
cooler drain location. Start the flushing pump, and force any 9.12.1 Valve Guide Bushings—Remove and replace the
mineral spirits in the system out the crankcase drain. After the 1Y448 and 1Y449 valve guide bushings with 1Y457 valve
mineral spirits have been forced out of the system, connect the guide bushings (inlet) and 1Y469 valve guide bushing (ex-
inlet line of the flushing pump to the crankcase drain. Install haust). The new guides have the I.D. (inside diameter) threaded
the dummy piston (reference service manual SENR207410,13) and require either reaming (see [Link]) or honing (see
and the assembled cylinder liner and block assembly or the [Link]) after installation in the cylinder head. The required
alignment fixture specified in Fig. A1.19. Re-install the oil procedure is as follows:
filler spout and pipe plug in the modified governor housing [Link] Install the 1Y469 and 1Y457 bushings into the
cover (see Fig. A1.15). bores in the cylinder head.
[Link] Open the crankcase drain and start the flushing
pump. Set and maintain the oil pressure at 207 kPa (30 psi).
With the starter or dynamometer, turn the engine over for 1 21
Non-compounded oil ISO VG (SAE 20) (see Classification D2422) is
min. Turn off the pump, and drain all oil from the engine
available from lubricant marketers. One supplier is Mobile Corporation. The Mobile
crankcase, governor housing, oil filter, and oil cooler. Discard product is designated EF-411 and is available from Mobile Corporation, Illinois
the oil drained. Order Board, P.O. Box 66940, AMF O’Hare, IL 60666. Ask for P/N 47503-8.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 11

 D6618 − 10a
FIG. 2 Caterpillar Engine Cleaning Procedures
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 12
 D6618 − 10a
[Link] Ream the I.D. of both bushings in successive steps the test. Use a new piston, ring set, and cylinder liner for each
with the following reamers as required to obtain the clearances new test. Measure and report compression ratio at the start of
listed in [Link]: 12.52 mm (0.4930 in.), 12.55 mm (0.4940 the test.
in.), 12.57 mm (0.4950 in.), 12.59 mm (0.4955 in.), 12.60 mm 9.14.1 Initial Cylinder Liner Measurements—Assemble the
(0.4960 in.), and 12.61 mm (0.4965 in.). cylinder head, block, and liner with specified stud nut torque.
[Link] Hone valve guide I.D. by using mandrel mounted [Link] Measure the 1Y3590, 1Y3995, or 5H5657 liner in
honing stones.10,22 A continuous flow of honing oils is re- both transverse and longitudinal directions relative to the
quired. Turn the mandrel at slow speed (300 to 400 r/min) until crankshaft to ensure that the out-of-round and taper conditions
the final size, as listed in [Link] is obtained. In general, honed are within specified tolerances. Take measurements from
guides produce more uniform stem-to-guide clearances, result- underneath at 25 mm (1 in.) intervals for 23 cm (9 in.), starting
ing in longer service life of valves and guides. 25 mm (1 in.) from the top of the liner.
[Link] The reamed stem-to-guide clearance shall be 0.013 [Link] Determine the out-of-round condition for each 25
to 0.051 mm (0.0005 to 0.0020 in.). The honed stem-to-guide mm (1 in.) interval: It shall not exceed 0.038 mm (0.0015 in.).
clearance shall be 0.025 to 0.051 mm (0.0010 to 0.0020 in.). [Link] The taper measurement compares the diameters
All measurements shall be made using a direct reading dial from 25 mm (1 in.) to 23 cm (9 in.) for both transverse and
bore gage in the guide and micrometer on the valve stem. Valve longitudinal positions; the maximum difference shall not ex-
stem drag shall not exceed 26 N (6 lbs). ceed 0.051 mm (0.0020 in.).
(1) Usual final size for intake guide: 12.59 or 12.60 mm [Link] Measure liner surface finish. Record all measure-
(0.4955 or 0.4960 in.). ments on the Liner Measurements form of the test report.
(2) Usual final size for exhaust guide: 12.57 or 12.59 mm 9.14.2 Post Test Wear Measurements for Liner Step
(0.4950 or 0.4955 in.). Wear—At the end of the test, determine the liner wear step in
[Link] Thoroughly clean the reamed valve guide bushing both transverse and longitudinal directions by using a surface
with mineral spirits or hot water, detergent, and stiff brush. profile measurement. Remove deposits on the liner above the
[Link] Grind the valve seats and faces in accordance with piston ring travel. Take transverse and longitudinal measure-
the dimensions for the 1Y73 engine as specified in the ments at the wear step location approximately 20 to 25 mm
Caterpillar, Inc. Service Manual for Single Cylinder Oil Test (0.75 to 1 in.) from the top of the liner at four locations. Record
Engine for Diesel Lubricants, Form No. SENR2074.10,13 the measurements as liner wear on the Liner Measurements
[Link] Thoroughly clean the entire cylinder head and form of the test report.
valves after grinding. Prelube the valve stems and guides with 9.14.3 Ring End Gap—Determine wear on the rings by
Mobil EF-411.10,21 measuring the gap width before and after the test with the ring
[Link] Insert a rubber O-ring (p/n 8F9206) into the confined in a 13.02 cm (5.125 in.) inside diameter ring gage.
3H5867 valve spring retainer for all 1M-PC tests. Inspect this Remove all deposits from the end of the rings after the deposit
O-ring for hardness or cracking during cylinder head recondi- inspection and before the final ring gap measurements. Record
tioning and replace as necessary. the difference between these two measurements as ring gap
9.12.2 Precombustion Chamber Inspection and increase or wear on the Ring Measurements form of the test
Maintenance—Maintain the orifice diameter of the precombus- report.
tion chamber, Part Number 6H1528, at 7.620 6 0.025 mm
9.14.4 Ring Side Clearance:
(3.300 6 0.001 in.). Inspect and measure the orifice prior to
[Link] Before and after the test, measure the piston ring
installation of the cylinder head on the engine at the start of the
side clearance of all rings. Make the after-test measurements
1M-PC test method. Any measurement that is out of the 7.620
before the rings are removed from the piston and with the
6 0.025 mm (0.300 6 0.001 in.) diameter limit or shows any
accumulated deposits in place. Record all measurements on the
indication of ovality requires the replacement of the precom-
Ring Measurements form of the test report. Measure side
bustion chamber.
clearances as follows:
9.13 Fuel Nozzle—Inspect the nozzle tip for carbon build-up (1) Insert thickness (feeler) gage underneath the piston ring.
and deformed surfaces, and replace questionable nozzles. (2) Slide gage around the piston while holding ring in gently
Check the valve opening pressure before each test. Refer to the at the point of measurement to determine the minimum and
service manual for additional information. maximum clearance to the nearest 0.013 mm (0.0005 in.)
9.14 Measurement—Measure the piston, rings, cylinder (3) Use of gage requires firm but smooth horizontal pull. If
liner, and fuel timing before the start and at the completion of gage movement is not firm or requires undue stress to move it,
adjust the thickness up or down as required.
22
Parts P-180 (Honall Head and Driver Group), PK-16-A (Adapter), JK (4) Repeat [Link] (1), (2), and (3), being careful not to
16-495AS (Mandrel), LN 3703 (Stone Retainer), K16-J68 (Stones), S-495 (Truing force ring or gage against any deposit build up.
Stone), MAN-845-5 (Honing Oil), P-300 (Dial Bore Gauge), and P-500 (Gauge
Probe) are available from Valve Guide Honing & Measurement Equipment, Sunnen [Link] Calculate ring side clearance loss from:
Products Company, 7910 Manchester Road, St. Louis, MO 63143. Ringmaster Set Maxbefore 2 Maxafter or Minbefore 2 Minafter (1)
067-30-010-3 (used to set P-300 gauge) available from Ralmike’s Tool-A-Rama,
4505 South Clinton Avenue, South Plainfield, NJ 07080. D-30LR-4 Air Drill-400r/ whichever is greater. Report zero in cases where loss of side
min available from Stanley Tools Division, 700 Beta Drive, Cleveland, OH 44141.
Pd-3-3/8 Air Drill and Small Parts Washers available from Local Distributors of clearance is less than zero.
Snap-On Tools, Kenosha, WI. [Link] Side clearance specification for new parts is:

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 13

 D6618 − 10a
(1) Top ring, 0.185 mm maximum (0.0073 in.) to 0.114 mm and the engine is still hot, drain the crankcase, governor
minimum (0.0045 in.) housing, oil cooler, and lubricating oil filter housing for 30
(2) Two intermediate rings, 0.122 mm maximum (0.0048 min. Use the drain cocks provided.
in.) to 0.076 mm minimum (0.0030 in.) 10.2 Pre-Test Preparations:
(3) Oil ring, 0.076 mm maximum (0.0030 in.) to 0.038 mm 10.2.1 Weigh 4.8 6 0.11 kg (10.6 6 0.25 lb) of oil into the
minimum (0.0015 in.) engine.
9.14.5 Compression Ratio: 10.2.2 Perform warm-up as described in 10.3.
[Link] Determine the compression ratio before starting the
test. Essential to measuring compression ratio is piston-to-head 10.3 Warm-up Procedure:
clearance. Determine this dimension by using 2.41 to 2.67 mm 10.3.1 Perform Steps 1, 2, and 3 of Table 7 for all starts
(0.095 – 0.105 in.) diameter lead shot. These lead pieces are except break-in.
held on the top of the piston with light grease. The location 10.3.2 When finished with warm-up, turn on inlet air
pattern for the lead shot is shown in Fig. A1.20. With the piston heating elements and bring stand to test conditions (see Table
approximately halfway up on the stroke the cylinder head is 1).
installed and torqued to the standard torque specifications. Turn 10.4 Operating Conditions—During this test, target all con-
the engine over top center by hand, remove the head and block trolled parameters to the specified mean. Run the engine
assembly, and measure the thickness of the lead shot to obtain continuously for 120 h at the conditions shown in Table 1.
the piston-to-head clearance. The average piston-to-head clear- 10.5 Periodic Measurements:
ance shall measure 1.30 6 0.127 mm (0.051 6 0.005 in.). 10.5.1 Except engine air flow rate, record the parameters
[Link] Use multiple block gaskets (1Y3698) to adjust listed in Table 1 hourly as snapshots. Record values as found
clearance. If the piston-to-head measurement exceeds the before adjustments are made to correct to the specification
tolerance specification, check the crankshaft main and rod mean. These recorded values show the engine conditions
journals, connecting rod and main bearings, piston pin, and actually present at each hour of the test. (They are not averages
bushing for excessive wear. If these dimensions are not all computed from data logged during the test hour.) Make
within specifications, consult Caterpillar before any standard corrections to each hourly humidity reading for nonstandard
1M-PC test is started. barometric conditions, using additive correction factors de-
9.14.6 Piston Ring Gap Location—Install the piston in the rived from the perfect gas law equation (see 9.6.2).
engine in accordance with standardized ring gap location. Use 10.5.2 Also record and report the following data:
the 1Y3589 piston and 1Y3588 ring set. See Fig. A1.22 for ring [Link] Crankcase blowby, m3/h (ft3/h), once each 12-h
gap locations. period. (A minimal increase in crankcase pressure is allowed
10. Procedure for a time period no greater than 4 min when switching from a
normal operating system to the blowby measuring system.)
10.1 Engine Break-in—Weigh in 4.8 6 0.11 kg (10.6 6 .25 [Link] Engine load (should be approx. 31.3 kW or 42
lb) of oil. For non-reference tests, take a 240 mL (8 oz) sample bhp).
of the oil for use in the 40°C initial viscosity measurement [Link] The weight of all oil added and drained and the
reported on the Operational Summary form of the test report. engine hours at that time.
Perform break-in per Table 6. When the cooldown is complete [Link] Document instances of missing or bad test data in
the comments section of the Unscheduled Downtime and
TABLE 6 Break-in Conditions Maintenance Summary form of the test report. If a test has
StepA greater than 4-h data acquisition on any controlled parameter,
1 2 3 4 5B the test is operationally invalid. Note any alternate method of
Speed, r/min 1000 1000 1600 1800 1800 ± 10
7.5 17.1 24.6 31.3
Load, kW (bhp) Idle (10) (23) (33) (42)
Fuel rate 1.36 2.27 4.72 6.88 8.13 ± 0.07
TABLE 7 Warm Up
kg/h (lb/h) (3.0) (5.0) (10.42) (15.16) (17.92 ±0.15)
Bearing oil temp. 82.0 96.1 ± 2.8 1 2 3
°C (°F) (180) (205 ± 5) Speed, r/min 1000 1000 1600
Jet pressureC 158.6 158.6 158.6 165.5 165.5 7.5 17.1
kPa (psi), min. (23) (23) (23) (24) (24) Load, kW (bhp) Idle (10) (23)
Water oil temp. 71.0 71.0 87.8 ± 2.8 Fuel rate 1.36 2.27 4.72
°C (°F) (160) (160) (190 ± 5) kg/h (lb/h) (3.0) (5.0) (10.42)
Air inlet temp. 76.7 123.9 ± 2.8 Jet pressureA 158.6 158.6 158.6
C° (°F) (170) (255 ± 5) kPa (psi), min (23) (23) (23)
Air inlet pressure 118.0 118.0 135.0 135.0 179±1 Water out temp. 71.0
kPa (in. Hg Absolute) (35.0) (35.0) (40.0) (40.0) (53 ± 0.3) C° (°F) (160)
Time, minutes 5 5 10 20 20 Air inlet pressure 118.0 118.0 135.0
A kPa (in. Hg absolute) (35.0) (35.0) (40.0)
Follow standard cool down procedure (see Table 8).
B Time, min 5 10 15
Measure blowby over last 15 min of the break-in record.
C A
Oil pressure operating specifications apply only to 15W-40 oils. Attempt to Oil pressure operating specifications apply only to 15W-40 oils. Attempt to
maintain these limits for all oils. When oils other than 15W-40 oils fall outside these maintain these limits for all oils. When oils other than 15W-40 oils fall outside these
limits, explain these deviations from the limits in the comments section of the test limits, explain these deviations from the limits in the comments section of the test
report. report.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 14

 D6618 − 10a
data acquisition in the comment section of the Unscheduled TABLE 8 Cool Down
Downtime and Maintenance Summary form of the test report. 3 2 1
Speed, r/min 1600 1000 1000
10.6 Engine Oil Level—With the bayonet oil level gage 17.1 7.5
housing lowered, use the following procedure for measuring Load, kW (bhp) (23) (10) Idle
the crankcase oil level: Fuel rate 4.72 2.27 1.36
kg/h (lb/h) (10.42) (5.0) (3.0)
10.6.1 Withdraw the bayonet gage and wipe free of oil. Jet pressureA 158.6 158.6 158.6
10.6.2 Insert the bayonet gage with the numerals facing the kPa (psi), min. (23) (23) (23)
operator. Water out temp. 71.0
°C (°F) (160)
10.6.3 Count off 5 s. Air inlet pressure 135.0 118.0 118.0
10.6.4 Withdraw the bayonet gage and read the oil level. kPa (in. Hg Absolute) (40.0) (35.0) (35.0)
Time, min 5 5 5
10.7 Oil Addition Procedure—Use the following steps when A
Oil pressure operating specifications apply only to 15W-40 oils. Attempt to
making oil additions: maintain these limits for all oils. When oils other than 15W-40 oils fall outside these
10.7.1 At the end of the run-in, drain all the engine oil for 30 limits, explain these deviations from the limits in the comments section of the test
min and weigh in 4.8 6 0.11 kg (10.6 6 0.25 lb) of fresh oil. report.

10.7.2 During the first hour of the test, when the oil
temperature reaches 96 6 2.8°C (205 6 5°F), record the
crankcase level as the Full Mark. for tests with planned shutdowns (for reasons other than those
10.7.3 Calculate the following levels: normally permitted) with the TMC.
[Link] Drain Level is two units below the Full Mark. 10.10 Fuel System—Bleed the fuel lines free of air prior to
[Link] Low Level is two and one-half units below the Full each test or if fuel is drained from the engine fuel system for
Mark. any reason.
[Link] Emergency Add Level is three units below the Full
Mark. 10.11 Brake Specific Oil Consumption (BSOC)
10.7.4 At the end of each 12-h period, check the crankcase Calculation—Calculate the BSOC for the test as follows:
oil level and perform the following: ~ sum of adds! 2 ~ sum of drains!
(2)
[Link] If the oil level is above the Full Mark, drain to a ~ 120 3 average engine power!
level of Drain Level and weigh in 0.8 6 0.22 kg (1.76 6 0.05
BSOC greater than 1.216 g/kW-h (0.002 lb/bhp-h) will
lb) of fresh oil.
invalidate the test. Plot each 12-h oil consumption point and
[Link] If the oil level is between the Full Mark and the
include as the Oil Consumption Plot form of the test report.
Drain Level, drain oil from the engine until the oil level is at
the Drain Level. Add 0.8 6 0.22 kg (1.76 6 0.05 lb) of fresh 11. Inspection
oil.
11.1 Preparation—Use a clean, soft, dry cloth (for example,
[Link] If the oil level is between Drain Level and Low
cotton outing flannel) free from any solvents or polishes, and
Level, add 0.8 6 0.22 kg (1.76 6 0.05 lb) of fresh oil.
wipe the test piston free of oil film.
[Link] If the oil level is below the Low Level, add enough
oil to the engine to bring it up to the Full Mark. 11.2 Inspection—Inspect the piston and liner, and photo-
10.7.5 If the oil level falls below the Emergency Add Level graph the piston at the end of the test. Make a complete written
at any time during the test, add 0.8 6 0.22 kg (1.76 6 0.05 lb) description of the inspection. Remove all rings from the piston
of fresh oil. before it is photographed. Determine and record cylinder liner
and piston ring wear. Inspect the piston, rings, and liner in
10.8 Cool-Down Procedure—Except for emergency (un-
accordance with the report forms shown in CRC Manual
controlled) stops, use the following procedure prior to all
20,10,23 with the following exceptions:
engine shutdowns including the break-in: Stop counting test
11.2.1 Use a Sylvania 8-in. circular bulb, 20 W, cool white,
time at the start of Stage 3 in Table 8. Turn off all heater
Part # FC8T9-CW-RS10,24 in the rating lamp.
elements and let air temperature cool normally.
11.2.2 Conduct routine maintenance, such as bulb replace-
10.9 Shutdowns: ment, fixture cleaning, and booth repainting, on a regular basis.
10.9.1 For all occurrences, report the test hours and length 11.2.3 Have a probe available for use in identifying ques-
of time down on the Unscheduled Downtime and Maintenance tionable carbon-like deposits.
Summary. If the cool-down procedure is not used, identify the 11.2.4 Use the recommended 20-segment template to obtain
shutdown as an emergency shutdown. In the event of an maximum precision. Each segment, which represents a 5 %
emergency shutdown, maintain a 2-h off-test condition for area, should not be broken down into areas smaller than 1 %.
engine cooling before restarting. Maximum allowable down- 11.2.5 Evaluate only three levels of carbon in the piston
time for the duration of the test is 125 h. Minimize the total grooves. They are defined as follows:
downtime of the test. To protect deposits, rotate the engine to
top dead center of the compression stroke during shutdowns.
23
Available from Coordinating Research Council, 219 Perimeter Ctr. Pkwy.,
10.9.2 An excessive number of emergency or regularly
Atlanta, GA 30346.
scheduled shutdowns that reasonably could have been pre- 24
Available from Newark Electrical Corp., 500 N. Pulaski Road, Chicago, IL
vented will influence test acceptability. Pre-arrange schedules 60624.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 15

 D6618 − 10a
[Link] Heavy Carbon—Carbon that will take up the whole 12.3.2 An example of test numbering:
space between the back of the ring and the back of the groove 1M-PC Test TextX
and the lesser levels of carbon that exhibit polished areas due 1st Test 1 Ref. Fail
2nd Test 2A Ref. Fail
to an excessive amount of carbon on the back of the ring with 3rd Test 3B Ref. Fail
relative ring movement. 4th Test 4 Ref. Fail
[Link] Medium Carbon—Carbon that will take up to 5th Test 5A Ref. Pass
6th Test 6C Ref. Pass
between approximately one-quarter to just less than the whole 7th Test 7 Candidate
space between the back of the ring and the back of the groove. 8th Test 8 Candidate
[Link] Light Carbon—Carbon that will take up to approxi-
12.4 Definition of Test—A test (or test start) is defined, for
mately one-quarter of the space between the back of the ring
purposes of this test method, as any engine test time accumu-
and the back of the groove.
lated in accordance with this test method.
11.2.6 Evaluate only two levels of carbon on the ring lands.
They are defined as follows: 12.5 New Laboratories and New Test Stands:
[Link] Heavy Carbon—Carbon that shows signs of rub- 12.5.1 New Test Stands—A new stand is defined as a test
bing or polishing, or both. engine and support hardware that has never been previously
[Link] Light Carbon—Any other carbon deposit. calibrated under this test method.
11.2.7 For standardization of the interpretation of clean, 12.5.2 New Laboratory—A new laboratory shall have two
keep a new piston in the rating booth for comparison. Replace calibration test passes on approved reference oils to be consid-
this piston daily with another new piston, if possible. ered valid.
11.3 Rater Training—Each lab shall send, on a calendar 12.5.3 Special Circumstances—A laboratory not running a
year basis, a minimum of one heavy duty diesel piston rater to 1M-PC test for twelve months from the start of the last test is
either the Task Force meeting held every spring or expanded considered a new laboratory. Under special circumstances (that
Heavy Duty Piston Rating Workshop held every fall. Each rater is, extended downtime due to industry-wide parts shortage or
shall rate a minimum of six diesel pistons. If this schedule is fuel outages) the TMC may extend the lapsed time require-
not suitable to a particular rater or test lab, then alternative ment. Annotate non-reference tests conducted during an ex-
arrangements shall be made as soon as possible to have the tended time allowance in the comments section of the Un-
rater calibrated. scheduled Downtime and Maintenance Summary form of the
11.4 Referee Ratings—To quickly detect and correct any test report.
shifts in rater severity, all operationally valid calibration tests 12.6 Frequency of Calibration Tests:
shall be refereed. Obtain referee ratings only from another 12.6.1 A calibration test on a reference oil assigned by the
calibrated test lab. Wrap all pistons being shipped for referee TMC is required after no more than 14 test starts or after six
ratings in paper, place in plastic with the CRC approved months from the start date of the last acceptable calibration test
desiccant,10,25 and then seal before placing in any other (whichever comes first). The 1M-PC calibration run is not
shipping container. counted as one of the 14 test starts; however, all other test starts
are counted. The TMC is permitted to move up or extend
12. Calibration of Test Method reference tests to enhance reference test program design and
12.1 Requirements—To maintain test consistency and sever- test severity monitoring. If a reference test calibration period is
ity levels, engine test stand calibrations are required at regular extended beyond the normal duration, note this fact in the
intervals. comments section of the Unscheduled Downtime and Mainte-
12.2 Reference Oils—The reference oils used to calibrate nance Summary form of the test report for all subsequent
1M-PC test stands have been formulated or selected to repre- non-reference tests. Also attach written confirmation from the
sent specific chemical types and performance levels. They are TMC to the report.
available from the ASTM TMC. The TMC will assign refer- 12.6.2 Start any non-reference test prior to the expiration of
ence oils for calibration tests. These oils are supplied under the calibration period.
code numbers (blind reference oils). 12.7 Guidelines for Adjustments to Calibration Periods—
12.3 Test Numbering: Reference oil test frequency may be adjusted for the following
12.3.1 Number each 1M-PC test to identify the test stand reasons:
number and the test run number. Number all runs sequentially. 12.7.1 Procedural Deviations—On occasions when a labo-
Append repeat calibration runs with a letter (also sequential). ratory becomes aware of a significant deviation from the test
Maintain the letter suffix sequencing for each test type calibra- method, such as might arise during an in-house review or a
tion until the calibration has been accepted. Any test start, TMC inspection, the laboratory and the TMC shall agree on an
regardless of type, increments the run number. Test start is appropriate course of action to remedy the deviation. This
defined in 12.4. action may include the shortening of existing reference oil
calibration periods.
25
12.7.2 Parts and Fuel Shortages—Under special circum-
A list of approved desiccants can be obtained from CRC. No-Wrap Rust
Inhibitor Rectangle has been found satisfactory. Available from Alling and Cory Co., stances, such as industry-wide parts or fuel shortages, the
12555 Berea Road, Cleveland, OH 44111. surveillance panel may direct the TMC to extend the time

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 16

 D6618 − 10a
intervals between reference oil tests. These extensions shall not 12.11 Acceptance of Calibration Tests—Refer to the TMC’s
exceed one regular calibration period. Lubricant Test Monitoring System (LTMS) for calibration test
12.7.3 Reference Oil Test Data Flow—To ensure continuous targets and acceptance criteria.
severity and precision monitoring, calibration tests are con- 12.12 Failing Reference Oil Calibration Tests:
ducted periodically throughout the year. There may be occa-
12.12.1 Failure of a calibration test to meet test acceptance
sions when laboratories conduct a large portion of calibration
bands can indicate a testing stand problem, testing laboratory
tests in a short period of time. This could result in an
problem, or industry-wide problem, or it can be a false alarm.
unacceptably large time frame when very few calibration tests
When this occurs, the laboratory, in conjunction with the TMC,
are conducted. The TMC can shorten or extend calibration
must attempt to determine the problem source.
periods as needed to provide a consistent flow of reference oil
test data. Adjustments to calibration periods are made such that 12.12.2 In the determination of the problem, TMC will
laboratories incur no net loss (or gain) in calibration status. decide, with input as needed from industry expertise (testing
laboratories, test developer, ASTM Technical Guidance Com-
12.7.4 Special Use of the Reference Oil Calibration mittee, Surveillance Panel, and so forth), if the reason for any
System—The surveillance panel has the option to use the unacceptable blind reference oil test is isolated to one particu-
reference oil system to evaluate changes that have potential lar stand or related to other stands. If it is decided that the
impact on test severity and precision. This option is only taken problem is isolated to an individual stand, calibrated testing on
when a program of donated tests is not feasible. The surveil- other stands can continue throughout the laboratory. Alterna-
lance panel and the TMC shall develop a detailed plan for the tively, if it is decided that more than one stand may be
test program. This plan requires all reference oil tests in the involved, the involved stands will not be considered calibrated
program to be completed as close to the same time as possible, until the problem is identified and corrected and an acceptable
so that no laboratory/stand calibration is left in an excessively reference oil test is completed in one of the involved stands.
long pending status. In order to maintain the integrity of the
reference oil monitoring system, each reference oil test is 12.13 Non-Standard Tests—If non-standard tests are con-
conducted so as to be interpretable for stand calibration. To ducted on the referenced test stand, the stand may, at the
facilitate the required test scheduling, the surveillance panel discretion of the TMC, be required to be recalibrated prior to
may direct the TMC to lengthen and shorten reference oil running standard tests.
calibration periods within laboratories such that the laborato-
12.14 Severity Adjustments and Control Charting:
ries incur no net loss (or gain) in calibration status.
12.14.1 Severity Adjustments—This test method incorpo-
12.8 Donated Reference Oil Test Programs—The Surveil- rates the use of a surveillance panel accepted method of
lance Panel is charged with maintaining effective reference oil calculating a severity adjustment (SA) for non-reference test
test severity and precision monitoring. During times of new results. A control chart technique, described in 12.14.2, has
parts introductions, new or re-blended reference oil additions, been selected for the purpose of identifying when a bias
and procedural revisions, it may be necessary to evaluate the becomes significant. When a significant bias is identified, an
possible effects on severity and precision levels. The surveil- SA is applied to non-reference test results. The SA remains in
lance panel may choose to conduct a program of donated effect until subsequent calibration test results indicate that the
reference oil tests in those laboratories participating in the bias is no longer significant. SAs are calculated and applied on
monitoring system, in order to quantify the effect of a particu- a laboratory basis.
lar change on severity and precision. Typically, the surveillance 12.14.2 Control Chart Technique for SAs—Apply an expo-
panel requests its panel members to volunteer enough reference nentially weighted moving average (EWMA) technique to
oil test results to create a robust data set. Broad laboratory standardized calibration test results. Standardize values using
participation is needed to provide a representative sampling of D/s (result - target) / standard deviation). The targets and
the industry. To ensure the quality of the data obtained, donated standard deviations are published by the TMC. Include all
tests are conducted on calibrated test stands. The surveillance operationally valid calibration tests in a laboratory control
panel shall arrange an appropriate number of donated tests and chart. Chart tests in order of completion. Record completion of
ensure completion of the test program in a timely manner. tests by end of test (EOT) date and time. Report EOT as hour
12.9 Procedural Deviations—On occasions when a labora- and minute in accordance with the 24-h clock (1 a.m. = 1:00,
tory becomes aware of a significant deviation from the test 1 p.m = 13:00). Reporting test completion time enables the
method, such as might arise during an in-house review or a TMC to properly order tests that are completed on the same
TMC inspection, the laboratory and the TMC shall agree on an day for industry plotting purposes. Report calibration tests to
appropriate course of action to remedy the deviation. This the TMC in order of test completion. A minimum of two tests
is required to initialize a control chart. Calculate EWMA
action may include the shortening of existing reference oil
values, using the following equation:
calibration periods.
Z i 5 lY i 1 ~ 1 2 l ! Z i21 (3)
12.10 Specified Test Parameters—The specified test param-
eters for determination of test acceptance are: where:
12.10.1 Top groove fill, percent area. Z0 = 0,
12.10.2 Weighted total deposits, demerits. Yi = standardized test result,

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 17

 D6618 − 10a

Zi = EWMA of the standardized test result at test order i, [Link] Include an explanation for any data used in the
and calculation of the percentages that are edited. List the data
l = the appropriate l from the LTMS document. before they are edited, the new value, and the explanation for
the change in the comments section of the Unscheduled
If the absolute value of EWMA, rounded to three places after
Downtime and Maintenance Summary form of the test report.
the decimal, exceeds the alarm limit established in the LTMS
[Link] Record these values on the Operational Summa-
document, then apply an SA to subsequent non-reference
ry–Offset And Deviation form of the test report.
results.
[Link] Carry each percent out calculation to three sig-
12.14.3 Calculation of SA—Compute and apply EWMA and nificant digits (see Table 9).
SA values as shown in the following example. Please note that [Link] Round the calculated average used in the percent
test targets are presented for example only. off calculation to the measurement resolution shown in Table 2.
[Link] Severity Adjustment Calculation Example: See example in Table 9.
Applicable Test Targets: Mean = 40.8; Standard Deviation = 15.9; TGF = 55 Z1 [Link] Round the percent out summation and percent off
= 0.897
Standard Test Result: Y2 = (TGF − Mean)/STD = 0.893
results to the minimum measurement resolution listed in Table
Alarm Limit: 0.653 2 (see example in Table 9).
NOTE 3—Use ASTM rounding rules when carrying out [Link]
through [Link].
EWMA:Z 2 5 0.2Y 2 10.8Z 1 5 0.896 (4)
[Link] An example of the calculation for percent out for
Since 0.896 > 0.653, apply an SA: SA = −1 * EWMA * STD test hour eleven, using the formula shown in [Link], is as
(in the above example, SA = −14). For TGF, the SA is rounded follows:
to a whole percent; for WTD, it is rounded to one decimal 112 2 113 60
place. Enter this number in the appropriate Lab Severity 3 3 100
12 60
Adjustment box and add it to the Unadjusted Lab Rating on the % Out 5 5 0.069 (5)
120
Test Report Summary form of the test report. An SA will
remain in effect until the next calibration test. At that time, [Link] Use the following formula to calculate the per-
calculate a new EWMA and SA. cent out:

12.15 Test Reporting: ? A 2 B? 3 D 3 100

C 60
12.15.1 Report Forms—For reference oil tests, the standard- % Out 5 (6)
120
ized report forms and data dictionary for reporting test results
and for summarizing the operational data are required. All TABLE 9 ExampleA of Percent Out and Percent Off Calculations
report forms making up the 1M-PC final report are available at
NOTE 1—Percent out Summation = 8.33 (Round to 0.01).
the TMC website ([Link] For calibra- Average of the rounded values = 128.6 (round to 0.1).
tion tests, attach the control chart summary page sent to the lab Percent offset = 15.5 (round to 0.1).
from the TMC to the test report. An example of this and other Test Hours Raw Value Rounded Value % Out for Each
forms are shown in Fig. X2.1 of Appendix X2 and Fig. X3.1 of g/kg g/kg Value Rounded to
Appendix X3. 0.001

12.15.2 Deviation Percent and Offset Percent Calculation— 1 18.65 18.7

2 18.65 18.7
Offset percent measures how close any given test parameter is 3 18.55 18.6
run to the target mean. Deviation percent indicates excursions 4 17.96 18.0
5 18.28 18.3
made by any given parameter outside the minimum or maxi-
6 17.96 18.0
mum limit. Calculate them as follows: 7 18.00 18.0
[Link] Round recorded values, if necessary, in accor- 8 17.73 17.7
9 17.59 17.6
dance with the specifications listed on the U.S. Customary 10 16.90 16.9
System (USCS) and SI specifications given in Table 3. 11 15.99 16.0 0.053
12 15.21 15.2 0.437
[Link] Use the test specifications and tolerances listed in 13 18.28 18.3
Table 3 for the percent calculations. 14 18.95 19.0
[Link] Calculate the percent out and percent off, using 15 19.27 19.3
16 19.64 19.6 0.067
the same units as the recorded data. For example, if the test is 17 19.95 20.0 0.221
operated in USCS units, calculate the percentages using USCS 18 19.67 19.7 0.081
units. Do not convert the units before figuring the percentages. 19 19.64 19.6 0.067
20 19.95 20.0 0.221
[Link] The logging frequency used for calculating the 21 18.06 18.1
percentages will be at the discretion of the laboratory, but shall A
This example is for 21 test hours, using humidity measured in grains/lb.
be at least hourly.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 18

 D6618 − 10a
where: 12.16.1 Though referee ratings are required for all opera-
A = recorded test measurement of parameter that is be- tionally valid tests reported to TMC, statistical validity of the
yond test limits prior to any corrective action, test is computed using the ratings produced by the test lab;
B = upper test spec if the measured parameter is out on the referee ratings are used only to reveal rating errors. Report
high side, and the lower test spec if it is out on the low referee results to the TMC on the Referee Rating form of the
side, test report within ten working days of the test completion.
C = specification tolerance of the measured parameter, 12.16.2 The TMC will review all calibration test results to
D = length of deviation in minutes (it cannot be less than determine test acceptability. If the test is judged acceptable, the
the logging frequency), reference oil code along with the industry average for the
60 = conversion factor for min/h, and reference oil, will be disclosed by the TMC. In the event the
100 = conversion factor for percentage units. reference oil test is not acceptable, an explanation of the
Calculate the percent out for each measured parameter, problem relating to the failure is to be provided by the test
based on its logging frequency. Sum the individual percent laboratory. If the problem is not obvious, recheck all test-
out’s to arrive at the final percent out for judging test validity related equipment. If no explanation of the problem is pre-
(see Table 10). sented, it will be assumed that the problem is laboratory-related
[Link] Use the following formula to calculate the per- and another reference oil will be assigned.
cent off: 12.17 Analysis of Reference Oils—Do not submit reference
oils to physical or chemical analyses for identification pur-
% Off 5
?
X̄ 2 SPEC 3 100 ? (7) poses. Identifying the oils by analyses could undermine the
SPEC RANGE
confidentiality required to operate an effective blind reference
where: oil system. Therefore, reference oils are supplied with the
X̄ = average of all readings of the parameter explicit understanding that they will not be subjected to
for the entire test duration, and analyses other than those specified within this test method
SPEC RANGE = the upper spec minus the lower spec, or unless specifically authorized by the ASTM TMC. In such
two times the spec tolerance. cases in which analyses are authorized, supply written confir-
12.15.3 Electronic Data Communication and Data mation of the circumstances involved, the data obtained, and
Dictionary—Use the data dictionary and report forms available the name of the person authorizing the analysis to the ASTM
at the TMC website ([Link] for any TMC.
electronic transmission of data to the TMC. The data dictionary 13. Precision and Bias
lists all variable names given to all fields as well as the
important information about those fields. 13.1 Test precision is established on the basis of reference
oil test results (for operationally valid tests) monitored by the
12.16 Reporting Reference Results—Transmit the calibra- ASTM Test Monitoring Center. The data are reviewed semi-
tion test results by fax or electronic data transmission to the annually by the Single–Cylinder Diesel Surveillance Panel.
ASTM TMC immediately after completion of test analysis. Contact the ASTM TMC for current industry data.
Send these data within seven days of EOT or the test will be 13.1.1 Table 11 summarizes reference oil intermediate pre-
considered invalid. cision and reproducibility of the test. The tabulated values are
current as of Feb. 1, 2005. The Surveillance Panel updates
these values as necessary.
TABLE 10 Allowable Limits for Percent Out and Percent Off 13.1.2 Intermediate Precision Conditions—Conditions
Controlled ParameterA Allowable % Out Allowable % Off where test results are obtained with the same test method using
Speed 5 20
Fuel flow 10 25
the same test oil, with changing conditions such as operators,
Humidity 10 25 measuring equipment, test stands, test engines, and time.
Coolant flow 5 25
Temperatures NOTE 4—Intermediate precision is the appropriate term for this test
Coolant out 5 20 method rather than repeatability which defines more rigorous within-
Oil to bearing 5 20 laboratory conditions.
Intake air 5 20
Pressures
Oil jetB 5 25 TABLE 11 1M-PC Reference Oil Precision Statistics
Intake air 10 25
Exhaust 10 25 NOTE 1—These statistics are based on Test Monitoring Center reference
Fuel at filter housing 5 20 oils between April 8, 1995 and Jan. 24, 2005.
Crankcase vacuum 10 20
Test Parameter Si.p. i.p. SR R
A
The parameters in this table shall be used to judge test validity based on TGF —top groove fill, % 17.3 48.4 17.8 49.8
operational control. Any parameter for a given test with a percent out or percent off WTD—weighted total piston 45.7 128.0 47.0 131.6
that is greater than the specifications listed shall be considered to be operated in deposits, demerits
an invalid manner. Legend:
B
Oil pressure operating specifications apply only to 15W-40 oils. Attempt to Si.p. = intermediate precision standard deviation
maintain these limits for all oils. When oils other than 15W-40 oils fall outside these i.p. = intermediate precision
limits, explain these deviations from the limits in the comments section of the test SR = reproducibility standard deviation
report. R = reproducibility

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 19

 D6618 − 10a
[Link] Intermediate Precision Limit (i.p.)—The difference exceed the values shown in Table 11 in only one case in twenty.
between two results obtained under intermediate precision When only a single test result is available, the Reproducibility
conditions that would, in the long run, in the normal and Limit can be used to calculate a range (test result 6 Repro-
correct conduct of the test method, exceed the values shown in ducibility Limit) outside of which a second test result would be
Table 11 in only one case in twenty. When only a single test expected to fall about one time in twenty.
result is available, the Intermediate Precision Limit can be used
13.2 Bias—Bias is determined by applying an acceptable
to calculate a range (test result 6 Intermediate Precision Limit)
outside of which a second test result would be expected to fall statistical technique to reference oil test results, and when a
about one time in twenty. significant bias is determined, a severity adjustment is permit-
13.1.3 Reproducibility Conditions—Conditions where test ted for non-reference oil test results (see TMC Memorandum
results are obtained with the same test method using the same 94-200, Lubricant Test Monitoring System document for
test oil in different laboratories with different operators using details).
different equipment.
[Link] Reproducibility Limit (R)—The difference between 14. Keywords
two results obtained under reproducibility conditions that 14.1 1M-PC; diesel engines; heavy-duty performance; ring
would, in the normal and correct conduct of the test method, belt deposits; single cylinder test

ANNEXES

(Mandatory Information)

A1. SCHEMATICS

A1.1 See Table A1.1 for the bill of material for surge A1.2 See Figs. A1.1-A1.35 for schematic drawings and
chamber and air heater assembly. information relating to the engine used in this test method.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 20

 D6618 − 10a
TABLE A1.1 Bill of Material - Surge Chamber and Air Heater Assembly
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in inches unless otherwise specified.
Caterpiller
Item
Name Tractor Co. Description No. Req’d Ref Fig.
No.
Part No.
1-1 Surge chamber & heater Assembly 1
1-2 Bolt L1648 ⁄ - 24 thd 2.50 longA
38 1
1-4 Thermostatic switch 2
1-5 Lockwasher 3B4506 Std. for 0.375 dia bolt 20
1-6 Bolt 2A4996 ⁄ - 24 thd 1.375 longB
38 20
1-7 Pressure relief valve 1
1-8 Gasket 0.0312 thickC 1
1-9 Mounting plate 20×12×0.0625 thick SAE steel 1
1-10 Spacer 8B7430 0.750 OD 0.359 ID 0.531 thick SAE steel 4 Fig. A1.23
1-11 Bolt L1590 1⁄4- 28 thd 1.125 long 4
1-12 Lockwasher 3B4504 Std. for 0.250 dia bolt 4
1-13 Nut 1B4201 1⁄4- 28 thd 4
1-14 Electrical junction box 12 × 18 × 4 std pull box w/hinged coverD 1
1-15 Strip heater 24
1-16 Gasket 0.0312 thickC 1
2-1 Assembly 1
2-2 Top ring 1
2-3 Bottom plate 1 Fig. A1.24
2-4 Strap-surge chamber 2
2-5 Hook 2
2-6 Pad 1
3-1 Assembly 1
3-2 Top cover 1
3-3 Inner bracket 1 Fig. A1.25
3-4 Outer bracket 1
4-1 Terminal assembly 5
4-2 Nut ⁄ - 14 thd SAE 73 brass
7 16 29
4-3 Washer Std. for 0.437 dia. bolt 10
4-4 Insulator 1.250 OD 0.453 ID .187 thick Synthane 5 Fig. A1.26
4-5 Stud 7⁄16 - 14 thd 3 long brass 5
4-6 Collar 5
4-7 Insulator assembly 48
4-8 Washer .750 OD .265 ID 0.125 thick Mica 48
4-9 Insulator .500 OD .265 ID 0.0625 thick Synthane 48
4-10 Insulator 1.687×1×0.0625 w/0.265 hold Mica 48
4-11 Bolt 1⁄4-20 thd 1 long 48
4-12 Washer Std. for 0.250 dia bolt 48
4-13 Nut Std. for 1⁄4 20 thd 48
4-14 Electric cable cover 1
4-15 Terminal connector As
Req’d
4-16 Lower bracket assembly 1
A
40°F per turn - normally closed - contacts open with increase of temperature. Turning screw counter-clockwise causes contacts to open at a higher temperature.
B
Set to“ pop off” at 137.9 ± 3.4 kPa (20 ± 0.5 psi.
C
Make gasket to fit top ring (2-2) and pad (2-6).
D
Terminal on element goes to inside of barrel on inner rings and to outside of barrel on outer rings.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 21

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.1 1Y73 Engine Arrangement

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 22

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.2 Suggested Piston Cooling Nozzle Pressure Pick-up

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 23

 D6618 − 10a

NOTE 1—1—Material–mild steel.

2—Two required per engine.
3—Replace mounting bolts 8B5144 with two 6F7024 bolts.
FIG. A1.3 Bayonet Oil Gage Lowering Spacer

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 24

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.4 Crankcase Pressure Control Valve Installation

NOTE 1—3⁄8 in. I.D. Aeroquip hose type 2556-6.

FIG. A1.5 Standardized Engine Fuel System

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 25

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.6 Pressurized 5-in. Cooling Tower

NOTE 1—Legend:
1. ⁄ in. NPT-TO-No. 4 AN (male connector)
14

2. No. 4 Hose
3. Pressure gage 0–15 PSIG
4. Pressure regulator (self bleeding)
5. Radiator cap 15–16 PSIG
6. Radiator filler neck
7. Overflow tube (optional)
8. Overflow tank (optional)
NOTE 2—If the system builds to greater than regulator setting, then condensate will back-flow through regulator.
FIG. A1.7 Cooling System Modification

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 26

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.8 Recommended Cooling System

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 27

 D6618 − 10a

NOTE 1—Legend:
1. Line to fuel cam.
2. Line to rockerarm.
3. Line to accessory shaft.
4. Rear cam bearing
5. Line to piston cooling jet
6. Line, jet pressure pickup.
7. Manifold
8. Oil filter.
9. Oil pan.
10. Bypass line.
11. Oil pump.
12. Oil pump supply line.
13. Oil cooler assembly.
FIG. A1.9 Oil Flow Schematic

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 28

 D6618 − 10a

NOTE 1—If desired, bolt thread may be sealed with 7M7456 bearing mount.
FIG. A1.10 Oil Pump Relief Valve Plug

FIG. A1.11 Remote Mount Oil Pump Relief Valve

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 29

 D6618 − 10a

NOTE 1—Use 1Y3698 gasket as pattern for bolt hole locations.

FIG. A1.12 Clear Plastic Cover

NOTE 1—Portable cart, optional.

FIG. A1.13 Typical Flushing Pump Arrangement

FIG. A1.14 Crankcase/Governor Housing Sprayer

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 30

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.15 Governor Housing Cover Modification

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 31

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.16 Front Cover Sprayer

FIG. A1.17 Flushing Components Location

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 32

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.18 Rocker Oil Line Blocking-off Fitting

FIG. A1.19 Jet Alignment Fixture

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 33

 D6618 − 10a

NOTE 1—Lead shot are oriented with axis of piston as viewed from the top.
FIG. A1.20 Placement Location of Lead Shot

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 34

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.21 Compression Ratio Versus Piston to Head Clearance

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 35

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.22 Piston Ring Gap Orientation

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 36

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.23 Surge Chamber and Air Heater Assembly (1-1)

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 37

 D6618 − 10a
FIG. A1.24 Air Barrel Construction
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 38
 D6618 − 10a
FIG. A1.24 Air Barrel Construction (continued)
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 39
 D6618 − 10a
FIG. A1.24 Air Barrel Construction (continued)
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 40
 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.25 Wiring Diagram for 1Y38 Surge Chamber and Air Heater Assembly

Air Transfer Pipe

1) The IY73 Engine Arrangement or the IY7500 Engine Arrangement modified with the IY7999 High Speed Change-Over Group requires an air
transfer pipe as illustrated in Figs. A1.26-A1.29. It consists of two sections of 2-in. black iron pipe (or equivalent). The 1Y73 Flange, part of the
section attached to the engine, is available as a standard part.

2) A slight bend may be made in one of the sections as long as the inner surface is not rippled and the inside circularity is not distorted. If a
more pronounced bend is required, a 45° or 90° standard welding pipe fitting, illustrated in Fig. A1.27, is recommended. The centerline pipe
distance of the temperature and pressure bosses from the flange face, shown in Figs. A1.28 and A1.29, should be maintained regardless of
pipe curvature in this area.

3) To isolate the surge chamber from engine vibration the two sections are connected with a length of rubber hose as shown in Fig. A1.27. Any
other suitable isolation device may be employed that has an inside diameter of 6.35 ± 1.3 cm (2.5 ± 0.5 in.) and does not alter the total pipe
length of 76 ± 1.3 cm (31.25± 0.5 in.).

4) The IY7500 Engine Arrangement modified with the IY7630 Supercharger Change-Over Group uses an air transfer pipe identical to the one
just described except for the flange on the section attached to the engine. The IY217 Flange shown in Fig. A1.29, available as a standard part,
is used in constructing this section.

FIG. A1.26 Alternate Air Transfer Pipe Arrangements

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 41

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.27 Isolation Hose

FIG. A1.28 Air Transfer Pipe

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 42

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.28 Air Transfer Pipe (continued)

FIG. A1.29 Surge Chamber Outlet Pipe Assembly

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 43

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.30 Exhaust Thermocouple Location

FIG. A1.31 Exhaust Barrel Diagram

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 44

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.32 Exhaust Piping

FIG. A1.33 Exhaust Barrel Flange

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 45

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.34 Exhaust Bellows

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 46

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. A1.35 1Y38 Surge Chamber and Air Heater Assembly

A2. REPORT FORMS

A2.1 Download report forms and data dictionary from the Report Form Table of Contents
ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) Web Page at: http:// 11. Ring Measurements Form 8
12. Liner Measurements Form 9
[Link]/. TMC can also provide hardcopies on 13. Characteristics of the Data Acquisition Form 10
request. System
14. Engine Operational Data Plots Form 11
Report Form Table of Contents
15. Engine Operational Data Plots (2) Form 12
1. Final Report Cover Sheet Cover
16. Oil Consumption Plot Form 13
2. Test Report Summary Form 1
17. Piston and Ring Photographs Form 14
3. Operational Summary Form 2
18. Severity Adjustment History Form 15
4. Operational Summary – Offset and Form 3
19. Fuel Batch Analysis Form 16
Deviation
20. TMC Control Chart Analysis Form 17
5. Piston Rating Summary Form 4
6. Piston Rating Worksheet Form 4a
7. Piston Rating Breakdown Form 5
NOTE A2.1—If the test will be submitted to the registration organization
8. Referee Rating Form 5a as a candidate oil, then use the same forms used for reporting reference
9. CF-2 Rating Form 6 test results and add the ACC Conformance Statement, Form 18.
10. Unscheduled Downtime & Maintenance Form 7
Summary

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 47

 D6618 − 10a

A3. TEST FUEL INFORMATION

A3.1 Test Fuel Specifications and an Example of Required

Fuel Batch Analysis Data is shown in Fig. A3.1

FIG. A3.1 Test Fuel Batch Analysis

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 48

 D6618 − 10a
APPENDIXES

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. CORRECTION FACTOR TABLES

X1.1 See Tables X1.1-X1.8 for humidity correction factors. where:

7000 = number of grains per pound,
X1.2 The following calculations are an example of a perfect Mv = molecular weight of water vapor,
gas law equation for corrected humidity: Ma = molecular weight of dry air,
or Humidity 5 7000 F 18.0152
28.96247 G~ Pv
P T 2 P v!
(X1.1)
Pv
PT
=
=
partial pressure of water vapor at dew point, and
total pressure at point of humidity measurement.

X1.3 See Table X1.9 for Smithsonian tables for saturation

Pv
or Humidity 5 4354.13 (X1.2) vapor pressure over water.
~ P T 2 P v!

TABLE X1.1 Humidity, Grains/Pound Correction Factors

for Non-standard Barometric Conditions (30.0–30.9 in. Hg)
Dew Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Point
Temp °F 30.9 30.8 30.7 30.6 30.5 30.4 30.3 30.2 30.1 30.0
65 −3.1 −2.8 −2.5 −2.2 −1.9 −1.6 −1.2 −0.9 −0.6 −0.3
66 −3.2 −2.9 −2.6 −2.2 −1.9 −1.6 −1.3 −1.0 −0.6 −0.3
67 −3.3 −3.0 −2.6 −2.3 −2.0 −1.7 −1.3 −1.0 −0.7 −0.3
68 −3.4 −3.1 −2.7 −2.4 −2.0 −1.7 −1.4 −1.0 −0.7 −0.3
69 −3.5 −3.2 −2.8 −2.5 −2.1 −1.8 −1.4 −1.1 −0.7 −0.4
70 −3.7 −3.3 −3.0 −2.6 −2.2 −1.9 −1.5 −1.1 −0.7 −0.4
71 −3.8 −3.4 −3.0 −2.7 −2.3 −1.9 −1.5 −1.1 −0.8 −0.4
72 −3.9 −3.5 −3.1 −2.7 −2.3 −2.0 −1.6 −1.2 −0.8 −0.4
73 −4.1 −3.7 −3.3 −2.9 −2.5 −2.1 −1.6 −1.2 −0.8 −0.4
74 −4.2 −3.8 −3.4 −2.9 −2.5 −2.1 −1.7 −1.3 −0.8 −0.4
75 −4.4 −4.0 −3.5 −3.1 −2.6 −2.2 −1.8 −1.3 −0.9 −0.4
76 −4.5 −4.1 −3.6 −3.2 −2.7 −2.3 −1.8 −1.4 −0.9 −0.5
77 −4.7 −4.2 −3.8 −3.3 −2.8 −2.4 −1.9 −1.4 −0.9 −0.5
78 −4.9 −4.4 −3.9 −3.4 −2.9 −2.5 −2.0 −1.5 −1.0 −0.5
79 −5.0 −4.5 −4.0 −3.5 −3.0 −2.5 −2.0 −1.5 −1.0 −0.5
80 −5.2 −4.7 −4.2 −3.6 −3.1 −2.6 −2.1 −1.6 −1.0 −0.5

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 49

 D6618 − 10a
TABLE X1.2 Humidity, Grains/Pound Correction Factors
for Non-standard Barometric Conditions (29.0–29.9 in. Hg)
Dew Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Point
Temp °F 29.9 29.8 29.7 29.6 29.5 29.4 29.3 29.2 29.1 29.0
65 0.0 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.6 3.0
66 0.0 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.7 3.1
67 0.0 0.4 0.7 1.1 .1.4 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.2
68 0.0 0.4 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.3
69 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4
70 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5
71 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.7
72 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.3 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.4 3.8
73 0.0 0.4 0.9 1.3 1.8 2.2 2.6 3.1 3.5 4.0
74 0.0 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8 2.3 2.8 3.2 3.7 4.1
75 0.0 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.9 2.4 2.8 3.3 3.8 4.2
76 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4
77 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.1 4.6
78 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.6 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.2 4.7
79 0.0 0.5 1.1 1.6 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.8 4.3 4.9
80 0.0 0.6 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.8 3.4 3.0 4.5 5.0

TABLE X1.3 Humidity, Grains/Pound Correction Factors

for Non-standard Barometric Conditions (28.0–28.9 in. Hg)
Dew Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Point
Temp °F 28.9 28.8 28.7 28.6 28.5 28.4 28.3 28.2 28.1 28.0
65 3.3 3.7 4.0 4.4 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.8 6.1 6.5
66 3.4 3.8 4.1 4.5 4.9 5.3 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.7
67 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.6 5.0 5.4 5.8 6.2 6.5 6.9
68 3.7 4.1 4.5 4.9 5.3 5.7 6.0 6.4 6.8 7.2
69 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.0 5.4 5.9 6.3 6.7 7.1 7.5
70 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.2 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.8 7.3 7.7
71 4.1 4.5 5.0 5.4 5.8 6.3 6.7 7.1 7.5 8.0
72 4.2 4.7 5.1 5.6 6.0 6.5 6.9 7.4 7.8 8.3
73 4.4 4.9 5.3 5.8 6.2 6.7 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.5
74 4.6 5.1 5.6 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.4 8.9
75 4.7 5.2 5.7 6.2 6.7 7.2 7.7 8.2 8.7 9.2
76 4.9 5.4 5.9 6.4 6.9 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5
77 5.1 5.6 6.2 6.7 7.2 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.9
78 5.2 5.8 6.3 6.9 7.4 8.0 8.6 9.1 9.7 10.2
79 5.4 6.0 6.6 7.1 7.7 8.3 8.9 9.5 10.0 10.6
80 5.6 6.2 6.8 7.4 8.0 8.6 9.2 9.8 10.4 11.0

TABLE X1.4 Humidity, Grains/Pound Correction Factors

for Non-standard Barometric Conditions (27.0–27.9 in. Hg)
Dew Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Point
Temp °F 27.9 27.8 27.7 27.6 27.5 27.4 27.3 27.2 27.1 27.0
65 6.8 7.2 7.5 7.9 8.2 8.6 8.9 9.3 9.6 10.0
66 7.1 7.5 7.9 8.3 8.7 9.1 9.4 9.8 10.2 10.6
67 7.3 7.7 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4 9.8 10.2 10.6 11.0
68 7.6 8.0 8.4 8.9 9.3 9.7 10.1 10.5 11.0 11.4
69 7.9 8.3 8.8 9.2 9.6 10.1 10.5 10.9 11.3 11.8
70 8.1 8.6 9.0 9.5 9.9 10.4 10.9 11.3 11.8 12.2
71 8.1 8.9 9.3 9.8 10.3 10.8 11.2 11.7 12.2 12.6
72 8.7 9.2 9.7 10.2 10.7 11.2 11.6 12.1 12.6 13.1
73 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.6 12.1 12.6 13.1 13.6
74 9.4 9.9 10.4 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.6 14.1
75 9.7 10.2 10.8 11.3 11.9 12.4 12.9 13.5 14.0 14.6
76 10.0 10.6 11.1 11.7 12.3 12.9 13.4 14.0 14.6 15.1
77 10.4 11.0 11.6 12.2 12.8 13.4 13.9 14.5 15.1 15.7
78 10.8 11.4 12.0 12.6 13.2 13.9 14.5 15.1 15.7 16.3
79 11.2 11.8 12.5 13.1 13.7 14.4 15.0 15.6 16.2 16.9
80 11.6 12.3 12.9 13.6 14.2 14.9 15.5 16.2 16.8 17.5

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 50

 D6618 − 10a
TABLE X1.5 Humidity, Grams/Kilogram Correction Factors (101.6 to 104.6 kPa)
Dew Barometric Pressure (kPa)
Point
Temp °C 104.6 104.3 104.0 103.6 103.3 102.9 102.6 102.1 101.9 101.6
18.3 −0.44 −0.40 −0.36 −0.32 −0.27 −0.23 −0.17 −0.13 −0.09 −0.04
18.9 −0.46 −0.41 −0.37 −0.32 −0.27 −0.23 −0.19 −0.14 −0.09 −0.04
19.4 −0.47 −0.43 −0.37 −0.33 −0.29 −0.24 −0.19 −0.14 −0.10 −0.04
20.0 −0.49 −0.44 −0.39 −0.34 −0.29 −0.24 −0.20 −0.14 −0.10 −0.04
20.6 −0.50 −0.46 −0.40 −0.36 −0.30 −0.26 −0.20 −0.16 −0.10 −0.06
21.1 −0.53 −0.47 −0.43 −0.37 −0.32 −0.27 −0.21 −0.16 −0.10 −0.06
21.7 −0.54 −0.49 −0.43 −0.39 −0.33 −0.27 −0.21 −0.16 −0.11 −0.06
22.2 −0.56 −0.50 −0.44 −0.39 −0.33 −0.29 −0.23 −0.17 −0.11 −0.06
22.8 −0.59 −0.53 −0.47 −0.41 −0.36 −0.30 −0.23 −0.17 −0.11 −0.06
23.3 −0.60 −0.54 −0.49 −0.41 −0.36 −0.30 −0.24 −0.19 −0.11 −0.06
23.9 −0.63 −0.57 −0.50 −0.44 −0.37 −0.31 −0.26 −0.19 −0.13 −0.06
24.4 −0.64 −0.59 −0.51 −0.46 −0.39 −0.33 −0.26 −0.20 −0.13 −0.07
25.0 −0.67 −0.60 −0.54 −0.47 −0.40 −0.34 −0.27 −0.20 −0.13 −0.07
25.6 −0.70 −0.63 −0.56 −0.49 −0.41 −0.36 −0.29 −0.21 −0.14 −0.07
26.1 −0.72 −0.64 −0.57 −0.50 −0.43 −0.36 −0.29 −0.21 −0.14 −0.07
26.7 −0.74 −0.67 −0.60 −0.51 −0.44 −0.37 −0.30 −0.23 −0.14 −0.07

TABLE X1.6 Humidity, Grams/Kilogram Correction Factors (98.2 to 101.2 kPa)

Dew Barometric Pressure (kPa)
Point
Temp °C 101.2 100.9 100.6 100.2 99.9 99.5 99.2 98.9 98.5 98.2
18.3 0 0.04 0.10 0.14 0.19 0.24 0.29 0.33 0.37 0.43
18.9 0 0.04 0.10 0.14 0.20 0.24 0.29 0.34 0.39 0.44
19.4 0 0.06 0.10 0.16 0.20 0.26 0.30 0.36 0.40 0.46
20.0 0 0.06 0.10 0.16 0.21 0.27 0.32 0.37 0.43 0.47
20.6 0 0.06 0.11 0.16 0.21 0.27 0.33 0.39 0.43 0.49
21.1 0 0.06 0.11 0.17 0.23 0.29 0.33 0.39 0.44 0.50
21.7 0 0.06 0.11 0.17 0.23 0.30 0.36 0.41 0.47 0.53
22.2 0 0.06 0.11 0.19 0.24 0.30 0.36 0.41 0.49 0.54
22.8 0 0.06 0.13 0.19 0.26 0.32 0.37 0.44 0.50 0.57
23.3 0 0.07 0.13 0.20 0.26 0.33 0.40 0.46 0.53 0.59
23.9 0 0.07 0.13 0.20 0.27 0.34 0.40 0.47 0.54 0.60
24.4 0 0.07 0.14 0.21 0.29 0.36 0.41 0.49 0.56 0.63
25.0 0 0.07 0.14 0.21 0.29 0.37 0.44 0.51 0.59 0.66
25.6 0 0.07 0.14 0.23 0.30 0.37 0.44 0.51 0.60 0.67
26.1 0 0.07 0.16 0.23 0.32 0.39 0.46 0.54 0.61 0.70
26.7 0 0.09 0.16 0.24 0.32 0.40 0.49 0.56 0.64 0.72

TABLE X1.7 Humidity, Grams/Kilogram Correction Factors (94.8 to 97.9 kPa)

Dew Barometric Pressure (kPa)
Point
Temp °C 97.9 97.5 97.2 96.8 96.5 96.2 95.8 95.5 95.2 94.8
18.3 0.47 0.53 0.57 0.63 0.67 0.73 0.77 0.83 0.87 0.93
18.9 0.49 0.54 0.59 0.65 0.70 0.76 0.80 0.86 0.92 0.96
19.4 0.50 0.56 0.61 0.66 0.72 0.77 0.83 0.89 0.93 0.99
20.0 0.53 0.59 0.64 0.70 0.76 9.82 0.86 0.92 0.97 1.03
20.6 0.54 0.60 0.66 0.72 0.77 0.84 0.90 0.96 1.02 1.07
21.1 0.56 0.61 0.67 0.74 0.80 0.86 0.92 0.97 1.04 1.10
21.7 0.59 0.64 0.72 0.77 0.83 0.90 0.96 1.02 1.07 1.14
22.2 0.60 0.67 0.73 0.80 0.86 0.93 0.99 1.06 1.12 1.19
22.8 0.63 0.70 0.76 0.83 0.89 0.96 1.03 1.09 1.16 1.22
23.3 0.66 0.73 0.80 0.86 0.93 1.00 1.07 1.14 1.20 1.27
23.9 0.67 0.74 0.82 0.89 0.96 1.03 1.10 1.17 1.24 1.32
24.4 0.70 0.77 0.84 0.92 0.99 1.07 1.14 1.22 1.29 1.36
25.0 0.73 0.80 0.89 0.96 1.03 1.12 1.19 1.26 1.33 1.42
25.6 0.74 0.83 0.90 0.99 1.06 1.14 1.23 1.30 1.39 1.46
26.1 0.77 0.86 0.94 1.02 1.10 1.19 1.27 1.36 1.43 1.52
26.7 0.80 0.89 0.97 1.06 1.14 1.23 1.32 1.40 1.49 1.57

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 51

 D6618 − 10a
TABLE X1.8 Humidity, Grams/Kilogram Correction Factors (91.4 to 94.5 kPa)
Dew Barometric Pressure (kPa)
Point
Temp °C 94.5 94.1 93.8 93.5 93.1 92.8 92.4 92.1 91.7 91.4
18.3 0.97 1.03 1.07 1.13 1.17 1.23 1.27 1.33 1.37 1.43
18.9 1.02 1.07 1.13 1.19 1.24 1.30 1.34 1.40 1.46 1.52
19.4 1.04 1.10 1.16 1.22 1.27 1.34 1.40 1.46 1.52 1.57
20.0 1.09 1.14 1.20 1.27 1.33 1.39 1.44 1.50 1.57 1.63
20.6 1.13 1.19 1.26 1.32 1.37 1.44 1.50 1.56 1.62 1.69
21.1 1316 1.23 1.29 1.36 1.42 1.49 1.56 1.62 1.69 1.74
21.7 1.16 1.27 1.33 1.40 1.47 1.54 1.60 1.67 1.74 .180
22.2 1.24 1.32 1.39 1.46 1.53 1.60 1.66 1.73 1.80 1.87
22.8 1.29 1.36 1.43 1.50 1.57 1.66 1.73 1.80 1.87 1.94
23.3 1.34 1.42 1.49 1.57 1.64 1.72 1.79 1.86 1.94 2.02
23.9 1.39 1.46 1.54 1.62 1.70 1.77 1.84 1.93 2.00 2.09
24.4 1.43 1.52 1.59 1.67 1.76 1.84 1.92 2.00 2.09 2.16
25.0 1.49 1.57 1.66 1.74 1.83 1.92 1.99 2.07 2.16 2.25
25.6 1.54 1.63 1.72 1.80 1.89 1.99 2.07 2.16 2.25 2.33
26.1 1.60 1.69 1.79 1.87 1.96 2.06 2.15 2.23 2.32 2.42
26.7 1.66 1.76 1.84 1.94 2.03 2.13 2.22 2.32 2.40 2.50

TABLE X1.9 Saturation Vapor Pressure Over Water (Smithsonion Tables)A

Dew Point Vapor Press. Dew Point Vapor Press
Temp °F in. Hg Temp °F in. Hg
60 0.52160 75 0.87506
61 0.54047 76 0.90472
62 0.55994 77 0.93524
63 0.58002 78 0.96666
64 0.60073 79 0.99900

65 0.62209 80 1.03230
66 0.64411 81 1.06650
67 0.66681 82 1.10170
68 0.69021 83 1.13800
69 0.71432 84 1.17520

70 0.73916 85 1.21360
71 0.76467 86 1.25300
72 0.79113 87 1.29350
73 0.81829 88 1.33510
74 0.84626 89 1.37790
A
Reprinted from Selecting Humidity Sensors for Industrial Processes Handbook, General Eastern Instrument Corp., March, 1982.

X2. REPORT FORMS

X2.1 Examples of report forms making up the 1M-PC final

report are shown in Figs. X2.1 and

X2.2

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 52

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. X2.1 Form 14 (Example)—Piston and Ring Photographs

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 53

 D6618 − 10a

FIG. X2.2 Form 17 (Example)—TMC Control Chart Analysis

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 54

 D6618 − 10a

X3. 1M-PC MULTIPLE TESTING

X3.1 If testing candidate lubricants in accordance with

Specification D4485, the results of multiple testing should be
reported on the form shown as Fig. X3.1

FIG. X3.1 1M-PC Multiple Test Data Summary Sheet

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@[Link] (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
([Link]). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website ([Link]/
COPYRIGHT/).

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 55