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Dimensional Analysis Worksheet

The document presents a series of dimensional analysis problems related to fluid mechanics, focusing on deriving relationships for pressure loss in pipes, thrust of screw propellers, volumetric flow rates, torque on discs, and pressure in journal bearings. Each problem requires demonstrating how various parameters like diameter, density, viscosity, and velocity relate to the physical phenomena described. The use of dimensional analysis is emphasized to derive these relationships without simply equating dimensions.

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abhinavravikumar147
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3 views3 pages

Dimensional Analysis Worksheet

The document presents a series of dimensional analysis problems related to fluid mechanics, focusing on deriving relationships for pressure loss in pipes, thrust of screw propellers, volumetric flow rates, torque on discs, and pressure in journal bearings. Each problem requires demonstrating how various parameters like diameter, density, viscosity, and velocity relate to the physical phenomena described. The use of dimensional analysis is emphasized to derive these relationships without simply equating dimensions.

Uploaded by

abhinavravikumar147
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Dimensional Analysis Problems

Note : The answer is not equating the dimensions of LHS and RHS. Marks will not be given to such
an approach for exam. You need to derive the relationship by dimensional analysis.

1. Show using dimensional analysis that a rational formula for the loss of pressure when a fluid
flows through geometrically similar pipes is

( )
2
ρl v vdρ
P= φ
d μ

where d is the diameter of the pipe, l is the length of the pipe, v is the mean velocity of flow through
the pipe, ρ is the density, µ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid and φ means “a function of”.

The thrust F of a screw propeller is dependent upon the diametr d, speed of advance v, fluid density
ρ, revolutions per second n and viscosity µ. Show by dimensional analysis that the thrust can be
expressed by the equation,

F=ρ d 2 v 2 φ ( vdρμ , dnv )


where φ means “a function of”.

2. The volumetric flow rate through an orifice q, is dependent upon the density ρ, dynamic
viscosity µ the of the fluid, orifice diameter d and pressure difference p across the orifice. Show
by dimensional analysis that

q=d 2
√ ( √)
p ρd p
ρ
φ
μ
,
ρ

where φ means “a function of”.

3. By dimensional analysis show that flow of liquid over a rectangular notch can be expressed by

( )
1/ 2 3 1 /2
q 1/ 2 3 1/ 2 ρg H L
=g H φ ,
L μ H

Where L = notch width


H = head over notch
ρ = liquid density
µ = viscosity
g = acceleration due to gravity
q = volumetric flow rate
φ means “a function of”.

4. Show by dimensional analysis that the torque T required to rotate a disc of diameter d at an
angular velocity ω in a fluid of density ρ and viscosity µ is given by

( )
2
5 3 ρd ω
T =d ω ρ φ
μ

where φ means “a function of”.

5. Show by dimensional analysis that, for a hydrostatic journal bearing, the relationship between
the pressure of the oil at the inlet port p, the inlet port diameter d, housing diameter D, mean
radial clearance h, mean velocity u through the inlet port, density ρ and viscosity µ of fluid is
given by

p=d 5 ω 3 ρφ ( ρudμ , Dd , hd )
where φ means “a function of”.

6. Show by dimensional analysis that, for screw propeller, the relation between thrust F, torque T,
diameter D, speed of advance u, speed of rotation N, fluid density ρ and fluid viscosity µ may be
put in the form

( )
3 2
2 2 ρ D u ND ρud
F=ρ D u φ , ,
T u μ

where φ means “a function of”.

The pressure rise ΔP generated by a pump depends upon the impeller diameter D, the rotational
speed of the impeller N, fluid density ρ, fluid viscosity µ and the rate of volumetric discharge q. By
dimensional analysis, show that the relationship between the variables may be expressed as

( )
2
2 2 q ρ ND
∆ P=ρ N D φ 3
,
ND μ

where φ means “a function of”.

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