Physics Formulas Formulas
Average Speed Formula S = d/t
Acceleration Formula a =v-u/t
Density Formula P=m/V
Power Formula P=W/t
Newton’s Second Law F=m×a
Weight Formula W=mg
Pressure Formula P=F/A
Ohm’s Law Formula V= I × R
Kinetic Energy Formula E = ½ mv²
Frequency Formula F =v/λ
Pendulum Formula T = 2π√L/g
Fahrenheit Formula F = (9/5× °C) + 32
Work Formula W = F × d × cosθ
Torque Formula T = F × r × sinθ
Displacement Formula ΔX = Xf–Xi
Mass Formula F = m × a or m = F/m
Amplitude Formula x = A sin (ωt + ϕ)
Tension Formula T= mg+ma
Important Physics Formulas
Given below is the most important Physics formulae list:
Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10−34 J.s = 4.136 × 10-15 eV.s
Gravitation constant G = 6.67×10−11 m3 kg−1 s−2
Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 × 10−23 J/K
Molar gas constant R = 8.314 J/(mol K)
Avogadro’s number NA = 6.023 × 1023 mol−1
Charge of electron e = 1.602 × 10−19 C
Permittivity of vacuum 0 = 8.85 × 10−12 F/m
Coulomb constant 1/4πε0 = 8.9875517923(14) × 109 N m2/C2
Faraday constant F = 96485 C/mol
Mass of electron me = 9.1 × 10−31 kg
Mass of proton mp = 1.6726 × 10−27 kg
Mass of neutron mn = 1.6749 × 10−27 kg
Stefan-Boltzmann constant σ = 5.67 × 10−8 W/(m2 K4)
Rydberg constant R∞ = 1.097 × 107 m−1
Bohr magneton µB = 9.27 × 10−24 J/T
Bohr radius a0 = 0.529 × 10−10 m
Standard atmosphere atm = 1.01325 × 105 Pa
Wien displacement constant b = 2.9 × 10−3 m K .
Wave = ∆x ∆t wave = average velocity ∆x = displacement ∆t = elapsed time.
Vavg = (vi + vf*)2
Vavg = The average velocity
vi = initial velocity
vf = final velocity
a = ∆v ∆t,
a = acceleration
∆v = change in velocity
∆t = elapsed time.
∆x = vi∆t + 1/2 a(∆t)2
∆x = the displacement
vi = the initial velocity
∆t = the elapsed time
a = the acceleration
∆x = vf∆t − 1/2 a(∆t)2
∆x = displacement
vf = is the final velocity
∆t = elapsed time
a = acceleration
F = ma
F = force
m = mass
W = mg
W = weight
g = acceleration which is due to gravity.
f = µN
f = friction force
µ = coefficient of friction
N = normal force
p = mv
W = F d cos θ or W = F!d
W = work t
F = force
d = distance
θ = angle between F and the direction of motion
KE = 1/2 mv2 K
KE = kinetic energy
m = mass
v = velocity
PE = mgh
PE = potential energy
m = mass
g = acceleration due to gravity
h = height
W = ∆(KE)
W = work done
KE = kinetic energy.
P = W ∆t
P = power
W = work
∆t = elapsed time
Solved Examples
Q.1. Calculate the dc voltage drop if the circuit length is 500 cms and in it 10 A of
current flows in 20 s ?
Solution:
The DC voltage drop is given as : V=L×I/T where, I = current through the circuit in
Amperes.
L = Length of the circuit in metres
T = time for which the current has flowed through the circuit in seconds
V = Voltage in Volts.
So,
V=500×10/20
V = 0.25 Volts.
Q.2. The spring constant of a stretched string is 50Nm−1 and displacement is 20
cm. Compute potential energy stored in the stretched string.
Solution:
Given parameters are,
k=50Nm−1
x = 20 cm = 0.2 m
Potential energy will be:
P.E=1/2k×x2
=½ X 50×(0.2)2
=1J
Q.3. A body moves along the x- axis according to the relation x=1–2t+3t2x=1–
2t+3t2x = 1 – 2 t + 3t^{2}, where x is in metres and t is in seconds. Find the
Acceleration of the body when t = 3s
Solution:
We have,
x=1–2t+3t2x=1–2t+3t2x = 1 – 2 t + 3t^{2}then;
Velocity v= dx/dt= −2+6t
v= dx/dt= −2+6t
Acceleration: v=dv/dt =6(m/s2)
Q.4. Calculate the weight of an object on the moon which weighs 50kg on earth.
Solution:
Here weight = mass x gravitational acceleration
=mxg
= 50 kg x 1.6 m/s2
= 80 Kg m/s2
Q.5. Find the displacement covered by an object which accelerates from rest to
60 m/s in 3s.
Solution:
Initial velocity = 0 and final velocity = 60 m/s
Time taken = 3s
Therefore, acceleration = 60/3 = 20m/s2.
Displacement (S) = ut + ½ at2
= 90 m
Q.6. A person goes from Point A to Point B in 10s and returns back in 8s. If the
distance between A and B is 36m, find the average speed of the person.
Solution:
Here total distance covered = 72m
Total time taken = 18s
Therefore, average speed = Total distance covered/Total time taken
=72/18
Total distance covered total time taken=7218
= 4 m/s.
Q.7. If an object is moving with a velocity of 5 m/s and has a kinetic energy of
100J, Find its mass.
Solution:
We know that KE = ½ mv2
100 = ½ x m x 5 x 5
100 = 25 m/2
m = 100×2/25 = 200/25
= 8 kg
Q.8. A long thin rod of length 50 cm has a total charge of 5 mC uniformly
distributed over it. Find the linear charge density.
Solution:
q = 5 mC = 5 × 10–3 C, l= 50 cm = 0.5 m. λ=?
λ=ql
=(5×10^−3)/0.5
=(5×10^−3)/0.5
=10^-2Cm^−1
Q.9. A car is travelling with a velocity of 10 m/s and it has a mass of 250 Kg.
Compute its Kinetic energy?
Solution:
As given here,
Mass of the body, m = 250 Kg,
Velocity of it, v = 10 m/s,
So Kinetic energy will be as:
E = 1/2mv^2
E = 1/2×250×10^2
= 125 ×100
E = 12500 joules
Q.10. The heat needed for a phase transfer of a 2 kg substance is [Link].
Determine its latent heat.
Solution:
Given parameters are,
Q = 400 [Link]
M = 2 kg
The formula for latent heat is given by,
L=Q/M
L = 400 / 2
L = 200 [Link]/kg