MODULE 2 — INDUSTRIAL SAFETY ENGINEERING (ISE)
GROUP 1 — RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (RPE)
📌 Similar Questions (Grouped)
1. Describe any four respiratory personal protection devices – 10M
2. Classify RPE & explain safety functions of any two – 6M
3. Key functions of any three types of RPE – 6M
4. What is RPE? Explain features of any one – 3M
⭐ MOST IMPORTANT QUESTION:
✔ Describe any four respiratory personal protective devices – 10 Marks
⭐ ANSWER — RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (Covers ALL RPE
Questions)
🟨 A) Classification of RPE
(Use this in all RPE questions)
1. Air-Purifying Respirators (APR)
Filter contaminants from air before
breathing.
Examples: Dust mask, Cartridge
respirator, Powered Air-
Purifying Respirator (PAPR).
2. Air-Supplied Respirators (ASR)
Provide clean air from an external
source.
Examples: Airline respirator,
Self-Contained Breathing
Apparatus (SCBA).
🟨 B) Describe Any FOUR RPE (10 Marks)
1. Dust Mask (Filtering Facepiece)
Protects against dust, pollen, non-toxic particles.
Used in grinding, cutting, housekeeping.
2. Cartridge Respirator
Uses chemical cartridges to filter gases, vapors, fumes.
Ideal for painting, chemical handling.
3. Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR)
Battery-powered blower pushes purified air into hood/mask.
Used in heavy dust areas; reduces breathing effort.
4. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
Independent air cylinder providing fresh breathable air.
Used in confined spaces, toxic gas leaks, firefighting.
🟨 C) Key Functions of RPE (for 6M question)
1. Filters harmful dusts, fumes, mists.
2. Provides oxygen-rich air in oxygen-deficient areas.
3. Prevents inhalation of toxic gases & vapors.
4. Protects from respiratory diseases like silicosis, asbestosis.
5. Ensures safe work in confined/contaminated atmospheres.
⭐ 3-MARK VERSION (5 POINTS)
What is RPE? + Features of One Type
1. Device used to protect lungs from contaminated air.
2. Prevents inhalation of dust, fumes, gases.
3. Dust mask is lightweight and easy to wear.
4. Filters particles efficiently.
5. Used in sweeping, grinding, cutting.
⭐ GROUP 2 — CONFINED SPACE SAFETY + CONFINED WORK PERMIT
📌 Similar Questions
1. Safety precautions before entering confined space – 5M
2. 4 critical hazards + key elements of confined space permit – 9M
3. Procedures during confined space access – 7M
4. Confined space access protection – 3M
⭐ MOST IMPORTANT:
✔ Critical hazards + Key elements of confined work permit – 9 Marks
⭐ ANSWER — CONFINED SPACE SAFETY (Covers ALL Confined-Space
Questions)
🟨 A) 4 Critical Hazards in Confined Worksites
1. Oxygen deficiency: <19.5% O₂ → unconsciousness.
2. Toxic gas exposure: H₂S, CO, ammonia may accumulate.
3. Engulfment: Sludge, liquids, loose materials may trap the worker.
4. Restricted movement: Difficult rescue & poor ventilation.
🟨 B) Key Elements of a Confined Work Permit
1. Gas testing results: Oxygen %, toxic gases, flammables.
2. Isolation / Lockout-Tagout: Electrical & mechanical energy locked.
3. Authorized persons: Names of entrants, attendants, supervisor.
4. PPE requirements: Respirator, harness, gloves, lighting.
5. Rescue plan: Lifelines, tripod, SCBA, emergency contact.
6. Ventilation: Forced-air ventilation ensured.
7. Communication method: Radio/intercom availability.
🟨 C) Safety Precautions Before Entry (5M)
1. Atmospheric testing (O₂, CO, H₂S).
2. Ventilation through blowers.
3. Permit authorization.
4. PPE & harness.
5. Standby attendant outside.
⭐ 3-MARK VERSION (5 points)
Procedures to Protect Worker in Confined Space
1. Test oxygen & toxic gases.
2. Use permit system.
3. Provide ventilation.
4. Use SCBA/harness.
5. Provide standby rescuer.
⭐ GROUP 3 — WORK PERMIT SYSTEM (Hot Work & Cold Work)
📌 Similar Questions (Grouped)
1. Hot work permit + Cold work permit – 10M
2. 5 hazards + 8 safety measures for hot work – 9M
3. Major objectives of work permit system – 6M
4. Work permit objectives – 3M
5. Importance of cold work permit – 3M
6. What is PTW? – 3M
⭐ MOST IMPORTANT:
✔ Hot Work Permit + Safety Measures – 9–10 Marks
✔ Objectives of Permit to Work (PTW)
⭐ ANSWER — WORK PERMIT SYSTEM (Covers ALL Questions)
⭐ 3-MARK VERSION (5 points)
What is PTW?
Meaning:
A Permit to Work (PTW) is a formal written authorization that allows workers to
perform high-risk or hazardous jobs only after all safety checks and precautions
are completed.
Purpose:
Ensures the job is done safely
Confirms hazards are identified
Ensures proper supervision
Makes sure the work is done by trained & authorized workers only
Prevents accidental start-up of equipment or dangerous conditions
Used For:
Hot work (welding, cutting)
Confined space entry
Electrical work
Working at height
Maintenance on energized equipment
Chemical handling
🟨 A) Hot Work Permit (10M)
Work involving flames, sparks, heat, welding, cutting.
Key Features:
1. Identify hot work area & remove combustibles.
2. Assign fire watcher.
3. Provide firefighting equipment.
4. Gas testing for flammables.
5. Post-permit fire watch for 30 minutes.
🟨 B) Cold Work Permit
Used for non-hot activities: maintenance, cleaning,
inspection.
Key Features:
1. Hazard identification.
2. Isolation of energy sources.
3. PPE requirements.
4. Area barricading.
5. Supervisor authorization.
🟨 C) Five Hazards of Hot Work (9M)
1. Fire and explosion.
2. Burns from sparks.
3. Toxic fumes inhalation.
4. Cylinder explosion.
5. Eye damage from UV.
🟨 D) Eight Safety Measures (9M)
1. Remove flammable materials.
2. Fire watcher with extinguisher.
3. Gas test for LEL.
4. PPE (gloves, goggles).
5. Fire blanket.
6. Permit approval.
7. Ventilation.
8. Fire watch after job.
🟨 E) Objectives of Permit to Work (5–6M)
1. Control hazardous work safely.
2. Ensure authorized supervision.
3. Establish worker competency.
4. Prevent accidents through planning.
5. Ensure communication between teams.
6. Enforce safety checks.
⭐ GROUP 4 — PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
📌 Similar Questions
1. Classify PPE + suitability of 7 PPE – 14M
2. Two PPE for eye protection – 5M
3. Two PPE for head protection – 3M
4. Strategies to make employees comfortable with PPE – 5M
⭐ MOST IMPORTANT QUESTION:
✔ Classification + Suitability of 7 PPE – 14 Marks
⭐ ANSWER — PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
🟨 A) Classification of PPE (from notes)
1. Head protection: Helmet, bump cap.
2. Eye & face protection: Goggles, face shield.
3. Hearing protection:
Earplugs, earmuffs.
4. Respiratory protection:
RPE (APR/ASR).
5. Hand protection: Gloves.
6. Foot protection: Safety
shoes.
7. Body protection: Aprons,
coveralls.
8. Fall protection: Harness,
lifelines.
🟨 B) Suitability of 7 PPE (14M)
1. Helmet: Prevents head injuries from falling objects.
2. Goggles: Protect eyes from dust & chemicals.
3. Face shield: Protects from welding sparks.
4. Earplugs: Reduce noise exposure.
5. Gloves: Protect from chemicals, cuts.
6. Safety shoes: Prevent slips, falling loads.
7. Apron/Coverall: Protects from heat/chemicals.
🟨 C) Eye Protection (5M)
1. Safety goggles: Impact resistant, chemical splash protection.
2. Face shield: Protects from sparks, heat, molten metal.
🟨 D) Head Protection (3M)
1. Hard shell helmet absorbs impact.
2. Chin strap prevents fall-off.
3. Suspension system reduces force.
🟨 E) Strategies to Improve PPE Usage (5M)
1. Proper training.
2. Comfortable design.
3. Right size fitting.
4. Motivational programs.
5. Worker involvement.
⭐ GROUP 5 — HOUSEKEEPING & 5S
📌 Similar Questions
1. 5S concept – 8M
2. Benefits of good housekeeping + 5S – 9M
3. Role of management & employees – 7M
4. 10 responsibilities of housekeeping head – 8M
5. 5S in short note – 14M part
⭐ MOST IMPORTANT:
✔ 5S + Benefits + Responsibilities – 8–9 Marks
⭐ ANSWER — HOUSEKEEPING & 5S
🟨 A) 5S Concept
1. Seiri (Sort): Remove unwanted items.
2. Seiton (Set in Order): Arrange items
properly.
3. Seiso (Shine): Clean workplace daily.
4. Seiketsu (Standardize): Maintain
standards.
5. Shitsuke (Sustain): Periodic audits.
🟨 B) Benefits of Good Housekeeping
1. Reduces accidents.
2. Improves efficiency.
3. Saves time.
4. Enhances morale.
5. Reduces fire hazards.
🟨 C) Responsibilities of Housekeeping Head (10 Points)
1. Daily inspections.
2. Waste management.
3. Maintenance of storage areas.
4. Ensuring cleanliness.
5. Training workers.
6. Monitoring PPE use.
7. Reporting hazards.
8. Coordinating with departments.
9. Implementing 5S.
10. Maintaining records.
⭐ GROUP 6 — SAFETY PERFORMANCE MONITORING
📌 Similar Questions
1. Three safety performance indicators – 5M
2. Frequency rate & incidence rate – 3M
3. How to monitor safety performance – 3M
4. Reactive measures – 14M part
⭐ MOST IMPORTANT:
✔ Three Measurement Indicators – 5 Marks
⭐ ANSWER — SAFETY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
🟨 A) Three Indicators (5M)
⭐ Frequency Rate
1. Tells how often accidents happen.
2. Calculated per 1 million man-hours.
3. Higher number = more frequent accidents.
⭐ Severity Rate
1. Tells how serious the accidents are.
2. Based on lost workdays.
3. Higher number = more severe injuries.
⭐ Incidence Rate
1. Number of injuries per 1000 workers.
2. Shows chance of a worker getting injured.
3. Higher number = unsafe workplace.
🟨 B) How to Monitor Safety Performance (3M)
1. Accident statistics.
2. Near-miss reporting.
3. Safety audits.
4. Inspections.
5. Safety meetings.