Dumpy level is an optical surveying leveling instrument
consisting a telescope tube firmly secured in two collars fixed
by adjusting screws to the stage by the vertical spindle.
The telescope can rotate only in a horizontal plane. Relative
elevation of different points of a surveying land is determined
with dumpy level.
USE OF DUMPY LEVEL
The dumpy level is mainly used in surveying for the following
purpose.
To determine relative height or distance among different
locations of a surveying land.
To determine relative distance among different locations of a
surveying land.
Advantages of dumpy level survey
Simple construction with fewer movable parts.
Fewer adjustment to be made.
Due to the rigidity of dumpy levels, it remains its two
adjustment for a long time.
High obtical power.
Disadvantage of the dumpy level
Civil engineers may be find it difficult in making
accurate measuerments.
Difficulty in using.
Dumpy level
1. Telescope
The telescope is used to measure distant objects in
the line of sight. The telescope is generally
connected with vertical spindle,facilitating
telescope to be movable in various
[Link] comprises of various parts, all
the parts are described below.
Eye Piece : It comprises of a magnifying glass and
isprimarily used by the observer.
Objective Piece: it is placed at the farther end of
[Link] comprises a convex lens and a concave
lens.
Diaphragm: Provided in the outline of the eyepiece
with thecross of dark metal. They are provided to
bisect object.
Focusing Screw : They are meant to align the focus
and image clarity of the object.
Ray Shade: Prevents sunlight from entering the
objectivelens
2. Bubble Tubes
They are provided to align the level of instrument.
Providedby bubble tubes on horizontal and vertical
direction. Theinstrument is ready to survey when
both the bubbles are in the centre.
3. vrtical Spindle
Located at the center of the instrument. It helps the
telescope to rotate in the vertical direction. Vertical
Spindle is meant to be a conjunction point between
tripod and telescope.
4. Tribrach
It is parallel to the levelling head and primarily
utilized to adjust the horizontal level of the
instrument
5. Foot Screws
The foot screws are used to calibrate the instrument
through the bubble tube. Adjusting foot screws one
can calibrate tribrach plate. To ensure the bubble is
at the center, foot screws are operated.
6. Levelling Head
Also known as a trivet, it comprises of two triangular
plates aligned parallel to each other. Comprises of
groves to hold foot screws.
7. Tripod
Tripod is the supporting medium of the complete
dumpy level. Comprising of three legs made of hollow
steel sections or light or hardwood. Steel shoes
provided at the foot ensures that the tripod is
immobile with slight jerks.
Functions of Dumpy Level
Dumpy level holds significant importance in the surveying of a
construction site. The level of accuracy and handiness of
dumpy level has made it a prominent choice amongst
surveyors.
The prime reason for performing levelling on a construction
site is to make the field level and even.
To determine the differences in height between two points.
To measure the height and distance of different locations of
surveying land through the principle of relativity.
To measure following distance amongst various point on the
surveying land.
To measure following distance amongst various point on the
surveying land.
To draw contours on land.
Procedures in Setting-up a Dumpy Level
1. Set your tripod up near the spot you want to measure.
Place your tripod on a patch of flat, clear ground that sits
between your benchmark location and the spot you want to
measure. Then, undo the latches on your tripod's legs and
extend each leg out. Assess the tripod if it is level, if not,
adjust the legs until your tripod is completely level, then close
each latch. The tripod's legs must be firmly place in the ground
by pushing each leg to the ground.
2. Connect the instrument to the tripod
The dumpy level is removed from the case and place it to the
top of the tripod and fix the instrument with the screw from
the tripod. By loosening the screw, we can level the instrument
by moving it to the top of the tripod until the bubble is in the
middle of the circle. If the step does not work, you may now
use the levelling screws.
3. Levelling the instrument using levelling screws
First, align the axis of the telescope parallel to the line
between two levelling screws. Turn two level screws at the
same time by using the rule of thumb in which you turn the
screws both thumbs in, both thumbs out. Bring the bubble
adjacent to the center of the circle. Then, rotate the
instrument 90 degrees, and turn the third levelling screw to
bring the bubble in the middle of the circle.
After making your initial leveling adjustments, return your
telescope to its starting position and check that the bubble
still sits in the center of the level. If it does, turn the telescope
180 degrees and check the level again. You can focus the
device once all 3 positions show the bubble in the center of the
level. Always set-up the instrument to your eye level. Not too
low and not too high to your eye level.