Class 10 Science - Chapter 4: Carbon and Its
Compounds
Student-Friendly Notes (Part 3)
Homologous Series
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds having the same functional group and
similar chemical properties. Successive members differ by a –CH■ unit and show a gradual change
in physical properties. Exam Tip: Memorise the common functional groups and practise naming
simple compounds.
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds having the same functional group and
similar chemical properties. Successive members differ by a –CH■ unit and show a gradual change
in physical properties. Exam Tip: Memorise the common functional groups and practise naming
simple compounds.
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds having the same functional group and
similar chemical properties. Successive members differ by a –CH■ unit and show a gradual change
in physical properties. Exam Tip: Memorise the common functional groups and practise naming
simple compounds.
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds having the same functional group and
similar chemical properties. Successive members differ by a –CH■ unit and show a gradual change
in physical properties. Exam Tip: Memorise the common functional groups and practise naming
simple compounds.
Nomenclature of Carbon Compounds
The names of simple carbon compounds depend on the number of carbon atoms and the type of
bond present. Examples include methane, ethane, propane, ethene and ethyne. Exam Tip:
Memorise the common functional groups and practise naming simple compounds.
The names of simple carbon compounds depend on the number of carbon atoms and the type of
bond present. Examples include methane, ethane, propane, ethene and ethyne. Exam Tip:
Memorise the common functional groups and practise naming simple compounds.
The names of simple carbon compounds depend on the number of carbon atoms and the type of
bond present. Examples include methane, ethane, propane, ethene and ethyne. Exam Tip:
Memorise the common functional groups and practise naming simple compounds.
The names of simple carbon compounds depend on the number of carbon atoms and the type of
bond present. Examples include methane, ethane, propane, ethene and ethyne. Exam Tip:
Memorise the common functional groups and practise naming simple compounds.
Functional Groups
A functional group is an atom or group of atoms that determines the characteristic chemical
properties of an organic compound. Common functional groups include alcohol (–OH), aldehyde
(–CHO), ketone (>C=O), carboxylic acid (–COOH) and halo group (–Cl, –Br). Exam Tip: Memorise
the common functional groups and practise naming simple compounds.
A functional group is an atom or group of atoms that determines the characteristic chemical
properties of an organic compound. Common functional groups include alcohol (–OH), aldehyde
(–CHO), ketone (>C=O), carboxylic acid (–COOH) and halo group (–Cl, –Br). Exam Tip: Memorise
the common functional groups and practise naming simple compounds.
A functional group is an atom or group of atoms that determines the characteristic chemical
properties of an organic compound. Common functional groups include alcohol (–OH), aldehyde
(–CHO), ketone (>C=O), carboxylic acid (–COOH) and halo group (–Cl, –Br). Exam Tip: Memorise
the common functional groups and practise naming simple compounds.
A functional group is an atom or group of atoms that determines the characteristic chemical
properties of an organic compound. Common functional groups include alcohol (–OH), aldehyde
(–CHO), ketone (>C=O), carboxylic acid (–COOH) and halo group (–Cl, –Br). Exam Tip: Memorise
the common functional groups and practise naming simple compounds.
Importance in NCERT
Understanding homologous series and functional groups helps in naming compounds, predicting
their properties and solving board exam questions. Exam Tip: Memorise the common functional
groups and practise naming simple compounds.
Understanding homologous series and functional groups helps in naming compounds, predicting
their properties and solving board exam questions. Exam Tip: Memorise the common functional
groups and practise naming simple compounds.
Understanding homologous series and functional groups helps in naming compounds, predicting
their properties and solving board exam questions. Exam Tip: Memorise the common functional
groups and practise naming simple compounds.
Understanding homologous series and functional groups helps in naming compounds, predicting
their properties and solving board exam questions. Exam Tip: Memorise the common functional
groups and practise naming simple compounds.
Functional Group Symbol Example
Alcohol –OH Ethanol
Aldehyde –CHO Ethanal
Ketone >C=O Propanone
Carboxylic Acid –COOH Ethanoic Acid
Halo –Cl / –Br Chloroethane