Designation: D6425 − 11

Standard Test Method for

Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Extreme
Pressure (EP) Lubricating Oils Using SRV Test Machine1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6425; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

INTRODUCTION

This test method represents the transformation of DIN 51834-2:1997. The DIN working group
implemented changes at its annual meeting in Munich in September 2000. ASTM Committee D02
adopted these modifications as closely as possible. The DIN working group widens the scope of the
standard to accommodate different test conditions and refines repeatability and reproducibility on the
base of four international RR tests. It also introduces the wear volume as a tribological quantity.

1. Scope* D5706 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure

1.1 This test method covers an extreme pressure (EP) Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-
lubricating oil’s coefficient of friction and its ability to protect Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
against wear when subjected to high-frequency, linear oscilla- D7421 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure
tion motion. The procedure is identical to that described in DIN Properties of Lubricating Oils Using High-Frequency,
51834. Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
1.2 This test method can also be used to determine the Steel
ability of a non-EP lubricating oil to protect against wear and G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
its coefficient of friction under similar test conditions.
2.2 DIN Standards:3
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as DIN EN ISO 683-17 Heat-treated Steels, alloy steels and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this free-cutting steels – Part 17 : Ball and roller bearing steels
standard. DIN 51631:1999 Mineral spirits; special boiling point spir-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the its; requirements
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the DIN 51834 Tribological Test in the Translatory Oscillation
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Apparatus (Part 2: Determination of Friction and Wear
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- Data for Lubricating Oils)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998 Geometrical Product Specifica-
tions (GPS)—Surface Texture: Profile Method; Surfaces
2. Referenced Documents having Stratified Functional Properties—Part 2: Height
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 Characterization using Linear Material Ratio Curve (re-
A295 Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing placement of DIN 4776:1990)
Steel
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Prod- 3. Terminology
ucts, and Lubricants 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 break-in, n—in tribology, an initial transition process
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on occurring in newly established wearing contacts, often accom-
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee panied by transients in coefficient of friction or wear rate, or
D02.L0.11 on Tribiological Properties of Industrial Fluids and Lubricates. both, that are uncharacteristic of the given tribological sys-
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published March 2012. Originally
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6425–05(2010) ´1. tem’s long term behavior. (Synonym: run-in, wear-in) G40
DOI: 10.1520/D6425-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, [Link], or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@[Link]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Deutsches Institut für Normung, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burg-
the ASTM website. grafenstrasse 6, D-10787 Berlin, Germany.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 1

 D6425 − 11
3.1.2 C.L.A., n—in measuring surface finish, the arithmetic
average of the absolute distances of all profile points from the
mean line for a given distance.4
3.1.3 coeffıcient of friction µ or f, n—in tribology, the
dimensionless ratio of the friction force (Ff) between two
bodies to the normal force (Fn) pressing these bodies together.
G40
µ 5 ~ F f /F n ! (1)
3.1.4 EP lubricating oil, n—a liquid lubricant containing an
extreme pressure (EP) additive
3.1.5 extreme pressure (EP) additive, n—in a lubricant, a
substance that minimizes damage to metal surfaces in contact
under high stress rubbing conditions. D4175 FIG. 1 SRV Test Machine
3.1.6 Hertzian contact area, n—the apparent area of contact
between two nonconforming solid bodies pressed against each
other, as calculated from Hertz’ equations of elastic 3.3.1 SRV, n—Schwingung, Reibung, Verschleiss, (Ger-
deformation. G40 man); oscillating, friction, wear, (English translation). D5706
3.1.7 Hertzian contact pressure, n—magnitude of the pres- 4. Summary of Test Method
sure at any specified location in a Hertzian contact area, as
4.1 This test method is performed on an SRV test machine
calculated from Hertz’s equations of elastic deformation. The
using a test ball oscillated at constant frequency and stroke
Hertzian contact pressure can also be calculated and reported
amplitude and under constant load (Fn), against a test disk that
as maximum value Pmax in the centre of the contact or as
has been moistened with the lubricant specimen. The platform
Paverage as average over the total contact area. D7421
to which the test disk is attached is held at a constant
3.1.8 lubricant, n—any substance interposed between two temperature.
surfaces for the purpose of reducing the friction or wear
between them. G40 NOTE 1—The frequency of oscillation, stroke length, test temperature,
test load, test duration, and test ball and disk material can be varied from
3.1.9 Pgeom., n—geometric contact pressure describes the those specified in this test method. The test ball yields Hertzian point
load carrying capacity at test end. contact geometry. To obtain line or area contact, test pieces of differing
configurations can be substituted for the test ball.
3.1.10 RpK, n—Reduced peak height according to DIN EN
ISO 13565-2:1998. RpK is the mean height of the peak 4.2 The friction force, Ff, is measured by a piezo-electric
sticking out above the core profile section. device in the test disk assembly. Peak values of coefficient of
friction, f, are determined and recorded as a function of time.
3.1.11 RvK, n—Reduced valley height occording to DIN EN
ISO 13565-2:1998. RvK is the mean depth of the valley 4.3 After a preset test period, the test machine and chart
reaching into the material below the core profile section. recorder are stopped and the wear scar on the ball is measured.
If a profilometer is available, a trace of the wear scar on the test
3.1.12 Rz (DIN), n—in measuring surface finish, the average disk can also be used to obtain additional wear information.
of all Ry values (peak to valley heights) in the assessment
length.4 5. Significance and Use
3.1.13 wear, n—damage to a solid surface, generally involv- 5.1 This test method can be used to determine anti-wear
ing progressive loss of material, due to relative motion between properties and coefficient of friction of EP lubricating oils at
that surface and a contacting substance or substances. G40 selected temperatures and loads specified for use in applica-
3.1.14 Wv, n—Wear volume is the loss of volume to the ball tions in which high-speed vibrational or start-stop motions are
after a test. present for extended periods of time under initial high Hertzian
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: point contact pressures. It has found application as a screening
test for lubricants used in gear or cam/follower systems. Users
3.2.1 seizure, n—localized fusion of metal between the
of this test method should determine whether results correlate
rubbing surfaces of the test pieces. D5706
with field performance or other applications.
[Link] Discussion—In this test method, seizure is indicated
by a sharp rise in the coefficient of friction, over steady state, 6. Apparatus
of greater than 0.2 for over 20 s. In severe cases, a stoppage in
the motor will occur. 6.1 SRV Test Machine5(see Fig. 1), consists of an oscillation
3.3 Abbreviations:
5
The sole source of supply known to the committee at this time is Optimol
Instruments Prüftechnik GmbH, Friedenstrasse 10, D81671 Munich, Germany. If
you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
4
Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture: The Parameters,”Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785, Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swazey, 1985, p. 21. responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 2

 D6425 − 11
7.2 Test Disk,7vacuum arc remelted (VAR) AISI 52100 steel
with an inclusion rating using method D, Type A, as severity
level number of 0,5 according to Test Methods E45 and
Specification A295 or a inclusion sum value K1 # 10
according to DIN EN ISO 683-17 and spherodized annealed to
obtain globular carbide, 62 6 1 HRC hardness, the surfaces of
the disk being lapped and free of lapping raw materials. The
topography of the disk will be determined by four values: 0.5
µm < Rz < 0.650 µm; 0.035µm < C.L.A.< 0.050 µm, 0.020 µm
< Rpk < 0.035 µm and 0.050 µm < Rvk < 0.075 µm, 24 6
0.5-mm diameter by 7.8 6 0.1-mm thick.
FIG. 2 Test Chamber
NOTE 2—DIN 17230-1980 was replaced by DIN EN ISO 683-17.
7.3 Cleaning Solvent, single boiling point spirit type 2-A
drive, a test chamber (see Fig. 2), and a loading device6 with a according to DIN 51631. (Warning—Flammable. Health haz-
servomotor and a load cell. The machine is operated by a ard.)
control device for the oscillating drive, a timer, a load control,
a frequency control, a stroke control, a data amplifier to 8. Preparation of Apparatus
determine the friction coefficient, and a switch and a controller
8.1 Turn on the test machine and chart recorder and allow to
for the heating. An oscilloscope may be used for monitoring.
warm up for 15 min prior to running tests.
Friction coefficients are recorded in relation to time by a chart
recorder, or by data acquisition in a computer. 8.2 Select the friction data to be presented in the crest peak
6.1.1 On the firmly mounted receiving block (1) in the test value position in accordance with the manufacturer’s direc-
chamber (see Fig. 3), there is a piezoelectric device (2) to tions.
measure the friction force, Ff, and the friction coefficient, f; the
NOTE 3—In most cases, this is accomplished by positioning the sliding
holder for the test disk (3) with a thermostat-controlled switch on electronic card No. 291.35.20E (front side of electronics behind
electrical resistance heating element (4); a resistance thermom- front panel) and the sliding switch located on the back panel of the control
eter (5); the oscillation drive rods (6); an exchangeable holder unit.
for the test ball (7); and the load rods of the loading device (8). 8.3 Turn the amplitude knob to ZERO.
6.1.2 The design of the receiving block for the test disk
should be such that it has integrated cooling coils, or that 8.4 Switch the stroke adjustment to AUTO position.
cooling coils are wound round it, so that the receiving block 8.5 Set the frequency to 50 Hz and duration to 2 h, 00 min,
must be capable to maintaining test temperatures down to 30 s in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
+233K. The test disk (9) and the test ball (10) are inserted into
their respective holders (3, 4) (see Fig. 3). 8.6 Set the load charge amplifier to the setting that corre-
6.1.3 Disks are generally used as the lower test piece. Balls, sponds to the load foreseen for the test in accordance with the
cylinders, rings, or specialized shapes may be used, with manufacturer’s instructions. The test can be run at constant
appropriate holders, as the upper test piece (see Fig. 4). normal forces selected in +100 N increments starting at
+100 N.
6.2 Microscope, equipped with a filar eyepiece graduated in
0.005-mm divisions or equipped with a micrometre stage NOTE 4—In later SRV models, the load charge amplifier is set
readable to 0.005 mm. Magnification should be sufficient to automatically.
allow for ease of measurement. 8.7 Set the desired span, and calibrate the chart recorder in
6.3 Syringe, suitable for applying 0.3 mL of the lubricating accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Select the
oil under test. desired chart speed.
6.4 Tweezers, straight, round, about 200-mm long, with 9. Procedure
non-marring tips.
9.1 Installation of the Test Pieces and Lubricating Oil
6.5 Torque Wrench, initial torque 0.5 to 5 Nm.
Specimen in the Test Chamber:
6.6 Ultrasonic Cleaner. 9.1.1 Using solvent resistant gloves, clean the test ball, ball
holder, and disk by wiping the surfaces with laboratory tissue
7. Reagents and Materials
soaked with cleaning solvent (single boiling point spirit type
7.1 Test Balls,7AISI 52100 Steel, 60 6 2 HRC hardness, 2-A according to DIN 51631). (Warning —This mixture is
0.025 6 0.005-µm C.L.A. surface finish, 10-mm diameter. flammable and a health hazard.) Repeat wiping until no dark
residue appears on the tissue. Immerse the ball and disk in a
6
beaker of the cleaning solvent under ultrasonic vibration (if
Optimol Instruments supplies an upgrade kit to allow older machines to operate
available) for 10 min. Dry the ball holder. Dry the test ball and
with 1600 N, if needed.
7
ASM Handbook, “Friction, Lubrication, and Wear Technology,” Vol 18, disk with a clean tissue, ensuring that no streaking occurs on
October 1992. the surface.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 3

 D6425 − 11

1. Receiving Block 6. Oscillation Drive Rod

2. Piezoelectric Measuring Device 7. Test Ball Holder
3. Test Disk Holder 8. Load Rod
4. Electrical Resistance Heater 9. Test Disk
5. Resistance Thermometer 10. Test Ball

FIG. 3 Test Chamber Elements

9.1.7 Apply a load of 50 N, loosen the fastening screws on

both disk and ball holders, and then immediately tighten them
with a torque wrench to 2.2 to 2.5 Nm.
9.2 Test Run:
9.2.1 Start of the Test Run:
[Link] Allow 10 min for the test pieces and test oil to reach
and stabilize at the test temperature. The test can be run at
constant temperatures selected in +10 K (+10°C) increments
starting at +233K to +553K (-40°C to +280°C).8
NOTE 5—An initial hardness of 62,5 HRC at room temperature of AISI
52100 will drop to 61 HRC after 100 h at 149°C and will exist as a hot
hardness of 60 HRC over 100 h.8
[Link] When the temperature has stabilized, turn on the
chart recorder paper feed (or the computer) and lower the
recording pens. Depress the drive start toggle switch until the
timer begins to count and then adjust the stroke amplitude knob
to 1.00 mm.
NOTE 6—Stroke should be checked periodically by measuring the wear
track length minus the ball scar diameter. The difference must be smaller
than 610% of the set stroke.
[Link] When the digital timer reaches 30 s, increase the
load to 300 N and run at that load for 2 h 6 15 s.
FIG. 4 Test Pieces and Holders for Standard Tribological Con- 9.2.2 Terminating the Test Run:
tacts [Link] The test is automatically terminated by the timer
when the preset test time has elapsed. The machine will
9.1.2 Ensure that the machine is unloaded (indicated by a automatically stop.
load reading of –13 or –14 N), and install the ball holder (upper NOTE 7—Power automatically turns off at the end of the test.
specimen holder). NOTE 8—If, due to seizure, the friction coefficient exceeds the limit f
9.1.3 Place 0.3 mL of the lubricating oil to be tested on the 50.35 , the test should be terminated. If the machine does not automati-
cleaned disk. Then install the disk (place on the block). Tighten cally shut down at this point, it may have to be switched off manually.
the fastening screw until resistance just begins. [Link] At the end of the test, turn off the heater control, turn
9.1.4 Place the cleaned ball, using the tweezers, in the power back on, and reduce the load to –13 or –14 N for
disassembled, cleaned, and dried ball holder. Tighten the disassembly.
fastening screw until resistance just begins.
9.1.5 Install the ball holder, and test ball in the test chamber.
9.1.6 Turn on the heater control, and preheat the disk holder 8
Zaretsky, E. V., “Tribology for Aerospace Applications,” STLE SP-37, 1997, p.
to 50°C. 358.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 4

 D6425 − 11

FIG. 5 Sample Recording Chart and Data Sheet for Evaluating Coefficients of Friction and Wear Scar Diameters

[Link] Remove and clean the test ball and disk in accor- FN = normal force (test load),
dance with 9.1.1. Pgeom. = geometric contact pressure, and
9.3 Evaluation: WSD or Wk = mean wear scar diameter.
9.3.1 Place the cleaned test ball on a suitable holder, and
using a microscope, measure to the nearest 0.01 mm the scar 10. Report
width in the direction of sliding (d1) and again at 90° to the 10.1 Report the following information:
direction of sliding (d2). The mean wear scar diameter (WSD
or Wk) is the average of these two measurements (WSD = (d1 10.1.1 All parameters used to evaluate materials as follows:
+ d2)/2). If the wear scar diameter is smaller than 1.1 times the [Link] Test temperature, °C,
Hertzian contact diameter, the profile of the wear scar in the [Link] Test break-in load, N,
center should be measured in order to calculate the wear [Link] Test frequency, Hz,
volume, Wv. If the wear scar diameter is greater than 1.1 times
[Link] Test stroke, mm,
the Hertzian contact diameter, the wear scar diameter should
only be reported (see Fig. 5). The wear volume, Wv (mm3), [Link] Test ball material,
should be used. [Link] Test disk material, and
NOTE 9—It is preferable to measure wear volume. A procedure for [Link] Test oil sample.
measuring the wear profile and calculating the wear volume is described
in DIN 51834:2000, part 3. An official English translation of this
10.2 Report both wear scar measurements taken on the ball
procedure is in preparation by DIN.3 (d1, d2) and the average WSD.
9.3.2 Although not specifically part of the procedure, when 10.3 Report all measurements of the coefficient of friction,
additional wear analysis is required, perform a profilometric fmin, fmax, f15, f30, f90, f120, and the magnitude of any strong
trace across the wear scar on the test disk in accordance with fluctuations in the coefficients of friction, and when required by
the profilometer manufacturer’s instructions. specification, include a copy of the friction recording.
9.3.3 Measure the minimum and maximum coefficients of
friction (fmin, fmax) and the coefficients at 15, 30, 90, and 120 10.4 Report the depth of the wear scar on the lower
min (f15, f30, f90, f120) from the chart recorder graph or specimen disk if a profilometer reading was made.
computer, with a precision of 0.001.
9.3.4 If strong fluctuations (band width $ 0.005) in the 11. Precision and Bias
coefficient of friction are indicated on the chart recorder or
11.1 Data for the precision calculations of this test method
other output device adjacent to the point at which the coeffi-
were obtained by DIN 51834-2:1997. Twenty-two cooperators
cient is measured, record the mean value and the magnitude of
tested three lubricating oils, an engine oil, an anti-wear
the fluctuations at that point (see Fig. 5).
9.3.5 The load carrying capacity can be additionally re- hydraulic oil, and an industrial EP gear oil, in the SRV
ported as geometric contact pressure Pgeom. at test end accord- apparatus. The test load for the engine and hydraulic oils was
ing to the following equation: 300 N and that for the gear oil was 200 N. The test temperature
was 50°C, the frequency was 50 Hz, and the stroke amplitude
4 FN
P geom. 5 (2) was 1 mm for all three test oils. Average coefficients of friction
pW k 2
ranged from 0.126 to 0.140 for the engine oil, 0.111 to 0.119
where: for the hydraulic oil, and 0.112 to 0.127 for the gear oil.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 5

 D6425 − 11
Average ball wear scars (WSD) were 0.77 mm with the engine the test method, exceed the following value in only one case in
oil, 0.51 with the hydraulic oil, and 0.62 with the gear oil.9 twenty.
11.1.1 The current precision statements were taken from 0.07 mm
DIN 51834-2:2001 based on the international round robin tests [Link] Reproducibility—The difference between two
from 1997-2000 using FN= 300N, 1 mm of stroke, 0.03 mL of single and independent results obtained by different operators
the lubricating oil, and T= 50°C. working in different laboratories on the identical test material
NOTE 10—The repeatability and reproducibility values depend on the would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of
oil that has been used. The values stated in [Link] and [Link] represent the test method, exceed the following value in only one case in
maximum values. In singular cases, smaller values were determined in RR twenty.
tests according to DIN 51834, part 2. 0.2 mm
11.1.2 The values for precision were refined. These results 11.2.2 Coeffıcient of Friction, f:
were published10,11,12 and filed as new research report.9 [Link] Repeatability—The difference between successive
NOTE 11—“The extension to a test temperature of +150°C depends results obtained by the same operator with the same apparatus
from the anti-oxidation resistance of the test fluid and the extreme pressure under constant operating conditions on identical test material
additives suited for such a test temperature and that no seizure occurs at would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of
+150°C. If so, then the repeatability and reproducibility for testing at
+150°C lie within the existing set limits for precision (See the research
the test method, exceed the following value in only one case in
report RR:D02-1454).” twenty.
0.01
11.2 Precision—The precision of this test method, as deter-
mined by statistical examination of the interlaboratory test [Link] Reproducibility—The difference between two
results described in 11.1 is: single and independent results obtained by different operators
11.2.1 Average Ball WSD: working in different laboratories on the identical test material
[Link] Repeatability—The difference between successive would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of
results obtained by the same operator with the same apparatus the test method, exceed the following value in only one case in
under constant operating conditions on identical test material twenty.
would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of 0.03
11.3 Bias—The evaluation of friction and wear properties of
9
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may lubricating oil by this test method has no bias because
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1454. The RR data at 80°C and coefficients of friction and WSD can be defined only in terms
120°C were filed as Research Report RR:D02-1579. of the test method.
10
Tribologie & Schmierungstechnik, 44(6), 1997, p. 284.
11
Tribologie & Schmierungstechnik, 46(2), 1999, p. 36.
12
Bench Testing of Industrial Fluid Lubrication and Wear Properties Used in 12. Keywords
Machinery Applications, ASTM STP 1404, Totten, G. E., Wedeven, L. D., Dickey,
J. R., Anderson, M., Eds., ASTM International, W. Conshohocken, PA, 2001, 12.1 coefficient of friction; EP additives; EP lubricants;
pp.199-209. lubricating oil; oscillation; SRV; wear

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 6

 D6425 − 11

P maximum = Maximum of the Hertzian stress (N/mm2)

P average = Average of the Hertzian stress (N/mm2)
FIG. 6 Evaluation of Hertzian Contact Diameter and Contact Pressure over Test Load

APPENDIX

X1. PRECISION DATA MEASURED AT HIGHER TEMPERATURES

X1.1 Test Method D6425 allows test temperatures other precision data determined in international round-robin tests in
than 50°C, and the precision statements in Section 11 are 2002 and 2003 with two commercial oils at 80°C and 120°C in
determined at 50°C. Table X1.1 and Table X1.2 present comparison to the data at 50°C of the same oils.

TABLE X1.1 6th International Round Robin Test—2002A

Year RR2002 RR2002 RR2001
Test Oils Industrial Oil A VG 220 Industrial Oil A VG 220 Industrial Oil A VG 220
Temperature 120°C 80°C 50°C
Statistical Quantities Coefficient of friction Wear scar Coefficient of friction Wear scar Coefficient of friction Wear scar
(D2PP) fEND diameter fEND diameter fEND diameter
of the ball of the ball of the ball
WK-average[mm] WK-average [mm] WK-average [mm]
Degree of freedom 31 29 29 26 33 34
Mean 0.0895 0.4824 0.0919 0.477 0.1006 0.4683
Standard deviation ±0.0095 ±0.0226 ±0.00701 ±0.0261 ±0.0128 ±0.0216
Reproducibility (R) 0.0287 0.0654 0.0203 0.00758 0.0369 0.062
(set point: #0.03) 0.0369 (set point: #0.2) (set point: #0.03) (set point: #0.2) (set point: #0.03) (set point: #0.2)
Repeatability (r) 0.0132 0.035 0.00778 0.026 0.00873 0.0266
(set point: #0.01) (set point: #0.07) (set point: #0.01) (set point: #0.07) (set point: #0.01) (set point: #0.07)
A
Statistical analysis using ASTM D2PP software >55 single results per test oil. (Test conditions: FN = 300 N; T = 50°C; t = 120 min; Dx = 1 mm; nn = 50 Hz; lapped
AISI52100-disks; polished AISI52100-balls, Ø = 10 mm)

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 7

 D6425 − 11
TABLE X1.2 7th International Round Robin Test—2003A
Year RR2003 RR2003 RR2000
Test Oils Industrial Oil B VG 220 Industrial Oil B VG 220 Industrial Oil B VG 220
Temperature 120°C 80°C 50°C
Statistical Quantities Coefficient of friction Wear scar diameter Coefficient of friction Wear scar diameter Coefficient of friction Wear scar diameter
(D2PP) fEND of the ball fEND of the ball fEND of the ball
WK-average [mm] WK-average [mm] WK-average [mm]
Degree of Freedom 23 27 24 27 39 45
Mean 0.0986 0.4835 0.1038 0.403 0.1105 0.47397
Standard Deviation ±0.00839 ±0.0189 ±0.00699 ±0.0257 ±0.00891 ±0.0403
Reproducibility (R) 0.0246 0.0548 0.0195 0.0747 0.02540 0.1146
(set point: #0.03) (set point: #0.2) (set point: #0.03) (set point: #0.2) (set point: #0.03) (set point: #0.2)
Repeatability (r) 0.00439 0.0277 0.00491 0.0326 0.00772 0.6680
(set point: #0.01) (set point: #0.07) (set point: #0.01) (set point: #0.07) (set point: #0.01) (set point: #0.07)
A
Statistical analysis using ASTM D2PP software >43 single results per test oil. (Test conditions: FN = 300 N; T = 50°C; t = 120 min; Dx = 1 mm; nn = 50 Hz; lapped
AISI52100-disks; polished AISI52100-balls, Ø = 10 mm)

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Subcommittee D02.L0
´1
has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(D6425–05(2010) ) that may impact the use of this standard.

(1) Cleaned up Section 3, Terminology.

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@[Link] (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
([Link]). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website ([Link]/
COPYRIGHT/).

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 8