PART 1 (MCQs 1–30)

1. Which sentence is a fragment?

A. The teacher explained the lesson clearly.
B. Because the teacher explained the lesson clearly.
C. The students understood everything.
D. Everyone completed the assignment.
Answer: B
2. A run-on sentence occurs when:
A. Two dependent clauses are joined.
B. Two independent clauses are joined incorrectly.
C. A sentence has one clause.
D. A phrase is used as a sentence.
Answer: B
3. Which punctuation error joins two complete sentences with only a comma?
A. Fragment
B. Comma splice
C. Misplaced modifier
D. Parallelism
Answer: B
4. Which sentence is compound?
A. Although he studied, he failed.
B. He studied hard, and he passed.
C. Because he studied hard.
D. Studying hard every day.
Answer: B
5. Which sentence is complex?
A. Ali opened the door and entered.
B. Ali entered because the door was open.
C. Ali entered the room.
D. Ali and Ahmed entered.
Answer: B
6. Which word is an adverb?
A. Beautiful
B. Beauty
C. Beautifully
D. Beautify
Answer: C
7. Which sentence contains a dangling modifier?
A. Walking home, the rain started.
B. Walking home, I saw a rainbow.
C. I walked home slowly.
D. The rain stopped suddenly.
Answer: A
8. Subject-verb agreement is correct in:
A. Each student are present.
B. Each student is present.
C. Each students are present.
D. Students is present.
Answer: B
9. Which sentence has correct pronoun agreement?
A. Every student must bring their book.
B. Every student must bring his or her book.
C. Every student must brings his book.
D. Every student bring their books.
Answer: B
10. "Neither Ali nor Ahmed ___ absent."
A. are
B. were
C. is
D. have
Answer: C
11. Choose the correct sentence.
A. The committee have decided.
B. The committee has decided.
C. The committee were decided.
D. The committee decide.
Answer: B
12. Which is an infinitive?
A. Running
B. To read
C. Reading
D. Reads
Answer: B
13. Which is a gerund?
A. To swim
B. Swimming is healthy.
C. Swim
D. Swam
Answer: B
14. Which sentence uses the article correctly?
A. He is an university student.
B. He is a university student.
C. He is the university student.
D. He is university student.
Answer: B
15. Which sentence has correct word order?
A. Always she comes early.
B. She always comes early.
C. Comes she always early.
D. Early she comes always.
Answer: B
16. Which transition shows contrast?
A. Therefore
B. However
C. Because
D. Finally
Answer: B
17. The main purpose of a topic sentence is to:
A. End the paragraph.
B. Introduce the main idea.
C. Explain grammar.
D. Give examples only.
Answer: B
18. Paragraph unity means:
A. One paragraph has one central idea.
B. Every sentence is long.
C. Use difficult vocabulary.
D. Every sentence has commas.
Answer: A
19. Which improves coherence?
A. Random ideas
B. Transition words
C. Long sentences
D. Passive voice
Answer: B
20. Which sentence is NOT a fragment?
A. Because it was raining.
B. Although he tried.
C. She completed her work.
D. After the meeting.
Answer: C
21. A misplaced modifier:
A. Clearly describes the intended word.
B. Is placed away from the word it modifies.
C. Improves emphasis.
D. Is grammatically perfect.
Answer: B
22. Choose the correct sentence.
A. Everybody know the answer.
B. Everybody knows the answer.
C. Everybody knowing the answer.
D. Everybody have known.
Answer: B
23. Which sentence is punctuated correctly?
A. I bought apples oranges and bananas.
B. I bought apples, oranges, and bananas.
C. I bought apples oranges, and bananas.
D. I bought, apples oranges and bananas.
Answer: B
24. Which word is a conjunction?
A. Quickly
B. Because
C. Happy
D. Student
Answer: B
25. Which sentence contains an independent clause?
A. Because he was late
B. Although she was tired
C. She completed the assignment.
D. After the class
Answer: C
26. Which is the best example of a supporting sentence?
A. It explains the topic sentence.
B. It changes the topic.
C. It introduces another paragraph.
D. It gives the title.
Answer: A
27. Which language function is used when asking politely?
A. Giving directions
B. Making a request
C. Expressing cause
D. Comparing ideas
Answer: B
28. Which sentence correctly uses "either...or"?
A. Either Ali or Ahmed are coming.
B. Either Ali or Ahmed is coming.
C. Either Ali nor Ahmed is coming.
D. Either Ali and Ahmed is coming.
Answer: B
29. The first step in the writing process is:
A. Editing
B. Brainstorming
C. Publishing
D. Proofreading
Answer: B
30. According to recent VU paper trends, the safest preparation is:
A. Memorize solved papers only.
B. Read handouts carefully and understand concepts.
C. Study vocabulary only.
D. Ignore sentence identification.
Answer: B
PART 2 (MCQs 31–60)
31. Which sentence is correctly revised?
A. Because he was tired.
B. He was tired, so he went to bed.
C. Although he was tired.
D. After finishing the work.
Answer: B
32. Which sentence contains a comma splice?
A. She was ill, therefore she stayed home.
B. She was ill, she stayed home.
C. She was ill because she stayed home.
D. She stayed home after she was ill.
Answer: B
33. Which revision best fixes a run-on sentence?
A. Add another comma.
B. Separate the clauses with a period or semicolon.
C. Remove the subject.
D. Remove the verb.
Answer: B
34. Which sentence has correct subject-verb agreement?
A. The list of books are on the table.
B. The list of books is on the table.
C. The list of books were on the table.
D. The list of books have on the table.
Answer: B
35. Which sentence is correct?
A. Neither the teacher nor the students is ready.
B. Neither the teacher nor the students are ready.
C. Neither the teacher or the students are ready.
D. Neither teacher nor students is ready.
Answer: B
36. Which sentence uses a reflexive pronoun correctly?
A. Myself completed the task.
B. I completed the task myself.
C. Me completed the task myself.
D. Myself and Ali went home.
Answer: B
37. Which word best completes the sentence?
"The manager gave a _____ explanation."
A. clearly
B. clarity
C. clear
D. clearing
Answer: C
38. Which sentence avoids wordiness?
A. Due to the fact that it rained, we canceled the trip.
B. Because it rained, we canceled the trip.
C. Owing to the fact that rain occurred, we canceled the trip.
D. The trip was canceled because of the fact of rain.
Answer: B
39. Which punctuation mark is most appropriate to introduce a list?
A. Comma
B. Colon
C. Apostrophe
D. Hyphen
Answer: B
40. Which sentence uses the apostrophe correctly?
A. The students books are new.
B. The student's books are new. (one student)
C. The students book's are new.
D. The students books' are new.
Answer: B
41. A paragraph without supporting details lacks:
A. Unity
B. Development
C. Punctuation
D. Vocabulary
Answer: B
42. Which sentence would best serve as a concluding sentence?
A. There are many kinds of sports.
B. Sports improve health and teamwork, making them an important part of life.
C. Football is popular.
D. I play every Sunday.
Answer: B
43. Which transition shows a result?
A. However
B. Therefore
C. Meanwhile
D. Similarly
Answer: B
44. Which transition is best for adding information?
A. Furthermore
B. Instead
C. Otherwise
D. Nevertheless
Answer: A
45. Which sentence maintains paragraph unity?
A. It discusses only one central idea.
B. It changes topics in every sentence.
C. It includes unrelated facts.
D. It introduces a new essay.
Answer: A
46. Which of the following weakens coherence?
A. Logical order
B. Repetition of key ideas
C. Random arrangement of sentences
D. Appropriate transitions
Answer: C
47. Which sentence contains a pronoun reference error?
A. Ali met Ahmed, and he smiled. (unclear who smiled)
B. Ali smiled at Ahmed.
C. Ahmed greeted Ali warmly.
D. They reached on time.
Answer: A
48. Which sentence is most concise?
A. At this point in time, we should leave.
B. We should leave now.
C. We should leave at this point in time immediately.
D. It is necessary that we should leave now at this point.
Answer: B
49. Which sentence is punctuated correctly?
A. "Where are you going"? she asked.
B. "Where are you going?" she asked.
C. "Where are you going", she asked.
D. "Where are you going." she asked.
Answer: B
50. Which sentence correctly uses quotation marks?
A. He said, I am ready.
B. He said, "I am ready."
C. He said "I am ready".
D. He said I am "ready."
Answer: B
51. Which sentence uses the hyphen correctly?
A. She bought a well known book.
B. She bought a well-known book.
C. She bought a well, known book.
D. She bought a wellknown book.
Answer: B
52. Which sentence contains a dependent clause?
A. The train arrived late.
B. Because the train arrived late.
C. The passengers waited patiently.
D. Everyone reached safely.
Answer: B
53. Which sentence contains two independent clauses joined correctly?
A. He was tired, but he finished the assignment.
B. Because he was tired.
C. Although he finished the assignment.
D. Finishing the assignment.
Answer: A
54. Which word is used as a conjunction?
A. Quickly
B. Although
C. Honest
D. Happiness
Answer: B
55. Which sentence demonstrates emphasis?
A. The most important reason is safety.
B. Safety is one reason among many.
C. There are several reasons.
D. Reasons are different.
Answer: A
56. Which sentence uses parallel structure correctly?
A. She likes reading, to swim, and cycling.
B. She likes reading, swimming, and cycling.
C. She likes to read, swimming, and cycles.
D. She likes read, swim, and cycling.
Answer: B
57. Which is the best topic sentence?
A. My hometown has many attractions for visitors.
B. I visited my hometown last year.
C. The weather was pleasant.
D. Many people travel.
Answer: A
58. Which sentence should not appear in a paragraph about "Online Education"?
A. Online classes provide flexibility.
B. Students can learn from home.
C. Mangoes are rich in vitamins.
D. Digital resources improve learning.
Answer: C
59. Which sentence is grammatically complete?
A. While the teacher was speaking.
B. Since the exam was difficult.
C. The students listened carefully to the lecture.
D. After the class ended.
Answer: C
60. According to the recent paper trend, which preparation strategy is most effective?
A. Memorize only solved papers.
B. Focus on handouts and understand concepts.
C. Study only vocabulary lists.
D. Skip sentence identification topics.
Answer: B
PART 3 (MCQs 61–90)
61. The primary purpose of an essay outline is to:
A. Correct grammar
B. Organize ideas before writing
C. Increase vocabulary
D. Add references
Answer: B
62. Which section of an essay presents the thesis statement?
A. Body
B. Conclusion
C. Introduction
D. Reference list
Answer: C
63. The thesis statement should:
A. Introduce the central idea
B. Present unrelated facts
C. Summarize every paragraph
D. Include quotations only
Answer: A
64. Which paragraph develops the thesis with evidence?
A. Introduction
B. Body
C. Conclusion
D. Title
Answer: B
65. A concluding paragraph should:
A. Introduce a new argument
B. Restate the main idea and provide closure
C. Add supporting details
D. Ask unrelated questions
Answer: B
66. Which is the best thesis statement?
A. Pollution is a serious problem because it affects health, the environment, and future
generations.
B. Pollution exists.
C. Many people know pollution.
D. Pollution has many words.
Answer: A
67. Which of the following is not a good characteristic of an outline?
A. Logical sequence
B. Clear main points
C. Random arrangement
D. Organized structure
Answer: C
68. Which transition is suitable for showing sequence?
A. However
B. First
C. Nevertheless
D. Instead
Answer: B
69. Which transition indicates an example?
A. For example
B. Therefore
C. Finally
D. Yet
Answer: A
70. Which transition shows comparison?
A. Similarly
B. Although
C. Consequently
D. Otherwise
Answer: A
71. A paragraph loses unity when:
A. Every sentence supports the topic.
B. An unrelated sentence is added.
C. Supporting details explain the topic.
D. Ideas follow logical order.
Answer: B
72. Which sentence best supports the topic "Exercise improves health"?
A. Exercise strengthens muscles and improves heart health.
B. My favorite color is blue.
C. Cars are expensive.
D. Pakistan has many rivers.
Answer: A
73. Which sentence should be removed to improve unity?
Topic: Benefits of Reading
A. Reading increases vocabulary.
B. Reading improves concentration.
C. Cricket is popular in Pakistan.
D. Reading develops critical thinking.
Answer: C
74. Coherence mainly depends on:
A. Random facts
B. Logical connections between ideas
C. Long paragraphs
D. Difficult vocabulary
Answer: B
75. Which sentence provides the smoothest transition?
A. However, the results were different.
B. Banana is yellow.
C. Yesterday was sunny.
D. Tables are useful.
Answer: A
76. Which outline order is correct?
A. Supporting Idea → Title → Thesis
B. Title → Introduction → Body → Conclusion
C. Conclusion → Body → Introduction
D. Body → Title → Introduction
Answer: B
77. Which sentence is suitable as an introductory hook?
A. Have you ever wondered why some students learn faster than others?
B. My notebook is blue.
C. Water is wet.
D. Exams are tomorrow.
Answer: A
78. Which statement best defines coherence?
A. Using many adjectives
B. Connecting ideas smoothly
C. Writing very long paragraphs
D. Using passive voice only
Answer: B
79. Which sentence creates emphasis?
A. The most significant advantage is improved communication.
B. Communication exists.
C. People communicate.
D. Everyone speaks.
Answer: A
80. Which supporting detail is strongest?
A. It provides facts relevant to the topic.
B. It changes the topic.
C. It repeats the title only.
D. It gives unrelated opinions.
Answer: A
81. During the planning stage, a writer should:
A. Generate and organize ideas.
B. Correct punctuation only.
C. Publish immediately.
D. Ignore the audience.
Answer: A
82. Which sentence best serves as a concluding statement?
A. Therefore, regular practice is the key to success.
B. Let's start another topic.
C. This paragraph has five sentences.
D. Writing is interesting.
Answer: A
83. Which is not part of a body paragraph?
A. Topic sentence
B. Supporting details
C. Concluding sentence
D. Title page
Answer: D
84. Which technique helps maintain coherence?
A. Consistent use of transition signals
B. Frequent topic changes
C. Random examples
D. Incomplete sentences
Answer: A
85. What is the main purpose of supporting details?
A. Explain and develop the main idea
B. Introduce a new topic
C. Replace the topic sentence
D. End the essay
Answer: A
86. Which outline point should come first?
A. Conclusion
B. Main idea
C. References
D. Appendix
Answer: B
87. Which sentence contains a clear controlling idea?
A. Online learning offers flexibility but requires self-discipline.
B. Online learning.
C. Learning is good.
D. Students study.
Answer: A
88. Which paragraph is most coherent?
A. Sentences arranged in logical order with transitions.
B. Random unrelated sentences.
C. Different topics in every line.
D. Only examples without a topic.
Answer: A
89. Which revision improves paragraph organization?
A. Move supporting details below the topic sentence.
B. Delete the topic sentence.
C. Add unrelated facts.
D. Remove transitions.
Answer: A
90. According to the ENG101 writing lectures, effective writing is achieved when ideas
are:
A. Clear, unified, and logically organized.
B. Difficult and lengthy.
C. Written without planning.
D. Based only on memorization.
Answer: A
PART 4 (MCQs 91–120)
91. Cause and effect organization is mainly used to:
A. Compare two ideas
B. Explain why something happens and its results
C. Define vocabulary
D. Arrange ideas alphabetically
Answer: B
92. Which transition signal expresses cause?
A. Because
B. Likewise
C. Finally
D. Meanwhile
Answer: A
93. Which transition signal expresses effect?
A. Therefore
B. Although
C. Similarly
D. However
Answer: A
94. Classification writing organizes ideas according to:
A. Time only
B. Categories or groups
C. Sentence length
D. Grammar rules
Answer: B
95. Which is the best example of classification?
A. Fruits divided into citrus, tropical, and berries.
B. Writing events in order of time.
C. Explaining one event only.
D. Giving only definitions.
Answer: A
96. Spatial organization is commonly used in:
A. Describing places or objects
B. Writing conclusions
C. Grammar exercises
D. Dialogue writing
Answer: A
97. Which order is an example of spatial organization?
A. Left to right
B. Cause to effect
C. General to specific only
D. Chronological only
Answer: A
98. A good paraphrase should:
A. Copy every word from the original.
B. Change wording while keeping the original meaning.
C. Change the meaning completely.
D. Be much shorter than the original.
Answer: B
99. Which is not acceptable in paraphrasing?
A. Using different sentence structure.
B. Using synonyms where appropriate.
C. Copying the original sentence word for word.
D. Preserving the original meaning.
Answer: C
100. The purpose of summary writing is to:
A. Include every detail.
B. Present the main ideas briefly.
C. Rewrite each sentence exactly.
D. Add personal opinions.
Answer: B
101. A good summary should contain:
A. Only important points.
B. Every example from the passage.
C. Personal experiences.
D. New arguments.
Answer: A
102. While writing a summary, the writer should:
A. Add new facts.
B. Keep the original meaning.
C. Include quotations from memory.
D. Change the topic.
Answer: B
103. Which transition best introduces a result?
A. Consequently
B. For instance
C. Likewise
D. Meanwhile
Answer: A
104. Which transition is used to give an example?
A. For example
B. Therefore
C. Nevertheless
D. Finally
Answer: A
105. Which sentence shows a cause-and-effect relationship?
A. It rained heavily, so the match was canceled.
B. Apples and oranges are fruits.
C. The room has two windows.
D. My brother likes football.
Answer: A
106. Which sentence best represents classification?
A. Computers can be classified as desktops, laptops, and tablets.
B. I bought a laptop yesterday.
C. My laptop is expensive.
D. The laptop is on the table.
Answer: A
107. Which paragraph organization is most suitable for describing a classroom?
A. Spatial order
B. Cause and effect
C. Problem and solution
D. Comparison
Answer: A
108. In paraphrasing, the writer should avoid:
A. Changing sentence structure.
B. Using synonyms carefully.
C. Copying exact wording without change.
D. Keeping the same idea.
Answer: C
109. Which statement about summary writing is correct?
A. It includes only supporting examples.
B. It focuses on the main ideas.
C. It changes the author's opinion.
D. It is always longer than the original.
Answer: B
110. Which sentence is the best summary?
A. A summary briefly presents the author's key ideas without unnecessary details.
B. A summary includes every sentence from the text.
C. A summary adds personal opinions.
D. A summary changes the topic.
Answer: A
111. Which organizational pattern explains reasons first and results later?
A. Cause and effect
B. Classification
C. Spatial order
D. Chronological order
Answer: A
112. Which word is most suitable to connect two similar ideas?
A. Similarly
B. Because
C. Therefore
D. Otherwise
Answer: A
113. Which word best introduces contrast?
A. However
B. Therefore
C. Moreover
D. Consequently
Answer: A
114. Which sentence best demonstrates paraphrasing?
A. Rewriting an idea using different words while keeping the same meaning.
B. Copying an entire paragraph.
C. Shortening a sentence by removing verbs.
D. Changing the author's opinion.
Answer: A
115. Which sentence should not appear in a summary?
A. The writer's main point.
B. Essential supporting ideas.
C. Your personal opinion.
D. Key conclusion.
Answer: C
116. Which paragraph organization divides ideas into different groups?
A. Classification
B. Cause and effect
C. Comparison
D. Narrative
Answer: A
117. Which transition signal indicates an additional point?
A. Furthermore
B. Instead
C. Nevertheless
D. Otherwise
Answer: A
118. Which sentence is most appropriate in a cause-and-effect paragraph?
A. Smoking increases health risks; therefore, avoiding it improves well-being.
B. My favorite season is winter.
C. The book is on the shelf.
D. Pakistan has many cities.
Answer: A
119. Which technique is essential for both paraphrasing and summary writing?
A. Preserving the original meaning.
B. Adding personal opinions.
C. Copying complete sentences.
D. Rearranging paragraphs randomly.
Answer: A
120. Based on recent ENG101 paper trends, which topic deserves special attention?
A. Paraphrasing and Summary Writing
B. Letter writing only
C. Poetry analysis
D. Story writing only
Answer: A