BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 ✓ Dimensions

✓ Specifications
OVERVIEW OF WORKING DRAWING
✓ Section Line
DOCUMENTS
✓ Number Label: Indicator of how
Conceptual Design Vs. Technical Drawings many drawings is there in a sheet. It
also notes the exact sheet number of
- Conceptual design includes building
a particular drawing.
proposals, reconstructions, graduate
✓ Elevation Symbols
projects, masterplans and renderings
✓ Section lines/Cutting lines seen on
showing unbuilt ideas.
floor plans and elevations
✓ Common tags seen on working
drawings
Technical Drawings or The Construction
✓ Blowup tags
Working Drawings
✓ Elevation-section tags
- Architectural Working drawings, often ✓ Section Line Indicator
referred to as good for construction ✓ Materials Code Tag
drawings (GFC), are detailed, ✓ Different kinds of lines used in plans
dimensioned illustrations provided by and elevations
the architect. These drawings offer
the necessary graphical information
for contractors to carry out
construction or for suppliers to
manufacture components of the
project.

Floorplans
- a floor plan is a drawing to scale,
showing a view from above, of the
relationships between rooms, spaces,
traffic patterns, and other physical
features at one level of a structure. Working Drawings Components:
Dimensions are usually drawn
- Architectural Working Drawings
between the walls to specify room
o Architectural General Notes
sizes and wall lengths.
o Perspectives Site Development
Plan
o Vicinity Map
Things To Consider When Drafting Your
o Location Map
Floorplans
o Signatories Mounting Height
✓ Line weights Details
✓ Furniture Layout o Architectural Floor Plans
✓ Appropriate Hatches o Roof Plan Construction Floor
✓ Door and Window Tags Plans
✓ Drawing Tags o Floor Pattern Layout
o Reflected Ceiling plans showers), plumbing
o Front Elevation layouts, tile patterns,
o Rear Elevation finishes, ventilation,
o Right-side Elevation lighting, and accessibility
o Left-side Elevation features. These drawings
o Cross Section ensure that the
o Longitudinal Section bathroom is functional,
o Architectural Bay Section meets code
o Doors Schedule requirements, and
o Windows Schedule adheres to the design
o Stairs Details intent
o Bay Section - Structural Working Drawings
▪ The bay section illustrates o Construction Notes
the building's structural o Foundation Plan
and spatial o Floor Framing Plan
configuration, showing o Roof Framing Plan
elements such as floors, o Roofing Plan
ceilings, walls, and o Slab Detail Column Details
sometimes interior o Footing Details
components like o Beam Details
furniture. It's used to - Mechanical Working Drawings
convey the design and - Electrical Working Drawings
construction details of a o Electrical General Notes
particular segment of o Electrical Legends
the building, highlighting o Power Layout
the relationship between o Lighting Layout
different architectural o Riser Diagram
features within that bay. o Schedule of Loads
o Details Of Toilet and Bath o Computation of Loads
▪ Refers to the specific - Plumbing And Sanitary Working
architectural and Drawings
construction drawings o Plumbing General Notes
that provide precise o Plumbing and Sanitary Details
information about the o Septic Tank Details
design, layout, and o Waterline Layout
installation of o Roughing ins Layout
components within a - Fire Protection And Alarm System
bathroom. Working Drawings
▪ These details typically
include plans,
elevations, sections, and FLOOR MATERIALS
sometimes 3D views that
Concrete
show the positioning of
fixtures (such as toilets, Plain Concrete Flooring
sinks, bathtubs, and
 - Made from poured concrete slab Self-Leveling Concrete
- Common in garages, warehouses,
- Flowable concrete that levels itself
basements, and industrial spaces
without manual spreading
- Durable, easy to clean, and
- Used for under laments or final
economical
flooring in commercial/industrial
settings
Polished Concrete
- Mechanically ground and polished Terrazzo (with Cement Binder)
concrete surface
- Mix of marble chips and cement
- Smooth, reflective finish
binder poured in place or precast
- Common in commercial spaces,
- Ground and polished to a smooth
showrooms, and modern interiors
finish
- Highly decorative and long-lasting
Stamped Concrete
- Concrete surface textured or Exposed Aggregate Concrete
patterned to resemble brick, stone,
- Surface of concrete where top layer
tile, or wood
is removed to expose decorative
- Used for patios, driveways, walkways,
aggregates (gravel, stones)
and decorative floors
- Used in outdoor walkways, pool
decks, and driveways
Stained Concrete
- Concrete colored with acid- or Precast Concrete Tiles or Slabs
water-based stains
- Factory-made concrete tiles used for
- Produces rich tones and variegated
flooring
patterns
- Available in various textures and
- Used in residential and commercial
colors
floors
- Used in commercial lobbies,
sidewalks, and plazas
Epoxy-Coated Concrete
- Concrete base coated with epoxy Tiles
resin
- Concrete provides a stable and solid
- Chemical-resistant, seamless, high-
base for tile
gloss finish
- Long-lasting and moisture-resistant
- Ideal for labs, hospitals, kitchens, and
when installed properly
garages
- Ideal for floors, patios, basements,
bathrooms, and kitchens
Steel Glass
Steel Floor Decking (Metal Decking) Structural Glass Flooring
- Description: Corrugated steel sheets - Description: Thick, laminated and
used as a formwork for concrete slabs tempered glass panels designed to
- Function: Acts as both a permanent support foot traffic
form and tensile reinforcement - Layers: Usually consists of 3+ layers for
- Used in: High-rise buildings, strength and safety
commercial and industrial floors - Uses:
o Skywalks
o Stair treads
Steel Floor Decking (Metal Decking) o Observation decks
o Mezzanines
- Features:
Raised Access Flooring with Steel Panels o High transparency
o Load-bearing
- Description: Modular floor panels with
o Often combined with anti-slip
steel tops and bottoms, often filled
coatings
with cementitious core
- Purpose: Allows access to underfloor
cabling, HVAC, and wiring
Structural Glass Flooring
- Common in: Data centers, offices,
and control rooms - Festival Mall, Alabang

Steel Grating Structural Glass Flooring

- Description: Open grid flooring made

of steel bars
Glass Block Flooring
- Advantages: Non-slip, allows
drainage, and ventilation - Description: Solid or hollow glass
- Used in: Catwalks, mezzanines, blocks set in metal or concrete
industrial plants, and outdoor framing
walkways - Uses:
o Light wells
o Sidewalk inserts
Polished Stainless-Steel Tiles or Panels (for o Interior design features
aesthetic use) - Features:
o Translucent (not fully
- Description: Thin stainless-steel tiles
transparent)
applied on top of floors for
o Decorative and allows light to
decorative finishes
pass through
- Used in: High-end commercial or
o Non-load bearing unless
artistic interiors
reinforced properly
Glass Block Flooring Structural Steel Framed Wall
- Description: Wall is part of a load-
bearing steel frame system, with infill
LED-Embedded Glass Flooring
made from masonry, concrete
- Description: Structural or laminated panels, or insulated wall panels.
glass embedded with LED lights or - Uses: High-rise buildings, industrial
interactive lighting systems facilities. High strength, long spans
- Use: High-end commercial spaces, possible, adaptable to different
events, showrooms cladding materials.
- Features:
o Dynamic visuals
o Customizable lighting Perforated panels
o Can still be load-bearing
- Description: are metal sheets or
panels with regularly or custom-
shaped holes punched, cut, or laser-
Considerations
cut into them
- Needs proper structural support - Uses: modern façade designs.
- Must be tempered/laminated for - Advantages: used for façades,
safety shading, ventilation, or decorative
- Slippery when wet unless treated purposes while allowing partial light
- Higher cost than traditional floor and airflow
materials
Advantages of Glass Flooring
Aluminum Composite Panel
- Aesthetic appeal and modern look
- Description: Uses steel sheets or
- Allows natural light transmission
panels as the exterior skin, often with
- Visually expands space
insulation layers.
- Can be combined with steel or
- Uses: Building façades (commercial,
concrete framing for structure
institutional, residential)
- Advantages: lightweight, durable,
weather-resistant, and versatile
WALL MATERIALS
cladding materials that offer a wide
Steel range of design options at a cost-
effective price.
Metal Stud Wall (Drywall)
- Description: Similar to timber stud
walls but made with cold-formed Glass
galvanized steel studs and tracks.
Curtain Wall
- Uses: Interior partitions, non-load-
bearing walls in commercial and - Description: Non-load-bearing glass
residential buildings. Drywall is façade supported by an aluminum or
typically made from gypsum. steel frame.
- Uses: High-rise buildings, offices, malls.
 - Advantages: Sleek modern look, Tempered (Toughened) Glass
allows maximum daylight.
- Heat-treated for increased strength
and safety; breaks into small blunt
pieces.
Glass Partition Wall
- Used for doors, partitions, facades,
- Description: Interior wall made and shower enclosures.
entirely of glass, often frameless or
with slim frames.
- Uses: Offices, conference rooms. Laminated Glass
- Advantages: Maintains openness
- Two or more glass layers bonded with
and visibility while dividing spaces.
a plastic interlayer (PVB or EVA)
- Shatter-resistant, provides security
and sound insulation.
Glass Partition Wall
- Description: Wall built using thick glass
blocks joined with mortar. Tinted Glass
- Uses: Bathrooms, feature walls,
- Colored glass that reduces glare and
daylighting.
solar heat gain.
- Advantages: Diffuses light while
- Used for building facades and
maintaining privacy.
automotive windows.

Double-Glazed (Insulated) Glass Wall

Frosted / Acid-Etched Glass
- Description: Two or more layers of
- Surface treated to create a
glass separated by an air or gas-filled
translucent, matte finish for privacy.
space.
- Used for bathroom windows,
- Uses: Exterior walls needing thermal
partitions, and decorative panels.
and sound insulation
- Advantages: Energy efficiency and
noise reduction.
Low-E (Low Emissivity) Glass
- Coated with a thin metallic layer to
Types Of Glass reflect infrared heat while allowing
visible light.
Float Glass
- Used for energy-efficient windows.
- Standard, clear, flat glass produced
by floating molten glass on molten tin.
- Used for windows, mirrors, and Wired Glass
general glazing.
- Mesh of wire embedded inside the
glass for fire resistance and safety.
- Used in fire-rated doors and windows.
Concrete Metal Ceiling Panels (Steel Sheets)
Cast-In-Place (Poured) Concrete Wall - Description: Pre-painted or powder-
coated steel sheets shaped into flat,
- Description: Concrete poured into
perforated, or corrugated panels.
formwork on site.
- Uses: Offices, commercial spaces,
- Uses: Structural walls, retaining walls,
industrial facilities e.g. perforated
basements.
steel panel
- Advantages: High strength,
- Advantages: Durable, fire-resistant,
monolithic, customizable shapes.
easy to clean, can integrate lighting
and HVAC.

Precast Concrete Wall

- Description: Concrete panels cast in Steel Baffle Ceiling
a factory and transported to site
- Description: Long vertical steel strips
- Uses: Building façades, boundary
suspended to create a linear open-
walls, modular construction.
ceiling effect.
- Advantages: High quality control, fast
- Uses: Airports, malls, public lobbies.
installation.
- Advantages: Enhances acoustics,
hides utilities while keeping an open
feel.
Concrete Block Wall (CMU – Concrete
Masonry Unit)
- Description: Walls built from hollow or Steel T-Bar Grid (for Drop Ceilings)
solid concrete blocks with mortar.
- Description: Galvanized steel grid
- Uses: Load-bearing and non-load-
that supports lay-in ceiling tiles.
bearing walls, partitions.
- Uses: Commercial offices, hospitals,
- Advantages: Affordable, easy to
schools.
build, fire-resistant.
- Advantages: Easy access to utilities,
modular, durable.

Reinforced Concrete Wall

- Description: Concrete wall with steel Glass
reinforcement bars (rebar) for tensile
Skylight Glass Ceiling
strength.
- Uses: High-rise cores, retaining walls, - Description: Overhead glass panels
structural shear walls. in a roof frame to bring in natural
- Advantages: Handles both light.
compression and tension forces. - Variants: Fixed, vented/openable.
- Common Glass: Laminated or
double-glazed tempered for safety
CEILING MATERIALS and insulation.

Steel