SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE [1 X 14 = 14]
1. The diagram shows a solid block resting on a bench. The dimensions of the block are
shown.
On which labelled surface should the block rest to produce the smallest pressure on the
bench?
AP BQ CR D P, Q and R produce the same pressure
2. A skier is standing still on a flat area of snow.
The total weight of the skier is 550 N. The total area of his skis in contact with the ground is
0.015 m2. What is the pressure exerted on the ground by the skier?
A 0.83N/m2 B 8.3N/m2 C 3700N/m2 D 37 000N/m2
3. A force acts on an area to produce a pressure. Which changes produce the same
pressure?
A doubling the area and doubling the force
B doubling the area and halving the force
C doubling the area and making the force four times bigger
D halving the area and doubling the force
4. Four tanks contain water to the depths shown. At the bottom of which tank is the pressure
due to the water greatest?
5. A dam holds water in a reservoir. The height of the water in the reservoir is 15 m.
The density of water is 1000 kg/ m3. What is the pressure due to the water at the bottom of the
dam?
A 6.8Pa B 1500Pa C 15 000Pa D 150 000Pa
6. Which equation relates the work done W on an object by a force F when it moves a
distance d?
7. An electrician uses a lifting machine, as shown. The lifting machine takes 4.5 s to lift the
electrician a vertical height of 3.2 m.
The mass of the electrician is 72 kg. The energy for the lifting machine is supplied by a 2.0 kW
electric motor. What is the efficiency of the lifting machine?
A 0.026 B 0.25 C 0.50 D 0.75
8. A boy produces an average useful power output of 60W as he rides his bicycle for 2.0
minutes. How much useful energy does he transfer?
A 0.50 J B 30 J C 120 J D 7200 J
9. A car is travelling at a speed of 8.0 m/ s. The kinetic energy stored in the car is 32 000 J.
What is the kinetic energy stored in the car when its speed increases to 16m / s?
A 16 000 J B 32 000 J C 64 000 J D 130 000 J
10. Which row about the change of energy in the energy store must be correct?
11. The Sun is not the primary source of energy for which resource?
A oil B tidal C wind D wave
12. Which energy resource is non-renewable?
A biofuel B energy from the Sun C nuclear fuel D water behind a dam
13. A tennis ball with momentum 2.3kg m / s is struck by a tennis racket. The racket causes the
direction of motion of the ball to reverse.
The racket exerts an average force of 1500 N during the impact with the ball. The racket
and ball are in contact with each other for a time of 0.0024 s.
What is the magnitude of the momentum of the ball as it leaves the tennis racket?
A 1.3kg m/ s B 3.6kg m/ s C 5.9kg m/ s D 8.6kg m/ s
14. A small ball of mass 0.10 kg travels horizontally at a speed of 600 m/s. It strikes a
stationary wooden block of mass 1.9 kg resting on a frictionless horizontal surface. The ball
stays in the block. What is the speed of the ball and the block immediately after the impact?
A 30 m /s B 32 m/s C 60 m/s D 130 m/s
SECTION B: STRUCTURED QUESTIONS [Total = 36]
1. (a) A boy weighs 620N. Calculate the mass of the boy.
mass of boy = ..................................................... kg [2]
(b) Fig. 3.1 shows another boy sitting on a solid block of wood.
The total weight of the boy and the block is 1200N. The area of the block of wood in contact
with the ground is 0.16m2 . Calculate the pressure exerted on the ground.
pressure = ................................................N/m2 [2]
2. (a) Fig. 3.1 shows a person moving across an ice-covered pond to reach a ball on the ice.
Explain why this way of moving across the ice is safer than walking. Use your understanding of
pressure in your answer.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) Fig. 3.2 shows a side view of the pond with a layer of ice floating freely on the water.
The surface area of the pond is 5.0m2. The mass of the ice is 690kg. The density of water is
1000kg/m3. Point X is 0.45m below the ice. Calculate the pressure at point X due to the ice and
the water.
pressure = ......................................................... [4]
3. Fig. 4.1 shows a student using a battery-powered device.
(a) State the energy store in the battery
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) The student pushes the device along the floor at a constant speed with a horizontal force
of 14N. The student pushes the device for a distance of 4.5m. Calculate the mechanical
work done by the force pushing the device.
work done = ....................................................... J [2]
(c) The student uses the device for a time of 30s. The energy input to the device is 5400J.
Calculate the power input to the device.
power input = ..................................................... W [2]
4. (a) State two energy resources for which radiation from the Sun is the main source of
energy.
1 ...............................................................................................................................................
2 ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) A wind turbine is used to generate electricity. The useful output from the turbine in 1.0s is
6000J. The kinetic energy of the wind hitting the turbine in 1.0s is 11000J. The velocity of the
wind hitting the turbine is 6.3m/ s.
(i) Show that the mass of air hitting the turbine each second is approximately 550kg.
[2]
(ii) Calculate the efficiency of the turbines. You may assume that all the kinetic energy stored in
the wind is transferred to the turbine.
efficiency = ......................................................% [2]
(iii) Tidal energy and wind energy are both renewable energy resources. Suggest one reason
why tidal energy is a more useful energy resource than wind energy. Ignore the costs of
construction and maintenance.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
5. Fig. 4.1 shows a flow diagram for the energy transferred in a television.
(a) (i) State two ways in which useful energy is transferred from the television.
1 .....................................................................................................................................................
2 ................................................................................................................................................ [2]
(ii) Determine the value of the wasted energy output from the television.
wasted energy = ...................................................... J [1]
6. The government of a country decides to reduce the amount of fossil fuel burned for
generating electrical power.
(a) State two reasons, apart from cost, for reducing the amount of fossil fuel burned.
1 ................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
2 ................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) Hydroelectric power stations are expensive to build. State two other disadvantages of
using a hydroelectric power station to generate electrical power.
1 ........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [2]
7. Trolley A and trolley B are on a horizontal, frictionless bench. Trolley A moves to the right
with a constant velocity u = 0.44m/s. Trolley B is stationary. Fig. 2.1 shows trolley A before
it collides with trolley B.
(a) State the momentum of trolley B before the collision. Explain your answer.
statement................................................................................................................................
explanation...............................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) After the collision, the two trolleys are joined together and travel with a constant velocity v =
0.18m/s to the right. The mass of trolley A is 0.75kg.
Calculate the mass of trolley B.
mass of trolley B = ......................................................... [3]
(c) (i) The trolleys move onto a rough surface which exerts a constant force F on the trolleys
and brings them to rest in 2.6s. Calculate F.
F = ......................................................... [2]