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P.S. BATCH ATO 24th July, 2026
MATHS | PROBLEMS ON PERCENTAGE P2
Q1. A number is first increased by 25% and then decreased by 20%. The final value is 120. What was the original
number?
(A) 118 (B) 120 (C) 125 (D) 130 (E) None of these
Q2. The price of sugar is increased by 20%. By what percentage should a family's consumption of sugar be reduced
so that the total expenditure on sugar remains unchanged?
(A) 16% (B) 16⅔% (C) 18% (D) 20% (E) None of these
Q3. In an examination, a candidate scores 35% marks and fails by 39 marks. Another candidate scores 48% marks
and secures 13 marks more than the passing marks. Find the maximum marks.
(A) 350 (B) 400 (C) 450 (D) 500 (E) None of these
Q4. The population of a town increases by 10% in the first year and decreases by 10% in the second year. If the
present population is 49,500, what was the population two years ago?
(A) 49,000 (B) 50,000 (C) 52,000 (D) 55,000 (E) None of these
Q5. A student obtains 30% of the total marks and fails by 42 marks. Another student obtains 42% marks and gets 18
marks more than the pass marks. What is the passing percentage?
(A) 34% (B) 35% (C) 36% (D) 38% (E) None of these
Q6. A's salary is 20% more than B's salary. By what percentage is B's salary less than A's salary?
(A) 15% (B) 16⅔% (C) 18% (D) 20% (E) None of these
Q7. The value of a machine depreciates by 15% every year. If its present value is ₹61,412.50, what was its value 2
years ago?
(A) ₹80,000 (B) ₹82,500 (C) ₹85,000 (D) ₹90,000 (E) None of these
Q8. The income of a person increases by 25% while his expenditure increases by 20%. If initially he saved 20% of
his income, by what percentage does his saving increase?
(A) 35% (B) 40% (C) 45% (D) 50% (E) None of these
Q9. The price of petrol is reduced by 15%. By what percentage can a consumer increase his consumption so that the
expenditure remains the same?
(A) 15% (B) 17% (C) 17.65% (D) 18% (E) None of these
Q10. The production of a factory increased by 20% in the first year, 25% in the second year, and decreased by 20%
in the third year. By what percentage has the production changed overall compared to the original production?
(A) 18% (B) 20% (C) 22% (D) 24% (E) None of these
Q11. The price of an article is increased by 25% and then reduced by 20%. If the final price is ₹960, what was the
original price?
(A) ₹920 (B) ₹940 (C) ₹960 (D) ₹980 (E) None of these
Q12. In an election, 20% of the voters did not vote. Of the valid votes, Candidate A secured 60% votes and Candidate
B secured the remaining votes. If Candidate A won by 4,800 votes, find the total number of voters.
(A) 40,000 (B) 48,000 (C) 60,000 (D) 75,000 (E) None of these
Q13. A number is first increased by 40% and then decreased by 25%. The final value is what percentage of the
original number?
(A) 100% (B) 102% (C) 105% (D) 108% (E) None of these
Q14. The income of A is 25% more than that of B. B's income is 20% more than C's income. By what percentage is
A's income more than C's income?
(A) 45% (B) 48% (C) 50% (D) 52% (E) None of these
Q15. A student scored 72% marks and failed by 14 marks. Another student scored 78% marks and obtained 10
marks more than the passing marks. Find the passing percentage.
(A) 74% (B) 75% (C) 76% (D) 77% (E) None of these
Q16. A shopkeeper marks an article 40% above the cost price and allows a discount of 15%. His profit percentage is:
(A) 18% (B) 19% (C) 20% (D) 21% (E) None of these
Q17. The population of a city increases by 15% in the first year, 20% in the second year and decreases by 10% in the
third year. If the initial population was 50,000, the population after three years is:
(A) 61,100 (B) 62,000 (C) 62,100 (D) 63,200 (E) None of these
Q18. A trader mixes two varieties of rice costing ₹40/kg and ₹60/kg in the ratio 3 : 2. If he sells the mixture at 20%
profit, what should be the selling price per kg?
(A) ₹57.60 (B) ₹58.80 (C) ₹60.00 (D) ₹62.40 (E) None of these
Q19. A machine depreciates by 10% every year. If its value after 3 years is ₹72,900, what was its original value?
(A) ₹95,000 (B) ₹98,000 (C) ₹1,00,000 (D) ₹1,05,000 (E) None of these
Q20. The numerator of a fraction is increased by 20% and the denominator is decreased by 20%. By what percentage
does the value of the fraction increase?
(A) 40% (B) 45% (C) 50% (D) 56.25% (E) None of these
Q21. A number is increased by 20% and then decreased by 25%. If the final value is ₹1,080, what was the original
value?
(A) ₹1,150 (B) ₹1,180 (C) ₹1,200 (D) ₹1,250 (E) None of these
Q22. In an examination, 30% of the students failed in Mathematics, 25% failed in English and 12% failed in both
subjects. What percentage of students passed in both subjects?
(A) 55% (B) 57% (C) 60% (D) 62% (E) None of these
Q23. A's salary is 20% more than B's salary, and B's salary is 25% less than C's salary. A's salary is what percent of
C's salary?
(A) 85% (B) 90% (C) 95% (D) 100% (E) None of these
Q24. The population of a town decreases by 10% in the first year and increases by 20% in the second year. If the
population after two years is 54,000, what was the original population?
(A) 48,000 (B) 50,000 (C) 52,000 (D) 54,500 (E) None of these
Q25. A candidate scores 45% marks and fails by 30 marks. Another candidate scores 60% marks and secures 60
marks above the passing marks. Find the maximum marks.
(A) 500 (B) 600 (C) 700 (D) 800 (E) None of these
Q26. A shopkeeper marks an article 50% above the cost price and allows two successive discounts of 20% and 10%.
His profit percentage is:
(A) 5% (B) 8% (C) 10% (D) 12% (E) None of these
Q27. A machine depreciates by 20% every year. If its value after 3 years is ₹81,920, what was its original value?
(A) ₹1,50,000 (B) ₹1,55,000 (C) ₹1,60,000 (D) ₹1,65,000 (E) None of these
Q28. The income of a person increases by 20%, while his expenditure increases by 10%. Initially, he saved 25% of
his income. By what percentage do his savings increase?
(A) 45% (B) 50% (C) 60% (D) 70% (E) None of these
Q29. The price of diesel increases by 25%. By what percentage should its consumption be reduced so that the total
expenditure remains unchanged?
(A) 18% (B) 20% (C) 22% (D) 25% (E) None of these
Q30. The production of a factory increases by 10% in the first year, 20% in the second year and 25% in the third
year. By what percentage does the production increase overall?
(A) 60% (B) 62% (C) 65% (D) 67% (E) None of these
Q31. A salary is increased by 20% and then decreased by 10%. By what percentage should it now be increased to
restore it to its original value?
(A) 8.50% (B) 11.11% (C) 12.50% (D) 10% (E) None of these
Q32. The marked price of an article is 60% above its cost price. A shopkeeper allows two successive discounts of
20% and 15%. His profit percentage is:
(A) 6% (B) 8.80% (C) 10% (D) 12% (E) None of these
Q33. In an examination, 40% of the candidates failed in Mathematics, 30% failed in English and 15% failed in both
subjects. If 4,500 candidates passed in both subjects, find the total number of candidates.
(A) 7,500 (B) 8,000 (C) 9,000 (D) 10,000 (E) None of these
Q34. The population of a town increases by 20% in the first year, decreases by 10% in the second year and increases
by 25% in the third year. If the original population was 40,000, the population after three years is:
(A) 53,000 (B) 54,000 (C) 55,000 (D) 56,000 (E) None of these
Q35. A student scores 55% marks and fails by 45 marks. Another student scores 70% marks and secures 30 marks
more than the passing marks. Find the maximum marks.
(A) 450 (B) 500 (C) 550 (D) 600 (E) None of these
Q36. The income of a person increases by 30%, while his expenditure increases by 20%. Initially, he saved 30% of
his income. By what percentage do his savings increase?
(A) 46.67% (B) 53.33% (C) 60% (D) 70% (E) None of these
Q37. The price of a commodity is increased by 25%. By what percentage must its consumption be reduced so that the
total expenditure remains unchanged?
(A) 18% (B) 20% (C) 22% (D) 25% (E) None of these
Q38. The value of a machine depreciates by 20% every year. If its present value is ₹1,02,400, what was its value 2
years ago?
(A) ₹1,50,000 (B) ₹1,60,000 (C) ₹1,70,000 (D) ₹1,80,000 (E) None of these
Q39. A number is increased by 50% and then decreased by 40%. The final number is what percentage of the original
number?
(A) 80% (B) 85% (C) 90% (D) 95% (E) None of these
Q40. The production of a company increases by 15% in the first year, 20% in the second year and 10% in the third
year. What is the overall percentage increase in production?
(A) 48% (B) 50% (C) 51.80% (D) 52% (E) None of these
Q41. A shopkeeper marks an article 80% above its cost price and allows two successive discounts of 20% and 25%.
His profit percentage is:
(A) 5% (B) 8% (C) 10% (D) 12% (E) None of these
Q42. The population of a city increases by 25% in the first year, decreases by 20% in the second year and increases
by 10% in the third year. If the original population was 80,000, what is the population after three years?
(A) 86,000 (B) 87,000 (C) 88,000 (D) 90,000 (E) None of these
Q43. A candidate secures 48% marks and fails by 36 marks. Another candidate secures 60% marks and scores 24
marks above the passing marks. Find the maximum marks.
(A) 400 (B) 450 (C) 500 (D) 600 (E) None of these
Q44. A's income is 40% more than B's income. B's income is 20% less than C's income. By what percentage is A's
income more than C's income?
(A) 10% (B) 12% (C) 15% (D) 16.67% (E) None of these
Q45. A machine depreciates by 20% every year. If its value after 2 years is ₹1,28,000, what was its original value?
(A) ₹1,80,000 (B) ₹1,90,000 (C) ₹2,00,000 (D) ₹2,10,000 (E) None of these
Q46. The price of wheat increases by 20%. By what percentage should a family reduce its consumption so that the
total expenditure on wheat remains unchanged?
(A) 15% (B) 16⅔% (C) 18% (D) 20% (E) None of these
Q47. A person's income increases by 25%, while his expenditure increases by 20%. Initially, he saves 40% of his
income. By what percentage do his savings increase?
(A) 25% (B) 30% (C) 32.5% (D) 40% (E) None of these
Q48. The numerator of a fraction is increased by 25% and the denominator is increased by 20%. By what percentage
does the value of the fraction increase?
(A) 4% (B) 4.17% (C) 5% (D) 6% (E) None of these
Q49. In an election, 15% of the voters did not vote. Of the valid votes, Candidate A secured 55% and Candidate B
secured 45%. If Candidate A won by 6,800 votes, find the total number of voters.
(A) 70,000 (B) 75,000 (C) 80,000 (D) 85,000 (E) None of these
Q50. The production of a factory increases by 30% in the first year, decreases by 20% in the second year and
increases by 25% in the third year. By what percentage has the production changed overall compared to the original
production?
(A) 25% (B) 28% (C) 30% (D) 32% (E) None of these