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Blockchain Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on blockchain technology, covering topics such as the Solidity programming language, various consensus mechanisms (PoW, PoS, PoB, PoET), and applications in supply chain and smart cities. It explains the role of cryptographic hash functions, smart contracts, and decentralized applications (DApps), as well as the Bitcoin system and Merkle trees. Additionally, it highlights the significance of public ledgers and decentralization in enhancing trust and transparency in transactions.

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2 views3 pages

Blockchain Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on blockchain technology, covering topics such as the Solidity programming language, various consensus mechanisms (PoW, PoS, PoB, PoET), and applications in supply chain and smart cities. It explains the role of cryptographic hash functions, smart contracts, and decentralized applications (DApps), as well as the Bitcoin system and Merkle trees. Additionally, it highlights the significance of public ledgers and decentralization in enhancing trust and transparency in transactions.

Uploaded by

ilakkiaa0506
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Blockchain Complete Notes

1. Solidity Programming Language

Solidity is a high-level programming language used to write smart contracts on Ethereum.

Importance: Enables decentralized applications, automation without intermediaries, and secure


transactions.
Example:
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
contract Hello {
string public message = "Hello Blockchain";
}

2. Consensus Mechanisms

Proof of Work (PoW)

Miners solve complex puzzles to validate transactions.


Diagram:
User -> Miner -> Solve Puzzle -> Block Added

Proof of Stake (PoS)

Validators are chosen based on stake (coins held).

Proof of Burn (PoB)

Coins are burned to gain mining rights.

Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET)

Random wait time decides validator (used in Hyperledger).

3. Blockchain Applications

Supply Chain

Tracks goods transparently from origin to delivery.


Smart Cities

Used in energy, transport, and governance.

DApps

Apps that run on blockchain without central authority.

4. Cryptographic Hash Functions & SHA

Hash functions convert input into fixed-length output.

SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) ensures data integrity.


Example:
Input -> SHA-256 -> Fixed Hash

5. Smart Contracts & DApps

Smart contracts are self-executing programs.

DApps use smart contracts as backend.

6. Bitcoin System

Mining

Cloud: renting mining power. Own: using personal hardware.

Double Spending

Blockchain prevents spending same coin twice.

P2P Network

Nodes communicate directly without central authority.

7. Merkle Tree

Used to verify data efficiently in blockchain.


Root
/ \
Hash Hash
/ \ / \
Tx1 Tx2 Tx3 Tx4

8. Public Ledger & Decentralization

Public ledger records all transactions openly.

Decentralization removes central authority, increasing trust.

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