Table of contents:
1. Dates of submission
2. Objectives
3. Rubrics
4. Research material
5. Instructions and Format
Dates of submission: June 15, 2026
Objectives
Learning objective: To
(i) design a key to encrypt a message to numbers.
(ii) create an encoding square matrix of order 2 x 2, multiply it with the matrix
(iii) design a corresponding decoding matrix to decrypt the message.
(iv) develop analytical, logical thinking, problem solving skills, and spirit of
teamwork.
Learning outcome:
To apply multiplication of matrices to encode and decode a message.
Prior Knowledge:
Multiplication of matrices. Some knowledge on encoding and decoding using
matrices by way of research.
Procedure:
Students are shown the video on the procedure to translate messages to
numbers, encode and decode. They also learn to find the inverse matrix – which
helps them to find the decoding key matrix.
Students, as an individual work, do the following activities.
• Choose a message for encoding.
• Design an alphabet to number translation key.
• Write the message as a matrix B
• Design the encoding matrix A and the corresponding decoding square
matrix 𝐴−1
• Check that A× 𝐴−1 = 𝐼
• Compute the encoded matrix C = AB
• Rewrite the encoded matrix as a string of numbers.
• Pass the encoded message, the decoding key matrix 𝐴−1 , and the
translation key to the team member.
• Get the team member’s encoded message E
• Rewrite the encoded message as a matrix of order m x 2
• Decode the encoded matrix using the decoding key matrix (𝐴−1 ) given by
team member
• Translate the decoded matrix D, to the original message using the
translation key
Rubrics for assessment
Criteria
Mathematical A, 𝐵−1 , C, D C, D and 𝐵−1 Either C or D is Both C and D
correctness are correct (4) correct (3) correct (2) are wrong (1)
Neatness and Written part 1 Written both parts in Written any one Written both
presentation in and 2 in order order but not neatly part in order parts not in
order neatly (2) (1.5) neatly (1) order and not
neat (.5)
Selection of Both are Translation key is Translation key Both are
translation key simple (2) tough and the is easy and the tough (.5)
and encoding encoding matrix is encoding matrix
matrix simple (1.5) is tough (1)
Team player Always Mostly Contributes Occasionally Rarely
contributes and works well to contributes and contributes
and works others (1.5) works well with and works
well with others (1) well with
others (2) others (.5)
Link to videos:
How to find the inverse of a 2 x 2 matrix
Inverse of 2x2 matrix - YouTube
How to encode and decode a message
Encoding and Decoding w Matrices - YouTube
Instructions:
1. Use A4 size white papers
2. Draw margins on all 4 sides
3. Use Black pen only
4. Write only on the right side
5. Diagrams, pictures should be on left side (if applicable)
6. Diagrams must be in pencil (if applicable)
7. Do NOT show rough work in internals
8. Cover page should have only the following information
Math Internals 1
Matrix Encoding and decoding
Name, Roll no., Class, section, Date of submission
Sample cover page
9. Page 1: Table of contents
[Link] 2:
a. Learning objective:
To
(i) design a key to encrypt a message to numbers.
(ii) create an encoding square matrix of order 2 x 2, multiply it
with the matrix;
(iii) design a corresponding decoding matrix to decrypt the
message.
(iv) develop analytical, logical thinking, problem solving skills,
and spirit of teamwork.
b. Learning outcome :
To apply multiplication of matrices to encode and decode a
message.
11. Next Page(s)
Matrix encoding
Message to be encoded:
Translation Key:
Message Matrix (B):
Encoding Matrix (A):
Decoding Matrix (𝑨−𝟏 ):
Verification: (Check whether 𝐴 × 𝐴−1 = 𝐼)
Encoded Matrix: 𝑪 = 𝑨 × 𝑩
Encoded message:
12. Next page(s)
Matrix decoding
Message to be decoded:
Translation Key:
Encoded Message Matrix (E):
Decoding Matrix (𝑨−𝟏 ):
Decoded matrix: 𝑫 = 𝑨−𝟏 × 𝑬
Decoded message:
[Link] page
a. Reflection (Write about your experience in doing the internals)
b. Conclusion