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em-unit4-mcqs
Unit 4 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) – 30 MCQs
1. PMSM rotor contains
Salient poles with winding
Permanent magnets
Laminated soft iron without magnets
None
Answer b
2. PMSM is classified as
Salient-pole PMSM
Non-salient (cylindrical rotor) PMSM
Both a and b
Only salient-pole
Answer c
3. PMSM EMF equation is
E=Ke⋅ωE = K_e \cdot \omegaE=Ke⋅ω
E=LdidtE = L \frac{di}{dt}E=Ldtdi
E=I⋅RE = I \cdot RE=I⋅R
None
Answer a
4. Torque in PMSM is proportional to
Rotor flux and stator current
Only rotor flux
Only stator current
Voltage only
Answer a
5. PMSM torque equation is
T=Kt⋅IT = K_t \cdot IT=Kt⋅I
T=Ke⋅ωT = K_e \cdot \omegaT=Ke⋅ω
T=V/IT = V/IT=V/I
T=I2⋅RT = I^2 \cdot RT=I2⋅R
Answer a
6. Phasor diagram of PMSM is used to
Represent voltage, current, and flux
Calculate mechanical power only
Represent only stator flux
Represent only rotor flux
Answer a
7. Salient-pole PMSM produces torque from
Interaction of rotor and stator flux
Reluctance difference (saliency)
Both a and b
Only mechanical force
Answer c
8. Non-salient PMSM produces torque primarily from
Reluctance
Magnet torque
Friction
Induced current
Answer b
9. PMSM requires
Mechanical commutation
Electronic control for AC supply
DC supply only
Rotor winding
Answer b
10. PMSM can be controlled by
Voltage-source inverter (VSI)
Current-source inverter (CSI)
Both VSI and CSI
None
Answer c
11. Field-oriented control (FOC) is used in PMSM to
Control torque and flux independently
Only control speed
Only reduce losses
Only control torque
Answer a
12. PMSM speed control can be achieved by
Adjusting inverter voltage/frequency
Changing rotor magnets
Using resistors in series
None
Answer a
13. PMSM applications include
Electric vehicles
Robotics
Industrial drives
All of the above
Answer d
14. Sensor-based PMSM control uses
Hall sensors
Encoders or resolvers
Both a and b
None
Answer c
15. Sensor-less PMSM control detects rotor position using
Back EMF
Mechanical switches
Resistors
Capacitors
Answer a
16. PMSM has
High efficiency
High power density
Precise speed control
All of the above
Answer d
17. Voltage equations for PMSM in d-q frame help to
Calculate torque
Control current
Model dynamics of PMSM
All of the above
Answer d
18. Maximum torque per ampere control in PMSM is used to
Maximize efficiency
Reduce losses
Limit current
All of the above
Answer d
19. PMSM rotor can be
Surface-mounted PM
Interior PM
Both a and b
Salient winding
Answer c
20. PMSM torque-speed characteristic is
Constant torque at low speed, constant power at high speed
Linear at all speeds
Exponential
None
Answer a
21. PMSM advantages include
High efficiency
Low maintenance
Compact size
All of the above
Answer d
22. PMSM disadvantages include
Higher cost than induction motors
Requires inverter and controller
Complex design
All of the above
Answer d
23. PMSM power controller functions include
Voltage conversion
Current control
Commutation and flux/torque control
All of the above
Answer d
24. PMSM can operate in
Open-loop
Closed-loop
Both
None
Answer c
25. Torque ripple in PMSM can be reduced by
Skewed rotor
Current shaping
Both a and b
None
Answer c
26. PMSM excitation is provided by
DC field winding
Permanent magnets on rotor
Series winding
Shunt winding
Answer b
27. PMSM synchronous speed depends on
Supply frequency and pole number
Rotor flux only
Applied voltage
Load torque
Answer a
28. Non-salient rotor PMSM has
Negligible reluctance torque
Only magnet torque
Both a and b
None
Answer a
29. Surface-mounted PMSM is preferred for
High-speed applications
Low-speed high-torque applications
Both
None
Answer a
30. PMSM drives are widely used in
Electric vehicles
Robotics
Aerospace actuators
All of the above
Answer d
MCQs on PMSM
1. Characteristic Features
1. A key advantage of PMSM over induction motors is:
a) No rotor copper losses
b) Requires brushes for excitation
c) Lower power factor at all loads
d) High rotor inertia
Answer: a) No rotor copper losses
2. PMSM generally operates with:
a) Variable reluctance torque only
b) Constant torque over a wide speed range
c) High slip during steady-state
d) No field excitation requirement from stator
Answer: b) Constant torque over a wide speed range
2. EMF and Torque Equation
3. The back EMF of a PMSM is proportional to:
a) Rotor speed and flux from permanent magnets
b) Armature resistance
c) Stator leakage inductance
d) Square of current
Answer: a) Rotor speed and flux from permanent magnets
4. In PMSM, electromagnetic torque is given by:
a) Torque = (3/2) × p × (Ψm × iq)
b) Torque = V × I × cosφ
c) Torque = Flux × Resistance
d) Torque = (1/2) × L × I²
Answer: a) Torque = (3/2) × p × (Ψm × iq)
(where p = pole pairs, Ψm = flux linkage, iq = quadrature axis current)
3. Torque-Speed Characteristics, Phasor Representation
5. The torque–speed characteristic of PMSM is generally:
a) Drooping curve like induction motor
b) Flat and constant up to base speed
c) Strongly dependent on slip
d) Step-like characteristic
Answer: b) Flat and constant up to base speed
6. In PMSM phasor representation, the stator current is resolved into:
a) Active and reactive components
b) Direct-axis (id) and quadrature-axis (iq) components
c) Positive and negative sequence components
d) Real and imaginary flux components
Answer: b) Direct-axis (id) and quadrature-axis (iq) components
7. For maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control in PMSM:
a) id = 0 and iq is maximized
b) iq = 0 and id is maximized
c) Both id and iq are zero
d) Flux linkage is minimized
Answer: a) id = 0 and iq is maximized
4. Power Controllers, Digital Controllers
8. Power electronic controllers for PMSM are usually:
a) Controlled rectifiers
b) Current source inverters
c) Voltage source inverters with PWM
d) Cycloconverters only
Answer: c) Voltage source inverters with PWM
9. In digital PMSM drives, Field Oriented Control (FOC) is implemented to:
a) Reduce core losses
b) Control flux and torque independently
c) Minimize motor weight
d) Avoid permanent magnet demagnetization
Answer: b) Control flux and torque independently
10. A digital controller in PMSM converts control algorithms into:
a) Mechanical shaft motion directly
b) High-frequency analog signals
c) Discrete-time switching signals for inverter
d) Permanent magnet excitation
Answer: c) Discrete-time switching signals for inverter
5. Sensor and Sensor-less Control, Applications
11. Sensor-less control of PMSM is achieved by:
a) Measuring rotor flux using a tachogenerator
b) Estimating rotor position from back EMF or observers
c) Using slip measurement techniques
d) Stator resistance measurement only
**Answer: b) Estimating rotor position from back EMF or observers**
12. PMSMs are widely used in:
a) Ceiling fans
b) High-precision CNC machines and electric vehicles
c) Small toys only
d) Diesel generator excitation