Technical Reports
Definition
A technical report conveys technical information clearly.
It's structured into sections for different readers to access varying information levels.
A technical report is a written account of:
Facts of a situation, project, process, or test
How facts were ascertained
Significance of facts
Conclusions drawn
Recommendations (in some cases)
Parts of a Technical Report
1. Background of the Study
History/nature of the problem.
Reasons for addressing the problem through research.
2. Related Literature
Previous works on the area.
Previous attempts to solve the problem.
Shows how your work differs from, or builds upon, existing research.
Reader should understand:
Key ideas of each significant related work.
Contribution of each work.
How the works fit together.
How the current work differs.
3. Methods, Materials, and Participants
Data collection techniques.
Strategies used to answer research questions.
General description of participants.
Criteria for participant selection.
4. Results and Discussion
Answers to research questions.
Findings from literature, surveys, interviews, and/or experiments.
5. Conclusion
Summarizes key points.
Includes:
Extent to which aims were achieved.
Key findings and outcomes.
Significance or usefulness of the report.
Essential features of design/product/model.
Significant outcomes of the investigation.
6. Recommendation
Addresses limitations of the report/study.
Suggests improvements for future work.
7. Reference List
Books and articles used/consulted.
Uses mandated citation format (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago).
8. Appendices
Materials not in the main body of the text.
Due to volume or relevance to the flow of the text.
Examples: Lists of symbols, derivation of an equation, figures, and tables.