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Data Science

The document provides an overview of data science tools and the importance of Python in the field, highlighting its simple syntax and extensive libraries. It discusses data types, the significance of data science in decision-making, and outlines essential tools like NumPy, Pandas, and Jupyter Notebook. Additionally, it covers data preprocessing steps and introduces basic operations and functionalities of the NumPy library for numerical computing.

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2 views5 pages

Data Science

The document provides an overview of data science tools and the importance of Python in the field, highlighting its simple syntax and extensive libraries. It discusses data types, the significance of data science in decision-making, and outlines essential tools like NumPy, Pandas, and Jupyter Notebook. Additionally, it covers data preprocessing steps and introduces basic operations and functionalities of the NumPy library for numerical computing.

Uploaded by

digitizationharidwarcourt04
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Data Science Tools & Environment Setup

Introduction to Data Science Tools

Why Python for Data Science?


 Simple and readable syntax
 Large ecosystem of libraries
 Strong community support
 Widely used in AI, ML, analytics
Python acts as the foundation for data science work.

🔹 What is Data Science?


 Data Science is a field that uses:

o Mathematics

o Statistics

o Programming

 It helps to extract meaningful insights from data.

🔹 Types of Data
 Structured Data → Organized (tables, databases)

 Unstructured Data → Raw data (images, videos, text)

🔹 Why Data Science?


 Improve decision-making

 Predict future trends

 Enhance customer experience

 Increase business revenue

Tools Used in Data Science


🔹 Programming Languages
 Python (most popular)
🔹 Python Libraries
 NumPy → Numerical computing

 Pandas → Data analysis

 Matplotlib / Seaborn → Visualization

 Scikit-learn → Machine Learning

🔹 Other Tools
 Jupyter Notebook

 Google Colab

 Excel, Power BI

Pre-Processing in Data Science


🔹 What is Data Preprocessing?
Process of converting raw data into clean and usable form
🔹 Steps in Preprocessing
1. Data Cleaning
o Remove missing values

o Handle duplicates

2. Data Transformation
o Convert data types

o Normalize / scale data

3. Data Reduction
o Remove unnecessary data

4. Data Integration
o Combine data from multiple sources

🔹 Importance
 Improves accuracy of analysis

 Makes data ready for modeling

2️⃣ NumPy – Numerical Computing


What is NumPy?
 A Python library for numerical computing

Works with N-dimensional arrays

Installing NumPy
pip install numpy
or
python -m pip install numpy

For pip : python -m ensurepip –upgrade


Python -m pip --version

Basic Example

import numpy as np

arr = [Link]([1, 2, 3, 4])


print(arr)
Output:
[1 2 3 4]

Array:
An array is like a list but more powerful.
1D Array
a = [Link]([1, 2, 3])
2D Array (like a table)
b = [Link]([[1, 2], [3, 4]])

Basic Operations
arr1 = [Link]([1, 2, 3])

print(arr1 + 2) # [3 4 5]
print(arr1 * 2) # [2 4 6]
Operations happen on every element (very fast!)

Useful Functions
[Link](3) # [0. 0. 0.]
[Link](3) # [1. 1. 1.]
[Link](1, 5) # [1 2 3 4]
[Link](a) # Average
[Link](a) # Sum

Indexing (Accessing Values)


a = [Link]([10, 20, 30])

print(a[0]) # 10
print(a[1]) # 20
Reshaping Arrays
a = [Link]([1, 2, 3, 4])

print([Link](2, 2))
Output:
[[1 2]
[3 4]]

Purpose:
 Work with arrays
 Perform mathematical operations
 Handle large numerical datasets efficiently
🔹 Example:
import numpy as np

arr = [Link]([1, 2, 3, 4])


print([Link]())

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