Basic Practical Programs for NumPy (Beginner Level)
1. Import NumPy
import numpy as np
2. Create a NumPy Array
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print(arr)
Output
[1 2 3 4 5]
3. Create Array with Zeros
import numpy as np
arr = [Link](5)
print(arr)
Output
[0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
4. Create Array with Ones
import numpy as np
arr = [Link](4)
print(arr)
Output
[1. 1. 1. 1.]
5. Create Array Using arange()
import numpy as np
arr = [Link](1, 10)
print(arr)
Output
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
6. Create Even Numbers Array
import numpy as np
arr = [Link](2, 21, 2)
print(arr)
Output
[ 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20]
7. Find Shape of Array
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
print([Link])
Output
(2, 2)
8. Array Addition
import numpy as np
a = [Link]([1, 2, 3])
b = [Link]([4, 5, 6])
print(a + b)
Output
[5 7 9]
9. Array Multiplication
import numpy as np
a = [Link]([1, 2, 3])
print(a * 2)
Output
[2 4 6]
10. Find Maximum and Minimum
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([5, 2, 8, 1, 9])
print("Maximum:", [Link](arr))
print("Minimum:", [Link](arr))
Output
Maximum: 9
Minimum: 1
11. Find Sum and Average
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([10, 20, 30, 40])
print("Sum:", [Link](arr))
print("Average:", [Link](arr))
Output
Sum: 100
Average: 25.0
12. Reshape Array
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
new_arr = [Link](2, 3)
print(new_arr)
Output
[[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]]
13. Random Numbers Array
import numpy as np
arr = [Link](1, 100, 5)
print(arr)
Example Output
[45 12 88 34 67]
14. Indexing in NumPy Array
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([10, 20, 30, 40])
print(arr[2])
Output
30
15. Slicing in NumPy Array
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
print(arr[1:5])
Output
[2 3 4 5]
16. 2D Array Example
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([[1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6]])
print(arr)
Output
[[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]]
17. Transpose of Matrix
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([[1, 2],
[3, 4]])
print(arr.T)
Output
[[1 3]
[2 4]]
18. Identity Matrix
import numpy as np
arr = [Link](3)
print(arr)
Output
[[1. 0. 0.]
[0. 1. 0.]
[0. 0. 1.]]
19. Check Data Type
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([1, 2, 3])
print([Link])
Output
int64
20. Convert List into NumPy Array
import numpy as np
lst = [5, 10, 15, 20]
arr = [Link](lst)
print(arr)
Output
[ 5 10 15 20]
What is Pandas in Python?
pandas is a Python library used for:
Storing data
Organizing data
Cleaning data
Analyzing data
It works like an Excel sheet inside Python.
Why Pandas is Used?
Pandas helps to work with:
Tables
Rows and columns
CSV files
Excel files
Large datasets
It is widely used in:
Data Science
Data Analysis
Machine Learning
Business Reports
Install Pandas
pip install pandas
Import Pandas
import pandas as pd
pd is a short name for pandas.
Main Data Structures in Pandas
1. Series
A Series is a single column of data.
Example:
import pandas as pd
data = [Link]([10, 20, 30, 40])
print(data)
Output
0 10
1 20
2 30
3 40
dtype: int64
2. DataFrame
A DataFrame is a table with rows and columns.
Example:
import pandas as pd
data = {
"Name": ["Riya", "Aman", "Neha"],
"Marks": [85, 90, 78]
}
df = [Link](data)
print(df)
Output
Name Marks
0 Riya 85
1 Aman 90
2 Neha 78
Basic Pandas Operations
View First Rows
print([Link]())
Check Column Names
print([Link])
Get Information About Data
print([Link]())
Find Average
print(df["Marks"].mean())
Find Maximum Value
print(df["Marks"].max())
Select One Column
print(df["Name"])
Select Multiple Columns
print(df[["Name", "Marks"]])
Read CSV File
df = pd.read_csv("[Link]")
print(df)
Save Data to CSV
df.to_csv("[Link]")
Simple Real-Life Example
Imagine an Excel sheet:
Name Age City
Riya 20 Delhi
Aman 22 Mumbai
Pandas stores and manages this type of data easily.
Advantages of Pandas
Fast data handling
Easy filtering and sorting
Works with Excel/CSV
Useful for charts and analysis
Saves time in data processing
Difference Between NumPy and Pandas
NumPy Pandas
Works with arrays Works with tables
Numerical operations Data analysis
Faster for math Better for structured data
Beginner Practice Task
import pandas as pd
student = {
"Name": ["A", "B", "C"],
"Marks": [80, 75, 90]
}
df = [Link](student)
print(df)
print("Average Marks:", df["Marks"].mean())